Summary Advanced Human Geography Option - Topic 14 Economic Transition

Topic 14 - Economic Transition

14.1 National Development

Employment structure and its role in Economic Development

4 Employment Sectors:

1. Primary Sector - Produces RM from land and sea, harvesting products from Earth
2. Secondary Sector - Manufactures primary materials into finished products
3. Tertiary Sector - Provides services and distribution to businesses/ppl and
commercial services
4. Quaternary sector - High tech to provide info and expertise, R&D important

Differences in 4 Employment Sectors:

Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary
Lvl of Relatively Low More skills than High skilled labor Requires highly
Skilled primary advanced skills
Labor
Level of Low Medium/high High High, Very high
Income
Location Rural Areas, Industrialized MEDC developed MEDC
Resource rich areas, capital- countries, post- developed
areas, LDC or intensive, industrialized, countries, high
LEDC developed, NIC high tech tech

Ethiopia: Primary (88%), Secondary (2%), Tertiary (10%), Quaternary (0%)
UK: Primary (3%), Secondary (25%), Tertiary (70%), Quaternary (2%)

Product Chain – Full sequence of activities needed to turn RM -> Finished Product

 Illustrate 4 sectors of employment
 As economy advances, proportion of employment in each sector changes
 Secondary products either consumer goods (public) or capital goods (B2B)
 Quaternary Sector can associate with all sectors
 Transportation from Primary-Sector and Sector-Tertiary is by Tertiary sector

Quaternary
(Research and Development)

Primary -> Secondary -> Tertiary
(Farms) (Food processing Factories) (Supermarkets and food sales,
restaurants)