EMT Final Exam |1812 questions and answers 2023.

Poor nutrition and GI bleeding are common complications​ of: A. syncope. B. hypertension. C. alcohol abuse. D. epilepsy. C. alcohol abuse. A patient who has​ "huffed" a volatile chemical is likely to​ experience: A. visionary hallucinations followed by violent nausea. B. a prolonged state of profound euphoria. C. an initial rush followed by depression of the central nervous system. D. immediate unconsciousness. C. an initial rush followed by depression of the central nervous system. You respond to a shopping​ mall, where you find a​ 13-year-old male unconscious on the floor. His friends tell you that he was​ "huffing." He is breathing about six times a​ minute, with a pulse of 50. What should be your MOST immediate course of​ action? A. Perform a physical exam. B. Transport the patient. C. Perform a primary assessment and provide basic life support measures if required. D. Treat the patient for shock. C. Perform a primary assessment and provide basic life support measures if required. You are caring for a​ 29-year-old female patient who is unconscious and has reportedly overdosed on heroin. You should be alert​ for: A. respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest. B. bradycardia. C. swelling of the nose and mouth. D. tachycardia. A. respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest. A substance that will neutralize a poison is​ called: A. a dilution. B. an​ anti-drug. C. an antidote. D. a cure. C. an antidote. Which question is the most relevant when determining how long an ingested poison has been in the​ system? A. What is the​ patient's weight? B. What effect is the patient experiencing from the​ poisoning? C. When did the poisoning​ occur? D. What substance was​ involved? C. When did the poisoning​ occur? Chronic alcohol abusers often have​ deranged: A. expectations of care. B. mental status. C. respiratory status. D. blood sugar levels. D. blood sugar levels A sign of alcohol withdrawal​ is: A. nausea or vomiting. B. blackout. C. blurred vision. D. tachycardia. D. Tachycardia What is the legal use of a​ narcotic? A. Mood alteration B. Relief of pain C. Alteration of mental status D. Intense relaxation B. Relief of pain The first thing you should do when treating a patient who has absorbed poison​ is: A. remove the source of the poison from the patient. B. take Standard Precautions. C. remove contaminated clothing. D. remove the patient from the source of the poison. B. take Standard Precautions. Poisons that enter through the eye should be treated​ by: A. flushing with eye drops. B. flushing with milk. C. flushing with clean water. D. flushing with​ 0.9% normal saline solution. flushing with clean water. Amphetamines have what effect on the​ body? A. Lethal B. Stimulant C. Depressant D. Narcotic Stimulant If you think you detect the smell of alcohol on a​ patient's breath,​ then: A. you should ensure the smell​ isn't actually an acetone smell. B. the patient is likely suffering from alcohol withdrawal. C. you should transport the patient to a treatment facility. D. that patient is legally intoxicated. you should ensure the smell​ isn't actually an acetone smell. Which of the following actions is the MOST important treatment for a patient suffering from inhaled​ poisoning? A. Perform a secondary assessment with vital signs. B. Transport the patient via emergency traffic to the nearest appropriate facility. C. Identify the specific poison the patient was exposed to and ensure all​ bottles, containers, or appropriate labels are transported with the patient. D. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen as soon as it is safely possible to do so. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen as soon as it is safely possible to do so. For a patient with a known ingestion of an acid​ substance, you should​ immediately: A. administer an equivalent amount of an alkali to neutralize the acid. B. contact medical control or a poison control center. C. administer activated charcoal in the appropriate dosage. D. administer syrup of ipecac in the appropriate dosage. contact medical control or a poison control center. By which route are IV drugs​ abused? A. Inhalation B. Ingestion C. Absorption D. Injection Injection You face a situation in which a victim of chlorine gas poisoning is still conscious but lying on the​ ground, and the area surrounding him is contaminated with chlorine gas. What would be your BEST course of​ action? A. Summon specially trained personnel wearing appropriate protective gear to rescue the victim while you try to coax the patient out of the contaminated area. B. You and your partner should take turns attempting the​ rescue, minimizing exposure to less than five minutes for each of you. C. Wrap a​ water-soaked cloth around your nose and​ mouth, and attempt the rescue. D. Take a deep​ breath, and rush in to rapidly extricate the victim. Summon specially trained personnel wearing appropriate protective gear to rescue the victim while you try to coax the patient out of the contaminated area. Your partner is reviewing the actions of activated charcoal. You tell him that activated​ charcoal: A. adheres to many​ poisons, reducing absorption by the body. B. provides a laxative​ effect, resulting in diarrhea. C. works well when an acid or alkali has been ingested. D. dilutes the poison prior to being absorbed by the body. adheres to many​ poisons, reducing absorption by the body. You have just arrived at the scene of a patient who has reportedly ingested an unknown chemical at an industrial site. You find the patient to be unconscious and not breathing. Recognizing the importance of the absence of​ breathing, you should​ immediately: A. irrigate the mouth with sterile​ water, then begin ventilations with a​ bag-valve mask. B. ventilate the patient using a​ bag-valve mask while ensuring the airway is clear and patent. C. administer oxygen via a​ non-rebreather mask at 15 LPM. D. administer​ mouth-to-mouth ventilations, as any delay could result in permanent death. ventilate the patient using a​ bag-valve mask while ensuring the airway is clear and patent. Activated charcoal is only indicated for patients who have been exposed to poisons via​ the: A. absorption route. B. ingestion route. C. injection route. D. inhalation route. ingestion route. You and your crew are treating a young female who was found unconscious in her kitchen near the back door. After a few minutes of caring for​ her, you feel lightheaded and dizzy. You and your crew all report the onset of headaches and some nausea. What should you​ do? A. Place an oxygen mask to your face and order your EMS crew out of the room while you stay and continue to treat the patient to avoid abandonment. B. Ignore the​ symptoms, as they will likely pass soon. C. Stay with the victim and wait for specially trained personnel. D. Retreat immediately to fresh​ air, taking the victim with you. Retreat immediately to fresh​ air, taking the victim with you. What type of poison is​ swallowed? A. Absorbed B. Ingested C. Inhaled D. Injected Ingested When asking what effects a patient is experiencing from exposure to a poison during the secondary​ assessment, difficulty​ breathing, coughing, and hoarseness are signs​ of: A. inhaled poison. B. injected poison. C. absorbed poison. D. ingested poison. inhaled poison. You are treating a patient who has inhaled a poison. You have inserted a nasopharyngeal airway and have begun​ high-concentration oxygen via nonrebreather mask.​ Next, you​ should: A. transport the patient. B. gather the​ patient's history, take vital​ signs, and expose the chest for auscultation. C. contact medical direction. D. establish an open airway. gather the​ patient's history, take vital​ signs, and expose the chest for auscultation. What is an inhaled​ poison? A. Chlorine B. Weed killer C. Snake venom D. Rat poison Chlorine When transporting a patient who has inhaled​ poison, what do you take with​ you? A. A sample of the substance if it is possible to obtain. B. A transport form signed by law enforcement. C. A liability waiver signed by the patient. D. All​ containers, bottles, and labels from the substance. All​ containers, bottles, and labels from the substance. Knowing whether your patient has a history of alcohol abuse is important​ because: A. this is information that is not normally obtained at the hospital. B. alcohol abuse is a criminal offense in most states. C. there may be a greater safety risk with patients who abuse alcohol. D. it changes the manner in which you will manage​ airway, breathing, and circulatory problems. there may be a greater safety risk with patients who abuse alcohol. To treat a patient exposed to dry lime​ powder, you​ should: A. dilute the effect of the chemical by having the patient drink water. B. soak the affected area with copious amounts of warm water. C. neutralize the chemical with the appropriate substance. D. brush the powder from the​ patient's skin. brush the powder from the​ patient's skin. A patient with a history of alcohol abuse who reports visual and auditory hallucinations is​ reporting: A. a symptom that is unusual for alcohol abuse. B. a symptom that indicates head trauma. C. a symptom that indicates abuse of hallucinogenics. D. one of the symptoms of alcohol abuse. one of the symptoms of alcohol abuse. A patient who displays​ excitement, increased pulse and breathing​ rates, rapid​ speech, dry​ mouth, dilated​ pupils, and sweating has MOST likely been​ using: A. uppers. B. narcotics. C. volatile chemicals. D. downers. uppers In a patient suspected of an acetaminophen​ overdose, it is important to determine if the patient has a history of alcohol abuse​ because: A. the two combined often cause an allergic reaction. B. alcohol combined with acetaminophen produces​ cocaethylene, a dangerous substance. C. acetaminophen is contraindicated for patients with a history of alcohol abuse. D. alcohol potentiates​ (makes worse) the toxic effects of acetaminophen. acetaminophen is contraindicated for patients with a history of alcohol abuse. Which of the following is TRUE of sudden alcohol​ withdrawal? A. It is the best way to manage alcohol addiction. B. Patients who quit​ "cold turkey" usually experience few side effects. C. It can lead to death. D. Sudden withdrawal from alcohol is always fatal. It can lead to death. In a patient who is experiencing​ tachycardia, hypertension,​ nausea, and​ tremors, you should MOST​ suspect: A. an aspirin overdose. B. an antidepressant overdose. C. a benzodiazepine overdose. D. a narcotic overdose. an antidepressant overdose. Which of the following statements regarding the assessment of chronic alcohol abusers is​ TRUE? A. Indications of head injury will be obvious in patients who abuse alcohol. B. It is easy for the EMT to miss other medical conditions or injuries. C. Confusion and disorientation are uncommon in patients who abuse alcohol. D. The health risks related to alcohol abuse are only a concern when the patient is intoxicated. It is easy for the EMT to miss other medical conditions or injuries. ​Depressants, such as​ barbiturates, depress the central nervous system. They are often used to bring on a more relaxed state of mind. Based on​ this, depressants are often​ called: A. uppers. B. downers. C. hallucinogens. D. narcotics. Downers Your unit has arrived on the scene of a private residence where the scene has been determined to be safe. According to the​ parents, their​ six-year-old son may have taken a handful of​ pills, thinking they were candy. You should contact medical direction or the poison control center to​ consider: A. administering activated charcoal. B. administering syrup of ipecac. C. dilution with milk. D. rinsing the​ patient's mouth out with water. administering activated charcoal. A patient with carbon monoxide poisoning was exposed​ by: A. injection. B. absorption. C. inhalation. D. ingestion. inhalation. Volatile chemicals​ are: A. vaporized compounds. B. injectable liquids. C. powders. D. pills. vaporized compounds. Which of the following patients should NOT be administered activated​ charcoal? A. Patient who has overdosed on aspirin B. Patient experiencing an altered mental status C. Patient who has overdosed on acetaminophen D. Patient who is currently taking antibiotics Patient experiencing an altered mental status After​ you've opened the airway of a patient who has inhaled​ poison, the single MOST important treatment you could administer​ is: A. ​high-concentration oxygen. B. activated charcoal. C. dilution. D. naloxone. ​high-concentration oxygen. Emergency medical care for a patient who has ingested a poison​ includes: A. noting the appearance of the vomitus prior to disposing of it. B. flushing the mouth of an unresponsive patient. C. administering activated​ charcoal, per medical direction. D. inducing vomiting as soon as possible. administering activated​ charcoal, per medical direction. When ventilating a patient who has ingested a​ poison, mouth-to-mouth ventilation is dangerous not only because of the possibility of​ infection, but also​ because: A. a poisoned patient will become more hypoxic through this method of ventilation. B. the toxic action of the poison on the patient will become worse. C. of possible contact with the ingested substance. D. the​ patient's breath will be toxic. of possible contact with the ingested substance. You respond to a home where the parents found their​ 12-year-old son unconscious on the floor. A​ half-empty bottle of vodka is next to him. After you assess and protect the​ airway, providing oxygen to the​ patient, you​ should: A. transport the patient. B. treat for shock. C. monitor vital signs. D. assess for trauma. assess for trauma. Which of the following is TRUE about absorbed​ poisons? A. Absorbed poisons cause local reactions at the point of contact but rarely cause systemic reactions. B. For an absorbed​ liquid, irrigate with clean water for 20 minutes and continue en route if possible. C. A contaminated eye should be irrigated from the corner of the eye across the bridge of the nose. D. If the poison is a dry​ chemical, immediately flush the area with clean water. For an absorbed​ liquid, irrigate with clean water for 20 minutes and continue en route if possible. You are caring for a patient who has apparently attempted suicide by taking her​ father's prescription drug. In addition to knowing what drug it​ is, its​ dosage, and when she took the​ drug, what other detail related to the drug is​ important? A. The expiration date on the container B. When the medication was prescribed to the father C. How many capsules were in the container before and after the ingestion D. Whether the medication is a brand name or generic How many capsules were in the container before and after the ingestion A patient is drunk and refusing treatment or transport. You​ should: A. respect the​ patient's wishes but remain on scene to perform as much of a secondary assessment as possible. B. treat and arrange for transport of the patient as necessary on the basis of implied consent. C. respect the​ patient's wishes and leave the scene. D. call law enforcement to take custody of the patient. treat and arrange for transport of the patient as necessary on the basis of implied consent. The therapeutic mechanism by which activated charcoal works is​ by: A. causing the substances in the stomach to solidify into a​ single, solid mass. B. causing an unpleasant taste and resultant vomiting. C. increasing the motility​ (movement of​ substances) through the gastrointestinal system to expulsion. D. binding poisons through​ adsorption, thus preventing poisons from being absorbed by the body. binding poisons through​ adsorption, thus preventing poisons from being absorbed by the body. When providing care for substance abuse​ patients, make sure you are safe​ and: A. identify yourself as an EMT to the patient and bystanders. B. do not provide care to any substance abuse patient not in legal custody. C. do not provide care to patients who are behaving erratically. D. indicate that law enforcement officers are on their way. identify yourself as an EMT to the patient and bystanders. After the airway has been​ established, which of the following is the MOST important means of managing a patient who has inhaled a​ poison? A. Monitoring pulse oximetry B. Administering a specific antidote C. Hyperventilation D. High concentrations of oxygen High concentrations of oxygen