Drug Use & Abuse FINAL EXAM| 1019 Questions | With Complete Solutions

Tolerance may develop to some effects of a drug but not to others correct answer: true Which of the following accurately describes the influence that age has on drug effects? correct answer: children and the elderly are more susceptible to a drug's effects Sensation-seeking is correct answer: a personality characteristic that is associated with more frequent and varied substance use Some of the effects of alcohol are greater when blood alcohol level is rising than when blood alcohol level is declining. This is called ________ . correct answer: acute tolerance The cell adaptation-homeostasis theory of drug tolerance is most helpful in explaining __________ tolerance. correct answer: protracted Genetics influences _____ correct answer: Initial sensitivity to drugs metabolism of drugs The _________ is a set of ethical guidelines established after WWII to prevent human rights abuse in biomedical research. correct answer: Nuremberg Code If an individual needs to drink 6 beers in order to achieve the same effect that he/she used to experience with 3 beers, this is an example of ____ tolerance. correct answer: protracted Which of the following is an example of what could become conditioned stimuli associated with substance use? correct answer: all of these a syringe a bar a drinking buddy Which of the following is thought to contribute to drug expectancies? correct answer: all of these past use of a drug advertising friends' use of a drug As a result of classical conditioning, previously neutral stimuli that have been paired with drug use may elicit _____. correct answer: the drug effects & the withdrawal effects of a drug A __________ is a consequence of a behavior that increases the likelihood that it will occur in the future. correct answer: reinforcer How long does the first step (initial synthesis and preclinical trials) in new drug development typically take? correct answer: 1-3 years When Jane was younger, she drank alcohol for the buzz. Today Jane usually drinks in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms. When Jane was younger ___________ was occurring and today _________ is occurring. correct answer: positive reinforcement ; negative reinforcement When young men have less of a r