Denham Eggenberger Young Family Focused Nursing Care - Test Bank

Chapter 3- Moving to Family-Focused Care MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following does not contribute to the high costs of medical care in the last year of life? 1. Caring for severe illness 2. Functional impairment 3. Nursing home expenditures 4. Over-prescribing practices ANS: 4 Rationale: According to Hogan (2001), caring for severe illness, functional impairment, and nursing home expenditures contribute to the high cost of medical care in the last year of life. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate among terms like healthy, unhealthy, and societal health | Integrated Process: Caring | Client Need: Physiological Integrity | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 2. What percent of U.S. adults are overweight or obese? 1. Less than 25% 2. 34% 3. 40% 4. More than 50% ANS: 2 Rationale: The obesity crisis is of great concern. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), about 33.8% of U.S. adults are overweight or obese. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate among terms like healthy, unhealthy, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Physiological Integrity | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 3. Consider the following statements: Statement A. When physicians discuss end-of-life with cancer patients, their health-care costs are much higher in the last week of life. Statement B. Many dying persons never get referred to hospice care. 1. Both statements A and B are true. 2. Both statements A and B are false. 3. Statement A is true and statement B is false. 4. Statement A is false and statement B is true. ANS: 4 Rationale: According to Zhang et al. (2009), costs are much lower when physicians discuss end-of-life care with their patients. Yet many dying persons are never referred to hospice. More than a third of those referred only spend seven days enrolled, although many would benefit greatly from aspects of care management lasting longer (Jennings, Ryndes, D’Onofrio, & Baily, 2010). PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate among terms like healthy, unhealthy, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 4. An ____ point of view encourages one to see connections between society and individual or societal health. 1. Educated 2. Ecumenical 3. Ecological 4. Environmental ANS: 3 Rationale: An ecological point of view encourages one to see connections between society and individual or societal health. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 5. How much greater is U.S. health-care spending compared to other nations? 1. About 2.5 times as high 2. About 4 times as high 3. About 7.5 times as high 4. About 10 times as high ANS: 1 Rationale: The United States is one of the wealthiest nations in the world and spends more money on health care than anywhere else; health-care spending is about 2.5 times as high as other nations. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 6. Which of the following is not a priority of the Affordable Care Act’s quality improvement strategy? 1. New health-care delivery models. 2. Families engaged as partners in care. 3. Less emphasis on preventive care. 4. Use of best practices. ANS: 3 Feedback 1 New health-care delivery models, families engaged as partners in care, and use of best practices are all priorities of the Affordable Health Care Act’s quality improvement strategy. 2 New health-care delivery models, families engaged as partners in care, and use of best practices are all priorities of the Affordable Health Care Act’s quality improvement strategy. 3 Rather than less emphasis on preventive care, a priority is to promote the most effective prevention and treatment practices for leading causes of mortality. 4 New health-care delivery models, families engaged as partners in care, and use of best practices are all priorities of the Affordable Health Care Act’s quality improvement strategy. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Which of the following may prevent illness? 1. Adequate sleep 2. Early diagnosis 3. Stress management 4. Adequate nutrition ANS: 1, 3, 4 Rationale: Adequate sleep, nutrition, and stress management help to prevent illness. Early diagnosis of illness is important too, but it does not prevent illness. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Identify various perspectives linked with health and illness | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Response 2. Which of the following increase risk for illness? 1. Physical activity 2. Tobacco use 3. Sedentary lifestyle 4. Poverty ANS: 2, 3, 4 Rationale: Tobacco use and a sedentary lifestyle are high-risk behaviors; socioeconomic status also correlates with increased risk for illness. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Identify various perspectives linked with health and illness | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Response 3. What do families desire from hospice care? 1. Continuity of care. 2. Comfort for the dying family member. 3. Autonomy for family members. 4. Case management. ANS: 1, 2, 3, 4 Rationale: Continuity of care, comfort for the dying family member, autonomy for family members, and case management are all aspects of hospice care. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate among terms like healthy, unhealthy, and societal health | Integrated Process: Caring | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Response 4. Which of the following factors influence societal health? 1. Access to care providers 2. Educational institutions 3. Wealth distribution 4. Respect of human rights ANS: 1, 3, 4 Rationale: Access to care providers, distribution of wealth, and respect of human rights all influence the health of society. Educational institutions are not essential for health and wellness. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Response 5. Which of the following are reasons the United States has a growing health disadvantage when compared with peer countries? 1. Uninsured segments of the population 2. High poverty rates 3. An efficient health-care delivery system 4. Lack of care coordination ANS: 1, 2, 4 Rationale: Uninsured people, high poverty rates, and lack of care coordination contribute to the growing health disadvantage of the United States, despite it being one of the wealthiest countries and spending more on health care compared to other nations. The U.S. health-care system is not efficient. There is much duplication, yet there are many gaps in care. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Response 6. Which of the following assumptions about the family perspective will guide nursing actions? 1. Family members need full disclosure and clear explanations. 2. Family members are usually afraid of being involved in care. 3. Family confidence influences care giving. 4. Family members have rights and can make choices. ANS: 1, 3, 4 Rationale: Assumptions that may help to guide nursing actions include that family members need full disclosure and clear explanations, that their confidence influences care giving, and that they have rights and can make choices. Families are usually comfortable with other family members and want to be involved, but will need information that will enable their involvement. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Describe ways nurses think family to deliver family focused care | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Response 7. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrate the nurse is thinking family? Susan, a nurse who thinks family: 1. Introduces herself to each of her patients in the acute-care setting. 2. Ensures that family members are not in the room when procedures are done. 3. Practices active listening with all her patients’ visitors. 4. Commends family members for their positive interactions with her patients. ANS: 3, 4 Rationale: Thinking family is demonstrated by actively listening to patients’ visitors and commending family members for their positive interactions with patients. Introducing oneself to each patient and ensuring that family members are not in the room when procedures are done only shows concern for the individual, not for the family. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Describe ways nurses think family to deliver family focused care | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation | Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Response COMPLETION 1. As early as 1995, the American Nurses Association’s Social Policy Statement described ____________________ as a target for nursing care. ANS: family PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Completion SHORT ANSWER 1. List several influencers of norms or standards regarding health. ANS: Age, genetics, geographical region, culture/ethnicity, etc. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Identify various perspectives linked with health and illness | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Short Answer 2. Compare and contrast obesity and malnutrition as public health issues, and describe how families can influence them. ANS: Nurses and the general public are often unaware of public health measures that might be used to reverse the obesity epidemic. Some solutions rest outside the health-care industry, but clinicians might make important differences. For example, lifestyle choices, the built environment, leadership capacities, prevention, public policy, and government interventions offer alternative approaches to the obesity problem. Coordinated actions are needed to solve a problem of this magnitude. Nurses that think family can help by looking beyond primary care settings and find ways to address this concern—one of which is to educate families. Malnutrition and starvation are also growing problems, not only for the homeless or the unemployed, but one that is faced daily by families with inadequate incomes. Families often choose between food and other basic needs (e.g., rent, utilities, and medical care). Nurses that think family consider the health and illness of the family units and the larger society, not merely individuals. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Identify various perspectives linked with health and illness | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Short Answer 3. Explain what is meant by this statement of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons: “Societal needs for medical health care have both quantitative and qualitative perspectives.” ANS: Quantitative means that the appropriate number, type, and mix of physicians, nurses, or other health-care professionals are available. Qualitative needs have to do with the adequacy of the professionals’ knowledge, skills, attitudes, and willingness to assume the roles needed by diverse societies. Professional competencies needed by population groups are often culturally specific responses to societal needs, social determinants of health, and the burden of illness. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss ways thinking family improves individual, family, and societal health | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Short Answer Chapter 5- Family Assessment MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following assessment measures would be most beneficial to complete with a 30-year-old female whose family has a history of breast cancer? 1. Ecogram 2. Ecomap 3. Genogram 4. Geographic information system ANS: 3 Feedback 1 An ecogram is a visual representation showing relationships, activities, and influences a person has in the family system; it does not focus on illness information. 2 An ecomap helps the nurse visualize the various activities and relationships of the family with the larger ecological environment; it does not focus on illness information. 3 Detailed illness information can be added to a genogram to create a family pedigree depicting transmission of such things as genetic conditions, familial conditions, and psychosocial patterns, such as chemical dependency and suicide. The genogram can be useful to aid early diagnosis, identification of risk factors for particular conditions, and to reveal potential prevention strategies. 4 Geographic information systems capture, store, analyze, and display referenced information about specific environmental concerns that are geographically and ecologically pertinent to families; they do not focus on illness information. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Explain ways that genograms, ecograms, and ecomaps can be used to assess family from an ecological point of view | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Choice 2. When is nursing assessment most complete? 1. When insight is gained through an assessment of individual needs before the needs of the family 2. When insight is gained through an assessment of the family needs before the needs of the individual 3. When insight is gained through an assessment of the needs of the individual and family simultaneously 4. When insight is gained through an individual-nurse-family relationship with consideration of the surrounding community ANS: 4 Rationale: Nursing assessment is most effective when nurses complete every assessment with ideas gained through an individual-nurse-family relationship enacted with consideration of the surrounding community. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Choice 3. The nurse is working with a client to identify the factors that cause risks or benefits to health. Which questions best reflect “thinking family” to help identify factors requiring further teaching? 1. “How many cigarettes a day do you smoke? Where do you usually smoke?” 2. “Do you enjoy taking long walks in the winter? How many times a week do you walk?” 3. “Do you prefer water aerobics over floor aerobics? How many times a week do you attend aerobics class?” 4. “How many family members do you have? What do you all do together?” ANS: 1 Feedback 1 “How many cigarettes a day do you smoke? Where do you usually smoke?” are questions about behaviors that pose a risk to the health of individuals, families, and communities. These questions best identify further teaching needs. 2 “Do you enjoy taking long walks in the winter? How many times a week do you walk?” are questions about behaviors that pose a benefit to the health of individuals, families, and communities. There is no need for teaching. 3 “Do you prefer water aerobics over floor aerobics? How many times a week do you attend aerobics class?” are questions about behaviors that pose a benefit to the health of individuals, families, and communities. There is no need for teaching. 4 “How many family members do you have? What do you all do together?” are questions about facts that pose no risk or benefit to the health of individuals, families, and communities. There is no need for teaching. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Choice 4. The nurse is working with the client to assess multiple family members’ involvement in his disease process. Which questions best fit this assessment? 1. “Are you married? How long have you been married?” 2. “Do you have children? How many children do you have?” 3. “What do you usually have for dinner? Do you sit down with your family for a meal?” 4. “What do you do for yourself? What do your family members do for you?” ANS: 4 Feedback 1 “Are you married? How long have you been married?” are direct questions asking specific information to determine the presence or absence of a spouse; they do not address family member involvement. It should not be assumed that if the person is married, the family members are involved in his care. 2 “Do you have children? How many children do you have?” are direct questions asking specific information to determine the presence or absence of children; they do not address family member involvement. It should not be assumed that if the person has children, they are involved in his care. 3 “What do you usually have for dinner? Do you sit down with your family for a meal?” are direct questions to obtain specific information related to the client and meals; they do not address family member involvement in the disease process. It should not be assumed that if a family shares meals together, the family members are involved in his care. 4 “What do you do for yourself? What do your family members do for you?” are open ended questions to obtain information about family member involvement in the client’s disease process. It is important to identify the degree of involvement of multiple members who may contribute to the health or well-being of individuals within families. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Choice 5. What can nurses learn when using geographic information system (GIS) databases? 1. Population trends and how to target population health interventions 2. Education trends and how to target community education 3. Transmission of inherited traits from one generation to another among similar or related organisms 4. Genes that regulate human susceptibility to viruses ANS: 1 Feedback 1 GIS databases can be successfully used to facilitate learning about population trends and how to target population health interventions. 2 GIS databases are not typically used to track education trends; they are useful in tracking population trends and how to target population health interventions. 3 GIS databases are not used to track transmission of inherited traits across generations or organisms; they are useful in learning about population trends and how to target population health interventions. 4 GIS databases are not used to learn about genes that regulate human susceptibility to viruses; they are used to track population trends and to target population health interventions. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Describe ways that computer-based geographic information systems can be used to understand family, community, and population health needs | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Choice 6. Identification of genetic patterns of inheritance is important not only for individuals and families, but also communities. Some autosomal recessive disorders are more commonly seen among which of the following groups? 1. Persons from different economic classes 2. Certain racial/ethnic groups 3. Certain age groups 4. Certain social networks ANS: 2 Some autosomal recessive disorders are more commonly seen among certain racial/ethnic groups such as hemochromatosis in Caucasians, and sickle cell disease in black Americans. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Recognize ways that genetics and genomics influence health, disease prevention, treatments, screening, and outcomes | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 7. When completing a family unit assessment, what would the nurse assess? 1. Family household information 2. Complaints of physical problems 3. The implications of individual differences between the family members 4. The implications of family members’ knowledge of the disease process ANS: 1 Feedback 1 The family household is the place where health and illness are produced and thus is an important focus for assessing the family as a unit. 2 Considering complaints of physical problems is a focus of individual assessment. 3 Looking at implications of individual differences between family members focuses the assessment on individuals rather than the family as a unit. 4 Looking at implications of family members’ knowledge of the disease process focuses the assessment on individuals rather than the family as a unit. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate between individual, family, and community assessment | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Choice 8. What is one way the nurse can maintain a broad-minded perspective when completing a family assessment? 1. By using the Family Functioning Framework. 2. By using the Family Health Model. 3. By using either the Family Functioning Framework or the Family Health Model. 4. Use of a model or framework is not necessary for a broad-minded and comprehensive approach to family assessment. ANS: 2 Feedback 1 Family functioning is only one aspect of a comprehensive family assessment. To maintain a broad-minded stance, the nurse uses a family nursing model, framework, or theory in its entirety. 2 Clarity of assessment benefits when the nurse takes a broad-minded perspective and considers multiple health determinants in any health situation at the individual, family, or community level. One way to maintain a broad-minded stance is to guide the nursing assessment in an organized way by using a family nursing model or theory or a family science model or theory, such as the Family Health Model. 3 Family functioning is only one aspect of a comprehensive family assessment. To maintain a broad-minded stance the nurse uses a family nursing model, framework, or theory in its entirety, such as the Family Health Model. 4 One way to maintain a broad-minded stance and to obtain a comprehensive assessment is to guide the nursing assessment in an organized way by using a family nursing model or theory or a family science model or theory, such as the Family Health Model. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate between individual, family, and community assessment | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Choice 9. Coordinated family care relies on ____ that provides an accurate picture of the ____. 1. Collection of information; actual living conditions 2. Cooperation of family members; family dynamics 3. The skill of the nurse; nurse-individual-family relationship 4. Assessment of family functioning; ways family members process information ANS: 1 Feedback 1 Coordinated family care relies upon collection of information about the family as a unit. Assessing the family household, including living conditions where health and illness occur, gives the nurse important information to plan care. 2 An assessment of family dynamics is obtained through a comprehensive assessment of the family as a unit; it is not obtained through the cooperation of family members in coordinating care. 3 The skill of the nurse is not applied to provide an accurate picture of the nurse-individual-family relationship, but to collect information about the family as a unit in order to plan care, and to develop the nurse-individual-family relationship. 4 Coordinated family care relies upon a comprehensive family assessment, not simply on assessment of family functioning. Family processes need to be assessed in addition to family functioning. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate between individual, family, and community assessment | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Choice MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Which of the following scenarios could result in greater continuity of care because of documentation by electronic health record? 1. A public health screening for hypertension 2. A 12-year-old female with an asthma flare-up during recess at school being seen by the school’s nurse 3. Walgreen’s nationwide flu shot clinics 4. An 89-year-old male dismissing home from a hospital with home-health care for assistance with dressing changes ANS: 1, 2, 3, 4 Rationale: All scenarios contain either intergenerational issues or connections between the individual and the family within the community that could be documented and referred to by a wide variety of providers for more effective long term treatment. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Response 2. What information does the geographic expansion of family-focused assessment to the community level provide the nurse? 1. Factors supporting health 2. Existing health disparities 3. Family health history 4. Risks to health 5. Historic migration patterns ANS: 1, 2, 4 Rationale: A broad snapshot of a community’s health strengths (factors supporting health) and weaknesses (health disparities) can be obtained from a “windshield survey” or a geographic information system (GIS). Risks to health can also be obtained from the geographic expansion of a family-focused assessment to the community level. A family history is obtained from assessment of the family, not the community. Historic migration patterns are obtained through genetic assessment, not community assessment. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Differentiate between individual, family, and community assessment | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Response 3. Geographic information system (GIS) databases can be used to highlight geo-spatial patterns of concern and resources to nurses providing care to which of the following clients? 1. Acutely ill patients 2. Chronically ill persons being hospitalized due to environmental-related symptoms 3. Families seeking out grocery stores with affordable fresh fruits and vegetables 4. Skilled-care patients in a residential facility 5. Community members involved in community planning of transportation routes ANS: 2, 3, 5 Rationale: The GIS can highlight geo-spatial patterns of concern that occur in residential living environments that might contribute to exacerbations of chronic illness. Nurses can search the map based on different attributes to look for family or community resources available that may help with health promotion, disease prevention, or management of illness. Thus, it can be used to identify grocery stores with affordable fruits and vegetables, or be helpful in planning transportation routes. It would not be useful for nurses providing care for acutely ill inpatients or skilled-care patients in hospitals or residential facilities. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Describe ways that computer-based geographic information systems can be used to understand family, community, and population health needs | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Response 4. Which of the following roles for nurses exist in the genomic era? 1. Individual and family counseling 2. Clinical care and education 3. Advocacy 4. Spiritual care 5. Research 6. Ethics ANS: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 Rationale: Individual and family counseling are roles for nurses in the genomic era. Clinical care and education are roles for nurses in the genomic era. Advocate is a role for nurses in the genomic era. Research roles exist for nurses involved in the genomic era. The area of ethics has roles for nurses involved in care based in genomics. Spiritual care is an important role for the nurse but it does not directly relate to genomics. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Recognize ways that genetics and genomics influence health, disease prevention, treatments, screening, and outcomes | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Knowledge | Question Type: Multiple Response 5. Which of the following would be an intended outcome of the use and maintenance of electronic personal and family health records? 1. Continuity in care 2. Improved family care planning 3. Enhanced public health 4. Identification of health risks based on geographic location ANS: 1, 2, 3 Rationale: Electronic records are one option to provide some form of an ongoing plan for some chronic conditions that identifies goals, strategies, supports, and outcomes linked with family unit needs and individual conditions, and that could be instrumental in family care planning to improve health outcomes and enhance public health. Identification of health risks based on geographic location is best obtained through geographic information system databases. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Comprehension | Question Type: Multiple Response 6. Which of the following are major ways that the family carries out its health-care functions? 1. Family provides preventative health care to its members at home 2. Family provides the major share of sick care to its members 3. Family pays for most health services received 4. Family has primary responsibility for initiating and coordinating health services ANS: 1, 2, 3, 4 Rationale: All scenarios reflect ways that the family carries out its health-care functions. PTS: 1 KEY: Content Area: Discuss assessment that includes the predictive and protective factors that influence the health and illness of individuals, families, communities, and populations | Integrated Process: Nursing Process | Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application | Question Type: Multiple Response