Computer Security Fundamentals
Virus - correct answer Code that self-replicates, spreads rapidly, may or may not have
a malacious payload.
Malware - correct answer Software with a hidden payload which doesn't do what you
expected it to do.
How Can Viruses spread? - correct answer Through network connections: it copies
itself to ther hosts on the network through email other vulnerabilities found by
programmers in the network.
How do you avoid viruses? - correct answer Use a virus scanner, don't open
questionable attachments, and don't believe "Security Alerts"
What is a Trojan Horse? - correct answer A type of virus that is advertised as
something and allows other malacious software programs (keyloggers, spyware, etc)
onto the host computer. May also leave a back door open.
What is a Buffer Overflow Attack? - correct answer Program writes data beyond the
allocated size of a buffer so that it either crashes or loads it into main memory on the
server.
What is spyware? - correct answer ex: keylogger, spying on web cookies
Deployed in a secretive way to obtain private information about the activity or
information of the target host.
What are the legal uses of spyware? - correct answer Parental Monitoring
Monitoring employees in a work setting to keep them on task
What is Rootkit Malware - correct answer Allows someone to remotely take control of
the target computer in order to do activities such as: monitoring traffic or keystrokes,
creating a backdoor, altering log files, and attacking other machines.
What is malacious web-based code? - correct answer Code that is portable to all
operating systems like Java, HTML, etc. Thus, the virus spreads quickly because there
are many targets utilizing the code and spreading it further.
List the six techniques/stages used by (smart) hackers when committing an attack. -
correct answer 1.Recon 2.Passive Scanning 3.Active Scanning 4.Finding
vulernabilities 5.Enumeration 6.Actual Attack
Give some examples of what a hacker may do for reconnaissance - correct answer
There are 2 ways to recon. Passively and Actively.
Virus - correct answer Code that self-replicates, spreads rapidly, may or may not have
a malacious payload.
Malware - correct answer Software with a hidden payload which doesn't do what you
expected it to do.
How Can Viruses spread? - correct answer Through network connections: it copies
itself to ther hosts on the network through email other vulnerabilities found by
programmers in the network.
How do you avoid viruses? - correct answer Use a virus scanner, don't open
questionable attachments, and don't believe "Security Alerts"
What is a Trojan Horse? - correct answer A type of virus that is advertised as
something and allows other malacious software programs (keyloggers, spyware, etc)
onto the host computer. May also leave a back door open.
What is a Buffer Overflow Attack? - correct answer Program writes data beyond the
allocated size of a buffer so that it either crashes or loads it into main memory on the
server.
What is spyware? - correct answer ex: keylogger, spying on web cookies
Deployed in a secretive way to obtain private information about the activity or
information of the target host.
What are the legal uses of spyware? - correct answer Parental Monitoring
Monitoring employees in a work setting to keep them on task
What is Rootkit Malware - correct answer Allows someone to remotely take control of
the target computer in order to do activities such as: monitoring traffic or keystrokes,
creating a backdoor, altering log files, and attacking other machines.
What is malacious web-based code? - correct answer Code that is portable to all
operating systems like Java, HTML, etc. Thus, the virus spreads quickly because there
are many targets utilizing the code and spreading it further.
List the six techniques/stages used by (smart) hackers when committing an attack. -
correct answer 1.Recon 2.Passive Scanning 3.Active Scanning 4.Finding
vulernabilities 5.Enumeration 6.Actual Attack
Give some examples of what a hacker may do for reconnaissance - correct answer
There are 2 ways to recon. Passively and Actively.
