INTRO TO MATERNITY AND PEDS CHAPTER 30 questions and answers well illustrated.

INTRO TO MATERNITY AND PEDS CHAPTER 30 questions and answers well illustrated. 1. The nurse is careful to apply only the prescribed amount of ointment to the skin of a 2-month-old. How is infant skin different from adult skin? a. Less perfusion b. Greater moisture c. More perspiration d. Greater absorption - correct answers.ANS: D The child's skin has a dramatically greater ability to absorb than does that of the adult. 2. What risk is increased with children who have been diagnosed with infantile eczema? a. Pneumonia b. Acne c. Sun sensitivity d. Asthma - correct answers.ANS: D Some children with eczema also develop asthma and hay fever-type allergies. 3. What is the appropriate technique for the application of a topical treatment for a child with eczema? a. Apply skin lotions in a circular motion. b. Apply prescribed ointments with a gloved hand. c. Apply as much and as frequently as relieves the symptoms. d. Choose lanolin-based ointments. - correct answers.ANS: B The prescribed amount of ointment is usually applied to the skin by a gloved hand in long, smooth strokes. Lanolin-based preparations should be avoided because of a possible allergy to wool. 4. A 2-day-old infant is noted to have small pustules on her skin. What is the best nursing action? a. Report it immediately because it may be a staphylococcus infection. b. Keep the affected area dry and clean. c. Teach the parents how to care for seborrheic dermatitis. d. Chart the finding because it may be the beginning of a strawberry nevus. - correct answers.ANS: A A staphylococcal infection can spread readily 5. The home health nurse discovers a family infected with pediculosis. What information can the nurse provide to the mother to start eradication of the lice? a. Cover the hair with Vaseline. b. Apply a soda-vinegar solution to the hair. c. Comb through the hair with a vinegar-water solution. d. Shampoo the hair with dish detergent. - correct answers.ANS: C Combing a vinegar and water solution through the hair with a fine-tooth comb and then shampooing is an initial step toward eradication. 6. A group of football players is taking oral griseofulvin for tinea pedis. What should the school nurse caution them to avoid? a. Citrus fruit and juice b. Eating shellfish c. Alcohol consumption d. Taking corticosteroids - correct answers.ANS: C Consumption of alcohol while taking griseofulvin will cause severe tachycardia. 7. What should the nurse suggest before a 17-year-old girl starts a protocol of isotretinoin (Accutane) for her acne? a. Get a prescription for oral contraceptives. b. Increase the dose of the present medication. c. Limit intake of chocolate, cola, and peanuts. d. Increase exposure to sunlight. - correct answers.ANS: A Oral contraceptives are often prescribed for adolescents with acne. Accutane can cause birth defects, so pregnancy should be prevented. 8. A child had a burn, evidenced by pink skin and blistering. The child complains of pain and is crying. How does the nurse classify this burn when documenting? a. First-degree b. Second-degree superficial c. Second-degree deep dermal d. Third-degree - correct answers.ANS: B A second-degree superficial burn appears blistered, moist, and pink or red. The pain associated with this burn indicates tissue viability. 9. A child has sustained a second-degree deep thermal burn to the hand. What is the best first action to take? a. Immerse the burned area in cold water. b. Apply ice to the burned area. c. Break any blisters that are present. d. Apply petroleum jelly to the burned skin. - correct answers.ANS: A First-aid treatment of a second-degree deep thermal burn is immersion of the burned area in water to halt the burning process. 10. Which allergy would contraindicate the use of silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) as a topical agent for burns? a. Penicillin b. Iodine c. Tetanus immunizations d. Sulfa - correct answers.ANS: D The use of Silvadene cream on burns is contraindicated if the patient has a sulfa allergy. 11. What would help the child with a serious burn meet nutritional needs during the subacute phase of recovery? a. Decrease calories because the child will be on bed rest and will not need as many. b. Increase calories and protein to compensate for the healing process. c. Increase fat to replace the layer of fat next to the burned skin. d. Decrease carbohydrates and starches because the pancreas is strained by the healing process. - correct answers.ANS: B Frequent meals and snacks high in calories, protein, and iron are needed to meet the increased metabolic needs of the child with burns. 12. Which statement made by a parent indicates an understanding of the topical application of medications for a skin condition? a. "I apply the medication after I give my child a bath." b. "I rub the ointment in a circular motion over the rash." c. "I increased the amount of cream because the rash was not improving." d. "I use powder and cornstarch to keep the skin dry." - correct answers.ANS: A Absorption of topical medications is best when preparations are applied after a warm bath 13. On the first day following a severe burn, the body's fluid reserves have left the circulating volume and entered the interstitial space, causing massive edema. What should the nurse monitor for very closely in the burn victim? a. Increasing intracranial pressure b. Reduced urine output c. Eschar formation d. Fluid overload - correct answers.ANS: B With the fluid shift associated with severe bu 14. At a 2-month well-child visit, parents ask the nurse about the red area on the infant's neck. They tell the nurse that the mark appeared a few weeks after birth. What does the nurse recognize this skin lesion as? a. A port wine nevus b. A strawberry nevus c. Exanthem d. Intertrigo - correct answers.ANS: B The strawberry nevus is a common hemangioma consisting of dilated capillaries in the dermal space, which may not become apparent for a few weeks after birth. 15. A mother is concerned about what might have caused a heat rash on her infant. The nurse observes tiny pinhead-sized reddened papules on the infant's neck and axilla. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this rash? a. Sun exposure b. Allergic reaction c. Infection d. Heat and moisture - correct answers.ANS: D Miliaria, or prickly heat rash, is caused by excess body heat and moisture. 16. What is the correct nursing response to a mother who asks, "How can I get rid of the baby's cradle cap?" a. "Rub baby oil on the infant's head at night and shampoo the hair the next morning." b. "Use a brush with firm bristles to loosen the scales on the baby's head several times a day." c. "Wash the baby's head every night with a dandruff-control shampoo." d. "Lubricate the baby's head every morning with a small amount of olive oil." - correct answers.ANS: A Scales may be softened by applying baby oil to the head the evening before, and shampooing the hair in the morning. 17. Which statement made by a parent indicates the need for further teaching about strategies to control itching for the infant with eczema? a. "Wool is the best fabric for the infant's clothing." b. "I should avoid laundry detergents with fragrances." c. "I put cotton gloves on the infant's hands." d. "The infant's fingernails are kept short." - correct answers.ANS: A Clothing should be made of cotton. Wool is avoided because of its allergy potential. 18. What will the nurse include when teaching about general skin care measures that could help prevent acne? a. Eliminating chocolate, peanuts, and cola from the diet b. Washing the face with a cleansing product frequently c. Planning indoor activities to avoid sun exposure d. Eating a balanced diet and getting sufficient rest - correct answers.ANS: D General hygienic measures of cleanliness, rest, and avoidance of emotional stress may help prevent exacerbations. ANS: D General hygienic measures of cleanliness, rest, and avoidance of emotional stress may help prevent exacerbations. - correct answers.ANS: D A purple flush indicates the return of sensation and causes extreme pain.