Summary - Applied Science

I BTEC Applied Science I Chemistry I Unit 2 I Coursework I Learning Aim A I Apinaya
Amuthalingham I Titration I

What is Titration?
Titration is a method to determine the concentration of an unknown solution using a known
solution.

Titration:-
Equipment:-
- Burette
- Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
- Conical Flask
- Sodium Hydroxide ( Na4OH ) - 10cm3
- Pipette
- Funnel
- Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution
- Syringe
- White Tile
- Clamp Stand
- Boss
Method:-
1. Using a syringe measuring 10cm3 of NaOH, pour the alkali solution ( NaOH ) into the
conical flask.
2. Add three drops of phenolphthalein to the 10cm3 Na4OH.
3. Fix the burette on the boss - that’s fixed on the clamp stand .
4. Using a funnel - at eye level - fill the burette to the top ( to 0 ), with Hydrochloric Acid.
5. Note the initial start volume reading.
6. Place the conical flask on a white tile, under the burette, and add acid drops till the
indicator changes pink to a colourless solution.
7. Note the final reading.
8. Repeat these steps until you run two more results within + 0.1cm3 of each other.




Figure 1: Titration Diagram ( REF )



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,Risk Assessment - Titration :-
Overall, the risk assessment statement is LOW.
Risk Why Is It A Risk? Grade ( Low , How Can You
Medium , High ) Prevent It?

Glassware ● Easily can Low ● Carefully
get cut from handle
broken glass. glassware,
● Glass can during
expand from experiments.
chemical ● Handle
reactions chemicals in
producing glass fragile.
heat. ● Emergency
● Broken glass
Action : If
can pierce
through skin. broken glass
pierced
through skin -
go to the
hospital and
consult a
doctor.
● Clear/clean
broken glass
of the bench
or floor.

Na2CO3 - Solution ● Causes eye Low ● Wear eye
irritation. protection -
(REF) ● Can be goggles.
spilled on the ● Emergency
bench or
Action : Wash
floor.
the eye
gently with
running tap
water for
about 10
minutes.
● Wipe down
the bench
with a wet
cloth.

HCl ● Causes skin Low ● Wear eye
( REF ) burns/ protection -
irritation. goggles.
● Causes eye ● Wear
damage/ protective
irritation. gloves, avoid
skin burns/
irritation.
● Emergency



2

, Action : Wash
the eye
gently with
running tap
water for
about 10
minutes.
● Emergency
Action : Wash
the
contaminated
area of the
skin with
plenty of
water,
immediately;
until the
burning/
irritating
sensation
stops. If
blistering or
the skin is
affected then
consult a
doctor.

Phenolphthalein ● Toxic if Low ● Wear eye
Indicator Solution swallowed protection -
( REF ) ● Causes eye goggles.
damage/ ● Wear
irritation. protective
● Causes skin gloves.
burns/ ● Emergency
irritation.
Action : Wash
eyes gently
with running
tap water,
about ten
minutes.




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, What is Calibration?
Calibration is the process of adjusting or correcting the graduations of a measuring device,
even when comparing the known standard value of the measuring device.

Calibrating A Pipette Filler:-
Equipment:-
- 2x Small Beakers
- Water
- Weighing Scale
- Pipette - 25cm3
- Pipette Filler

Method:-
1. Note the expected mass - 25g.
2. Fill one of the empty small beakers with water.
3. Turn on the weighing scale, place the other empty beaker on top and press TARE, so
the scale is set to zero.
4. Afterwards join the pipette filler at the closed end of the pipette, make sure it’s tight.
5. Place the pipette into the half full beaker, and fill the pipette with water up to 250 ml
(25cm3).
6. Place the filled pipette into the empty beaker and fill the beaker with the 250ml water.
7. Note the actual mass and calculate the difference between the expected and actual
mass.
8. Repeat this experiment about ten times.




Figure 2 - Pipette Filler and Volumetric Pipette ( REF )




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