Zikra Memon
UNIT 2 Chromatography
Chromatography
Chromatography is a process for separating components of a mixture into two
phases. To get the process started, the mixture is dissolved in a substance called the
mobile phase, which carries it through a second substance called the stationary
phase. The mobile phase may be either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is
either a solid or a liquid. Chromatography is one of the several separation techniques
defined as differential migration from a narrow initial zone. Electrophoresis is
another member of this group. In this case, the driving force is an electrical field,
which exerts different forces on solutes of different ionic charge. The resistive force
is the viscosity of the no flowing solvent. The combination of these forces yield ion
motilities peculiar to each solute.
Uses of chromatography in daily life: creating vaccination, food and beverages
testing, drug and forensic testing,
Viscosity: the state of being thick, sticky, and semi-fluid in consistency, due to
internal friction.
Electrophoresis: the movement of charged particles in a fluid or gel under the
influence of an electric field.
Paper chromatography or TLC
Paper chromatography is a technique for separating dissolved substances from one
another. It is an inexpensive but powerful analytical tool that requires very small
quantities of material. The key components of the experiment are the size of the
substance. Large substances travel faster than small substances. Thin layer
chromatography (TLC) is an affinity-based method used to separate compounds in a
mixture. TLC is a highly versatile separation method that is widely used for both
qualitative and quantitative sample analysis. TLC can be used to analyse virtually any
substance class, including pesticides, steroids, alkaloids, lipids, nucleotides,
glycosides, carbohydrates, and fatty acids.
Pros and Cons of using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
Advantages Disadvantages
It is a very easy way to separate the TLC works in the open environment.
components. Therefore, temperature can affect the
results.
In comparison to other separation Results obtained from TLC are difficult
techniques, very few types of to reproduce.
equipment are used.
The components are separated in a very Only soluble components of the
short time because the components will mixtures are possible.
elute rapidly.
UNIT 2 Chromatography
Chromatography
Chromatography is a process for separating components of a mixture into two
phases. To get the process started, the mixture is dissolved in a substance called the
mobile phase, which carries it through a second substance called the stationary
phase. The mobile phase may be either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is
either a solid or a liquid. Chromatography is one of the several separation techniques
defined as differential migration from a narrow initial zone. Electrophoresis is
another member of this group. In this case, the driving force is an electrical field,
which exerts different forces on solutes of different ionic charge. The resistive force
is the viscosity of the no flowing solvent. The combination of these forces yield ion
motilities peculiar to each solute.
Uses of chromatography in daily life: creating vaccination, food and beverages
testing, drug and forensic testing,
Viscosity: the state of being thick, sticky, and semi-fluid in consistency, due to
internal friction.
Electrophoresis: the movement of charged particles in a fluid or gel under the
influence of an electric field.
Paper chromatography or TLC
Paper chromatography is a technique for separating dissolved substances from one
another. It is an inexpensive but powerful analytical tool that requires very small
quantities of material. The key components of the experiment are the size of the
substance. Large substances travel faster than small substances. Thin layer
chromatography (TLC) is an affinity-based method used to separate compounds in a
mixture. TLC is a highly versatile separation method that is widely used for both
qualitative and quantitative sample analysis. TLC can be used to analyse virtually any
substance class, including pesticides, steroids, alkaloids, lipids, nucleotides,
glycosides, carbohydrates, and fatty acids.
Pros and Cons of using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
Advantages Disadvantages
It is a very easy way to separate the TLC works in the open environment.
components. Therefore, temperature can affect the
results.
In comparison to other separation Results obtained from TLC are difficult
techniques, very few types of to reproduce.
equipment are used.
The components are separated in a very Only soluble components of the
short time because the components will mixtures are possible.
elute rapidly.
