Citing and Referencing:
Harvard Style
, Contents
1. What is referencing? 1 5.8 Citing an image/illustration/table/diagram/
photograph/figure/picture5
2. Why should I reference? 1 5.9 Citing from works with no obvious author 6
3. What should I reference? 2 5.10 Citing from multimedia works 6
5.11 Citing from an interview or personal communication 6
4. What is a citation? 2
5.12 Tips on good quotation practice 7
5. How do I write citations using
the Harvard style?3 6. How do I write a reference? 9
5.1 Citing one author 3 7. How do I write a reference list? 12
5.2 Citing two or three authors 3
8. Example of a reference list 12
5.3 Citing four or more authors 4
9. What is a bibliography? 15
5.4 Citing works by the same author written in the same year 4
5.5 Citing from chapters written by different authors 4
10. How to write references for your
reference list and bibliography:
5.6 Secondary referencing 4 Harvard style15
5.7 Citing a direct quotation 5 11. Sources of further help 24
, There are many styles that can be used for referencing. When you are given coursework
or dissertation guidelines, check which style of referencing your lecturer or department
asks you to use. If you don’t check, and you use a style that is not the one stated in
your guidelines, you could find you lose marks.
This guide introduces you to the Harvard referencing style, which uses an ‘author-date’
approach. If your lecturer or department does not ask you to use any particular style,
we recommend using Harvard. It’s easy to learn, simple to use, and there is lots of advice
available to help you out.
When you begin your research for any piece of work, it is important that you record the details
of all the information you find. You will need these details to provide accurate references, and
to enable you to locate the information again at a later date, should it be necessary to do so.
Section 6 of this guide will help you identify what information you need, regardless of which
referencing style you choose to use.
1. WHAT IS REFERENCING?
It is a method used to demonstrate to your readers that you have conducted a thorough and
appropriate literature search, and reading. Equally, referencing is an acknowledgement that
you have used the ideas and written material belonging to other authors in your own work.
As with all referencing styles, there are two parts: citing, and the reference list.
2. WHY SHOULD I REFERENCE?
Referencing is crucial to carrying out successful research, and crucial to your readers What is
so they can see how you did your research. Knowing why you need to reference means referencing?
you will understand why it is important that you know how to reference. 1
Harvard Style
, Contents
1. What is referencing? 1 5.8 Citing an image/illustration/table/diagram/
photograph/figure/picture5
2. Why should I reference? 1 5.9 Citing from works with no obvious author 6
3. What should I reference? 2 5.10 Citing from multimedia works 6
5.11 Citing from an interview or personal communication 6
4. What is a citation? 2
5.12 Tips on good quotation practice 7
5. How do I write citations using
the Harvard style?3 6. How do I write a reference? 9
5.1 Citing one author 3 7. How do I write a reference list? 12
5.2 Citing two or three authors 3
8. Example of a reference list 12
5.3 Citing four or more authors 4
9. What is a bibliography? 15
5.4 Citing works by the same author written in the same year 4
5.5 Citing from chapters written by different authors 4
10. How to write references for your
reference list and bibliography:
5.6 Secondary referencing 4 Harvard style15
5.7 Citing a direct quotation 5 11. Sources of further help 24
, There are many styles that can be used for referencing. When you are given coursework
or dissertation guidelines, check which style of referencing your lecturer or department
asks you to use. If you don’t check, and you use a style that is not the one stated in
your guidelines, you could find you lose marks.
This guide introduces you to the Harvard referencing style, which uses an ‘author-date’
approach. If your lecturer or department does not ask you to use any particular style,
we recommend using Harvard. It’s easy to learn, simple to use, and there is lots of advice
available to help you out.
When you begin your research for any piece of work, it is important that you record the details
of all the information you find. You will need these details to provide accurate references, and
to enable you to locate the information again at a later date, should it be necessary to do so.
Section 6 of this guide will help you identify what information you need, regardless of which
referencing style you choose to use.
1. WHAT IS REFERENCING?
It is a method used to demonstrate to your readers that you have conducted a thorough and
appropriate literature search, and reading. Equally, referencing is an acknowledgement that
you have used the ideas and written material belonging to other authors in your own work.
As with all referencing styles, there are two parts: citing, and the reference list.
2. WHY SHOULD I REFERENCE?
Referencing is crucial to carrying out successful research, and crucial to your readers What is
so they can see how you did your research. Knowing why you need to reference means referencing?
you will understand why it is important that you know how to reference. 1
