UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL PROBLEMS 5TH EDITION By M. MORGAN - Test Bank

1. Which of the following models did Great Britain adopt to deal with drug abuse in that country? a. the harm reduction model b. the legal model c. the medical model d. the criminal model ANSWER: c 2. Which country treats drug use as a health issue rather than a crime issue? a. Denmark b. Germany c. Greece d. The Netherlands ANSWER: d 3. A country has decided to adopt a different approach to dealing with its drug problem that is less punitive and involves the use of licensed physicians. What is this approach called? a. the harm reduction approach b. the war on drugs c. the medical model d. the therapeutic community approach ANSWER: c 4. Which of the following issues is the Canadian Foundation for Drug Policy (CFDP) primarily concerned with? a. lenient drug laws b. harsh drug laws c. drinking and driving legislation d. treatment centres for drug-dependent individuals ANSWER: b 5. What is the most abused drug in Canada? a. marijuana b. alcohol c. amphetamines d. depressants ANSWER: b 6. Prior to 1906, which of the following was contained in Coca-Cola? a. Aspirin b. alcohol c. codeine d. cocaine ANSWER: d 7. What does the heavy consumption of alcohol on weekends by a teenager exemplify? a. drug addiction b. dependency c. drug abuse d. drug resiliency ANSWER: c 8. According to the structural-functionalist perspective, which of the following states likely leads to an increase in drug abuse? a. cognitive dissonance b. anomie c. suicidal ideation d. relative deprivation ANSWER: b 9. What is another term for chemical dependency? a. drug addiction b. drug abuse c. drug habituation d. drug misuse ANSWER: a 10. According to Health Canada, which of the following social factors is strongly associated with substance abuse? a. lack of access to proper health care b. divorce c. dysfunctional and abusive families d. father’s occupational status ANSWER: c 11. In addition to drug use during pregnancy, which of the following is a major substance abuse–related issue for women? a. substance abuse after divorce b. cocaine dependency c. smoking d. misuse of prescription drugs ANSWER: d 12. According to the feminist perspective, who is most likely to be charged with abusing illegal drugs during pregnancy? a. older women (ages 40?0?50) b. marginalized women c. career women d. rural woman ANSWER: b 13. According to the conflict perspective, where might you expect to find elevated rates of drug abuse? a. France b. South Korea c. Bolivia d. Syria ANSWER: b 14. Which perspective emphasizes that it is the most powerful members of society who influence the definitions of which drugs are legal? a. symbolic interactionist perspective b. structural-functionalist perspective c. conflict perspective d. social control perspective ANSWER: c 15. Which perspective says that drug users learn the motivations for drug use, techniques for drug use, and what to experience after ingesting drugs? a. symbolic interactionist perspective b. conflict perspective c. structural-functionalist perspective d. social control perspective ANSWER: a 16. According to the symbolic interactionist perspective, why do people use drugs? a. because they have learned to label the drug-using experience in positive terms b. because they have a biological predisposition to drug addiction c. because they have been exploited and alienated by a capitalistic society d. because their society is in a state of anomie ANSWER: a 17. According to a Copenhagen study done by Jarvine (2001), most alcoholics in treatment centres are in which of following states of mind about their substance abuse? a. a naïve state b. an arrogant state c. a depressed state d. a state of denial ANSWER: d 18. According to an NIAAA Study (2000), what percentage of alcoholism is genetically based? a. 20?0?30 percent b. 30?0?40 percent c. 40?0?50 percent d. 50?0?60 percent ANSWER: d 19. According to the NIAA (2000), which of the following people is most likely to abuse alcohol? a. a person who is experiencing anxiety about his or her job b. a person experiencing depression about his or her failing marriage c. an obsessive compulsive person who washes his or her hands 100 times a day d. a person with a gambling problem ANSWER: a 20. According to the Ontario Ministry of Health (2009), which age group is most likely to engage in binge drinking? a. people between the ages of 15 and 19 b. people between the ages of 25 and 29 c. men between the ages of 30 and 34 d. men between the ages of 35 and 39 ANSWER: a 21. How does the Strunin (2010) study characterize the practice of allowing young people to consume alcohol in Italian families? a. culturally relevant b. culturally acceptable c. culturally deviant d. culturally normative ANSWER: d 22. Scientific evidence linking tobacco use to lung cancer dates back to which of the following? a. 1990 b. 1975 c. 1959 d. pre-twentieth century ANSWER: d 23. According to Health Canada (2011), approximately how many Canadians die every day from illnesses caused by smoking? a. 10 b. 100 c. 200 d. 500 ANSWER: b 24. According to a Health Canada study (2002), what will be the number one cause of death worldwide in the year 2030? a. AIDS b. dehydration from drinking contaminated water c. alcoholism d. tobacco-related illnesses ANSWER: d 25. What does a Health Canada study (2002) predict about the rate at which young people will use tobacco in Canada? a. It will fluctuate wildly. b. It will increase substantially. c. It will increase moderately. d. It will decrease. ANSWER: d 26. What is the most heavily trafficked illicit drug in the world? a. cocaine b. heroin c. marijuana d. crack ANSWER: c 27. According to a CCSA study, what is the most commonly used illicit drug in the Canada? a. cocaine b. heroin c. crack d. marijuana ANSWER: d 28. What is the active ingredient in marijuana? a. LSD b. THC c. PCP d. GHB ANSWER: b 29. How far back does marijuana use date back to? a. 2737 B.C. in China b. late 1500s in Mexico c. 1659 in North America d. 1838 in Europe ANSWER: a 30. In Haverfield’s study on the history of drug laws in Canada, which of the following social factors most likely explains the passage of laws banning the use of recreational drugs? a. age b. gender c. social class d. racer ANSWER: d 31. According to the Canadian Medical Association, what will safe injection sites most likely lead to? a. astronomical increases in heroin use b. political backlash c. a decrease in crime d. cheaper prices for street drugs ANSWER: c 32. What type of drug is cocaine? a. a depressant b. an intoxicant c. a sedative d. a stimulant ANSWER: d 33. What does research say about the long-term physiological effects of marijuana use? a. The effects are indisputable. b. The effects are unknown. c. The effects are less damaging than tobacco. d. The effects are potentially fatal. ANSWER: b 34. Which drug is said to be most responsible for the “war on drugs”? a. heroin b. marijuana c. cocaine d. LSD ANSWER: c 35. According to Health Canada (2011), what percentage of Canadians has used cocaine? a. 1% b. 5% c. 10% d. 15% ANSWER: a 36. Which of the following is a good example of a “club drug”? a. heroin b. ecstasy c. crack d. beer ANSWER: b 37. What is GHB better known as? a. grass b. crack c. liquid ecstasy d. crystal meth ANSWER: c 38. Amongst which group of people are rates of injectable drug use rising? a. people living in rural communities b. women c. Aboriginals d. prisoners ANSWER: c 39. In Canada, which population is most likely to abuse prescription drugs? a. teenagers b. seniors c. men d. women ANSWER: d 40. Which of the following are known as “club drugs”? a. alcohol and tobacco b. LSD and ecstasy c. cocaine and heroin d. heroin and morphine ANSWER: b 41. Which of the following are often called “date-rape drugs”? a. LSD and cocaine b. GHB and Rohypnol c. marijuana and alcohol d. heroin and ecstasy ANSWER: b 42. Which of the following may cause Sudden Sniff Death Syndrome? a. cocaine b. designer drugs c. heroin d. inhalants ANSWER: d 43. Which substance has the highest rates of use among Aboriginal and Métis youth? a. alcohol b. heroin c. cocaine d. solvents ANSWER: d 44. According to Canadian surveys, what age group is the most likely to abuse inhalants? a. 9 to 11 b. 12 to 14 c. 15 to 17 d. 18 to 20 ANSWER: c 45. If children are raised in homes in which one or both parents use or abuse drugs, what do they have a higher probability for? a. mental disorders b. behavioural disorders c. lower intelligence d. traumatic events in their lifetime ANSWER: b 46. Compared to the divorce rate for non-alcoholics, how many times higher is the divorce rate for alcoholics? a. two b. five c. seven d. eleven ANSWER: c 47. Which of the following is required for acceptance into Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous? a. referral from a physician or mental health professional b. having lost a job or been arrested due to alcohol and/or drug use c. the desire to stop using drugs or alcohol d. referral from a probation/parole officer ANSWER: c 48. What are self-help programs like Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous based on? a. therapeutic communities b. a continuum of 12 steps c. residential communities d. the medical model ANSWER: b 49. What do inpatient and outpatient treatment centres often require prior to admission? a. family support b. a large financial commitment c. a religious affiliation on the part of the patient d. detoxification ANSWER: d 50. Which perspective is best able to explain the success of 12-step programs and therapeutic communities in helping people overcome drug and alcohol dependency? a. structural-functionalism b. conflict theory c. symbolic interactionism d. feminism ANSWER: c 51. Ontario has opened up the sale of wine through private stores. What is this an example of? a. medicalization b. legalization c. deregulation d. decriminalization ANSWER: c 52. What is one of the most common drug-related crimes in Canada? a. drunk driving b. possession c. trafficking d. importation ANSWER: a 53. What is MADD an example of? a. a police-based community action group b. a social action group c. a therapeutic community d. a 12-step program ANSWER: b 54. A researcher is looking at the harm caused by impaired drivers by examining everything from fatalities, to injuries, to work-time lost. Which model is he using? a. the totality model b. the comprehensive model c. the social cost model d. the morbidity/mortality model ANSWER: c 55. In Great Britain, heroin and cocaine are prescribed to addicts. Which model does this practice exemplify? a. the compassionate model b. the harm reduction model c. the medical model d. the doctor certified model ANSWER: c 56. In Great Britain, what has research regarding drug use and marginalized populations found? a. Drug use among marginalized populations is not always evident. b. Drug use and marginalized populations are indisputably linked. c. The relationship between these two variables depends on the drug being used. d. The patterns between these two variables are exactly the same as those of the United States. ANSWER: a 57. Which perspective points out that it is the powerful groups in our society who determine which drugs are legal or illegal? a. structural-functionalist perspective b. feminist perspective c. conflict perspective d. symbolic interactionist perspective ANSWER: c 58. The use of some drugs involves learning the techniques for proper use. Which theoretical perspective would be interested in this aspect of drug use? a. structural-functionalist perspective b. feminist perspective c. conflict perspective d. symbolic interactionist perspective ANSWER: d 59. What is the most likely cause of binge drinking? a. mental health problems b. learning disabilities c. familial alcohol use patterns d. school-related pressures ANSWER: c 60. According to Health Canada, approximately how many Canadians die each year from tobacco-related diseases, including second-hand smoke? a. 25 000 b. 35 000 c. 45 000 d. 55 000 ANSWER: c 61. The “social cost model” measures the number of alcohol-related traffic deaths on a yearly basis. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 62. The legal level of blood/alcohol impairment to operate a motor vehicle throughout most of Canada is .08 a. True b. False ANSWER: True 63. Treating drug use as a “medical problem” rather than a “crime problem” has decreased drug use rates among Dutch youth. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 64. Anomie most often precedes drug use according to structural-functionalist theory. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 65. Misuse of prescription drugs is most commonly found in women. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 66. Approximately 50?0?60 percent of the risk for developing alcoholism is genetic. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 67. The “new temperance” movement in Canada is largely a moral crusade. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 68. According to the 2000 Project Canada report, binge drinking among youth has been increasing while drug use has been declining. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 69. According to Strunin, families that allow their children to consume alcohol during their meals at home run an extremely high risk of their children binge drinking at any early age. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 70. Scientific evidence linking tobacco use to lung cancer existed as early as 1859. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 71. Tobacco smoke kills more Canadians yearly than the combined total of all murders, alcohol-related deaths, car accidents, and suicides. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 72. Marijuana is the most commonly used and most heavily trafficked drug in the world. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 73. Marijuana’s active ingredient (THC) may act as both a hallucinogenic and a stimulant. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 74. The carcinogenic effects of marijuana use are not believed to be as lethal as those of tobacco. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 75. According to a Health Canada study done in 2011, approximately 10 percent of Canadians use cocaine. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 76. Drugs like Ecstasy are typically taken in the morning as a stimulant. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 77. Rohypnol is currently illegal in both Canada and the United States. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 78. Rohypnol is lawfully sold in Europe and Latin America. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 79. In Canada, HIV infections attributable to injectable drugs is on the decline. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 80. In Canada, women are more likely than men to abuse prescription drugs. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 81. Drugs like “crystal meth” are becoming increasingly popular in rural Canadian areas. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 82. In Canada, prescription drug abuse is most commonly found in senior citizens. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 83. In Canada, the age group that is most likely to abuse inhalants are the 12- to 15-year-olds. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 84. The divorced, separated, or widowed in Canada are more likely to use sleeping pills, antidepressants, and tranquillizers than those who are single or married. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 85. The use of tranquillizers, antidepressants, and sleeping pills increases as income increases. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 86. There are no long-term effects of inhalant abuse, but the short-term effects are very severe. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 87. Alcoholics are seven times LESS likely to separate or divorce than non-alcoholics. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 88. Poverty, not drug use, may better explain why crime rates are consistently high among those living in the lower socio-economic income group. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 89. Three out of four drug-related charges in Canada are related to cannabis use and distribution. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 90. Fetal alcohol syndrome is most commonly found in the non-Aboriginal population. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 91. Heavy alcohol and drug use are associated with negative consequences for an individual’s mental health. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 92. Most inpatient treatment programs last between 90 and 180 days. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 93. Programs like AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) and NA (Narcotics Anonymous) tend to use the 12-step approach. a. True b. False ANSWER: True 94. Therapeutic communities are very common in Canada. a. True b. False ANSWER: False 95. Briefly discuss the “social cost model.” What are some of the factors that it takes into consideration? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 96. How does “anomie” contribute to drug use? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 97. Distinguish between drug abuse and drug dependency. ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 98. What does Canada’s recent focus on the harm reduction model attempt to accomplish? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 99. What are the arguments against the legalization of drugs? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 100. Distinguish between inpatient and outpatient treatment. ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 101. How might a conflict theorist explain why alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine are legal, whereas crack cocaine and heroin are illegal? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 102. What is the harm reduction model and what does it attempt to accomplish? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 103. Discuss the relationship among drug use, crime, and poverty. ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 104. What has the Canadian government done to contribute to the declining rates of tobacco use by minors? ANSWER: Student responses will vary. 105. What is the basic philosophy behind a 12-step program like AA or NA? ANSWER: Student responses will vary.