Anatomy And Physiology 7th Edition By PattonThibodeau - Test Bank

Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition Chapter 3: Anatomy of Cells Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. Mature cells that comprise the human body are highly specialized and complex. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 67 TOP: Functional Anatomy of Cells 2. An important function of the cell membrane is the maintenance of cell integrity. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cell Membrane 3. Peroxisomes contain enzymes that detoxify harmful substances. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Peroxisomes 4. The outer portion of the cell membrane is hydrophobic, or water-loving. Page 76 ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 5. Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum are responsible for making proteins to be exported out of the cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Rough ER 6. The functions of the nucleus are regulated by RNA. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Nucleus REF: Page 73 REF: Page 78 7. The major direct cell connections are tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-2 ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 8. Tight junctions do not allow molecules to spread through the cracks between cells. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 | Page 84 TOP: Cell Connections 9. Gap junctions are found in the small intestine. They allow molecules to flow between cells. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 10. The number of mitochondria in a cell is basically related to its degree of activity. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 11. The cell’s internal supporting framework is called the cytoskeleton. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 79 TOP: Cytoskeleton 12. The size of a cell’s nucleolus is indirectly related to the amount of protein the cell produces. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus 13. Heart muscle cells are joined by gap junctions to facilitate the movement of electrical impulses. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 14. Cell connections called desmosomes are like Velcro holding cells together. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 TOP: Cell Connections 15. Cilia are longer and more numerous than flagella. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-3 ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Extensions 16. Nucleic acid is DNA. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Nucleus 17. The thinnest cell fibers are tiny, hollow tubes called microtubules. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 REF: Page 78 REF: Page 79 | Page 80 18. The plasma membrane can be described as a double layer of phospholipid molecules. TOP: Cell Fibers ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 70 TOP: 19. Generally, the more active a cell is, the fewer mitochondria it will contain. Cell Membrane ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 20. Light microscopy is inferior to electron microscopy. ANS: T DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 80 (Figure 3-15) TOP: Cell Fibers 21. The “typical” cell described in Chapter 3 is very similar to most of the cells in the human body. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: The Typical Cell 22. The watery fluid in the cell is called cytosol. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cell Structures 23. Water-soluble substances easily pass through the cell membrane. Page 68 ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-4 TOP: Cell Membrane 24. Glycoproteins on the cell membrane would prevent someone with type A blood from accepting type B blood. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 25. Rough endoplasmic reticulum looks rough because there are mitochondria attached to it. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 73 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 26. Proteins in the cell membrane can control the movement of material through the cell membrane. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 27. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the organelle that supplies membrane material for use throughout the cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 28. Ribosomes are only found attached to endoplasmic reticulum. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Ribosomes 29. The main function of the ribosome is to provide energy to the cell. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Ribosomes 30. The Golgi apparatus helps to prepare material for export from the cell. Page 74 Page 74 Page 74 ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 31. The protein-processing units of the Golgi apparatus are called cisterna. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-5 ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 32. In certain situations, cells “commit suicide.” This function would be carried out by the lysosomes. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 76 33. The catalase in the peroxisomes reacts to detoxify carbon dioxide. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Peroxisomes 34. The inner folds of the mitochondria are called cisterna. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Lysosomes REF: Page 77 REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 35. It is likely that a muscle cell would have more mitochondria than a fat cell. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 36. One of the main functions of the mitochondria is to supply the cell with ATP. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Mitochondria 37. The name nucleus comes from the Greek word for color. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Nucleus 38. Chromosomes and chromatin are both forms of DNA. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 78 39. Muscles contain a high concentration of microtubules. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 80 REF: Page 77 REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus TOP: Cell Fibers Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-6 40. The body of a female does not produce cells with flagella. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 83 41. Schleiden and Schwann were the first scientists to see cells. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Introduction 42. The largest human cell is the female ovum or egg cell. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Functional Anatomy of Cells 43. Another term for cytosol is intracellular fluid. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Structures TOP: Cell Extensions REF: Page 67 REF: Page 67 REF: Page 69 44. The fluid mosaic model describes the chromatin material found in the nucleus. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 45. One function of the smooth ER is to help maintain a low Ca++ concentration in the cell’s interior. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 46. A major part of ribosomes is deoxyribonucleic acid. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Ribosomes 47. The proteasomes contain enzymes that assist in protein synthesis. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Proteasomes REF: Page 74 REF: Page 74 REF: Page 76 48. Proteasomes only destroy abnormal or misfolded proteins in the cell. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-7 ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 49. Small proteins called ubiquitins assist the proteasomes in accomplishing their function. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 TOP: Proteasomes 50. An organelle called a vault, composed of RNA and protein, functions to shuttle molecules to and from the nucleus. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Vaults 51. An angstrom is larger than a nanometer. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 (Table 3-1) TOP: REF: Page 79 (Box 3-2) Units of Size 52. Two types of lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol, are important molecules in the cell membrane. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane 53. Rafts are stiff groupings of membrane molecules that are rich in cholesterol. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 TOP: Membrane Structure 54. Hormones attach to special cholesterol molecules in the cell membrane. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 72 TOP: Membrane Function 55. Three ribosomal subunits must come together to form a functioning ribosome. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-8 56. Many ribosomes can work on the same mRNA strand at the same time; when this occurs, the structure is called a polyribosome. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 57. A complete ribosome only exists when it is making a protein. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 58. In order for the Golgi apparatus to function correctly, both the ribosomes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum must be functioning also. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 74 | Page 75 TOP: Golgi Apparatus 59. Muscular dystrophy is a disease condition that can be linked to the malfunctioning of proteasomes. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Proteasomes 60. The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Mitochondria REF: Page 76 REF: Page 77 61. Another name for the centrosome is the microtubule organizing center. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 80 TOP: Centrosomes 62. The centriole is a single cylindrical structure at the boundary of the centrosome. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 TOP: Centrosomes 63. Small protein structures called molecular motors pull loads form one part of the cell to another along the cytoskeleton. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 64. 65. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 | Page 82 TOP: Molecular Motors All of the cell extensions—microvilli, cilia, and flagella—have basically the same structure. They only differ in number per cell and length. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions Primary cilia are unable to move because they lack the central pair of microtubules and motor molecules. 1. 2. Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells? A. Gland cells B. Immune cells C. Nerve cells 3. Main cell structures include all of the following except: A. organelles. B. plasma membrane. C. blood plasma. D. cytoplasm. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-9 ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Extensions MULTIPLE CHOICE The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is a(n): A. atom. B. cell. C. gene. REF: Page 82 | Page 83 D. DNA molecule. ANS: B DIF: TOP: Introduction Memorization REF: Page 67 D. Red blood cells ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 (Table 3-2) TOP: Examples of Cell Types 4. 5. The structure in white blood cells associated with the enzymatic breakdown of foreign material is 6. The major function of ribosomes is to synthesize: A. proteins. B. carbohydrates. C. fats. 7. The organelles that can digest and destroy microbes that invade the cell are: A. peroxisomes. B. mitochondria. C. ribosomes. 8. Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-10 ANS: C DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Structures Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane? A. Self-identification B. Receptor site for messages C. Selective barrier D. Control center of the cell ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Some Major Cell Structures and Their Functions REF: Page 69 the: A. lysosome. B. Golgi apparatus. C. ribosome. D. centriole. ANS: A DIF: TOP: Lysosomes Memorization REF: Page 76 D. cholesterol. ANS: A TOP: Ribosomes DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 D. lysosomes. ANS: D TOP: Lysosomes DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 9. Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are: A. cilia. B. flagella. C. microvilli. D. microtubules. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Extensions Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: A. microfilaments. B. chromatin. C. nucleotides. 10. 11. Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: A. gap junctions. B. desmosomes. C. tight junctions. D. adhesions. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Connections The major energy production site of the cell is the: A. Golgi apparatus. B. mitochondrion. C. endoplasmic reticulum. D. ribosome. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Mitochondria 12. Test Bank 3-11 A. Nucleolus B. Ribosome C. Mitochondrion D. Golgi apparatus ANS: D TOP: Golgi Apparatus D. microtubules. ANS: B TOP: Nucleus DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 DIF: Memorization REF: Page 74 REF: Page 77 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 82 | Page 83 REF: Page 83 13. The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is: A. cilia. B. flagella. C. microvilli. 14. A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: A. flagellum. B. cilium. C. microvillus. D. microtubule. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Extensions DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? A. Lysosome B. Ribosome C. Chromosome 15. 16. An area of cytoplasm that coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules is called: A. cytoplasm A. B. mitochondria. C. centrosome. 17. The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: A. Golgi apparatus. B. plasma membrane. C. cytoplasm. D. centrosome. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-12 D. desmosomes. ANS: A DIF: Application TOP: Cell Extensions REF: Page 82 | Page 83 D. Nucleus ANS: D TOP: Nucleus DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 D. ribosomes. ANS: C DIF: TOP: Centrosome Memorization REF: Page 80 REF: Page 83 18. 19. Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: A. mitochondria. B. caveola. C. cisternae. 20. The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. A. centrosome B. cytoskeleton C. centriole 21. 22. Each of the following is an example of the plasma membrane function except: A. boundary. B. self-identification. C. receptor sites. D. production of proteins. ANS: D DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane Which of the following is a functional characteristic of ribosomes? A. Manufacture of mRNA B. Protein synthesis C. DNA replication Test Bank 3-13 ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Membrane A cell’s digestive system is the: A. mitochondria. B. cilia. C. peroxisomes. REF: Page 70 D. lysosomes. ANS: D TOP: Lysosomes DIF: Memorization REF: Page 76 D. vesicles. ANS: B TOP: Caveolae DIF: Memorization REF: Page 71 (Box 3-1) D. ribosome ANS: A DIF: TOP: Centrosome Memorization REF: Page 80 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 23. 24. Page 77 TOP: Mitochondria 25. 26. In nondividing cells, DNA appears as threads that are referred to as: A. chromatin. B. chromosomes. C. histones. 27. The largest human cell, measuring about 150 μm, is a: A. white blood cell. B. female sex cell or ovum. C. liver cell. Test Bank 3-14 D. Housing of DNA ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Ribosomes ATP production occurs within which organelle? A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi apparatus C. Flagellum D. Mitochondrion ANS: D DIF: Application REF: REF: Page 74 Preparation of protein molecules for cellular exportation is the function of which of the following organelles? A. Golgi apparatus B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum D. Mitochondria ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 74 TOP: Golgi Apparatus D. none of the above. ANS: A DIF: Application The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: A. mRNA. B. rRNA. C. tRNA. REF: Page 78 TOP: Nucleus D. DNA. ANS: B TOP: Nucleus DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 28. 29. 30. In the cell membrane, the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule: A. faces the exterior of the cell. B. faces the interior of the cell. C. is in the center of the phospholipid bilayer. D. is both A and B. ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page 70 TOP: In the cell membrane, the hydrophobic part of the phospholipid molecule: A. faces the exterior of the cell. B. faces the interior of the cell. C. is in the center of the phospholipid bilayer. Cell Membrane 31. The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: A. cholesterol molecules. B. phospholipid molecules. C. glycoprotein molecules. D. channel proteins. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. Provide a site for ribosome attachment B. Supply membrane for use throughout the cell C. Make steroid hormones 32. Test Bank 3-15 D. male sex cell or sperm. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 67 TOP: Introduction D. is both A and B. ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 70 TOP: Cell Membrane The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? A. Cholesterol B. Protein C. Phospholipids D. Glycoproteins ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Membrane REF: Page 70 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 33. 34. D. Make glycoproteins ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 73 | Page 74 TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? A. Make protein B. Composed of a large and small unit C. Surrounded by a membrane structure D. Made of RNA ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 74 TOP: Ribosomes 35. 36. Which of the following statements does not describe the nucleolus? A. It is found in the nucleus. B. It has a membrane similar to the nucleus. C. It is made of nucleic acids. 37. Test Bank 3-16 The membranous structure containing substances that protect the cell from harm are: A. ribosomes. B. lysosomes. C. peroxisomes. D. both B and C. ANS: D DIF: Application TOP: Lysosomes and Peroxisomes REF: Page 76 | Page 77 D. All of the above are true about the nucleolus. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 78 A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: A. microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments. B. microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments. C. microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules. D. microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments. ANS: C DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Fibers The cell extension that contains microfilaments is: A. microvilli. B. flagella. C. cilia. TOP: Nucleus REF: Page 79 | Page 80 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 38. D. All cell extensions contain microfilaments. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 TOP: Cell Extensions Which of the following organelles is considered a membranous organelle? A. Lysosome B. Ribosome C. Nucleolus D. Both A and B ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Some Major Cell Structures and Their Functions Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? A. Golgi apparatus B. Ribosome C. Mitochondria D. Both A and B ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Some Major Cell Structures and Their Functions The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: A. receptor proteins. B. glycoproteins. C. rafts in the cell membrane. D. phospholipid bilayer. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 70 | Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane Which structures in the cell membrane are a stiff grouping of membrane molecules that are rich in cholesterol? A. Glycoproteins B. Rafts C. Phospholipids D. Receptor proteins 39. 40. 41. Test Bank 3-17 Memorization Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. ANS: B DIF: TOP: Membrane Structure REF: Page 71 42. Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. It makes lipids and carbohydrates. B. It is made of broad flattened sacs. C. It has many ribosomes attached to it. 43. 44. Which of the following structures contains DNA? A. Nucleus B. Mitochondria C. Ribosome D. Both A and B ANS: D DIF: Application REF: TOP: Mitochondria and Nucleus 45. Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? A. Energy production B. Protein synthesis C. Cell division D. Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page 80 | Page 81 TOP: Centrosomes Which cell extension lacks a central pair of microtubules, is not found in blood cells, and functions in the kidney to monitor urine flow? A. Microvilli B. Primary cilium 46. Test Bank 3-18 D. All of the above are true of rough endoplasmic reticulum. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum The enzyme is an important chemical in the functioning of the: A. mitochondria. B. proteasomes. C. peroxisomes. REF: Page 73 D. lysosomes. ANS: C DIF: TOP: Peroxisomes Memorization REF: Page 76 | Page 77 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Page 77 | Page 78 Test Bank 3-19 C. Cilia D. Flagella ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Extensions MATCHING REF: Page 82 | Page 83 Match each cell structure with its corresponding description or function. A. plasma membrane B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. Golgi apparatus D. nucleolus E. nucleus F. ribosome G. lysosome H. mitochondria I. peroxisomes J. rough endoplasmic reticulum K. proteasomes 1. tubular network in the cell with no ribosomes that synthesize lipids and carbohydrates 2. outer boundary of the cell made up of phospholipids and proteins 3. functions in processing and packaging of protein molecules to be exported from the cell 4. protein factory made up of two subunits 5. structure in the cell nucleus that makes ribosomes 6. major source of ATP synthesis, the “power house” of the cell 7. vesicles or sacs in the cell that can destroy large molecules or even the cell itself 8. vesicles that contain catalase that are important in metabolic reactions involving hydrogen peroxide 9. structures that destroy improperly folded protein molecules that could possibly harm the cell 10. one of the largest structures in the cell, contains DNA 11. broad flattened sacs that extend from the nucleus and have ribosomes attached to them 1. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum 2. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Cell Membrane 3. ANS: C DIF: Memorization TOP: Golgi Apparatus REF: Page 73 | Page 74 REF: Page 70 | Page 71 REF: Page 74 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-20 Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Match each term to the phrase that describes it best. A. microtubules B. intermediate filaments C. microfilaments D. centrosomes E. cilia F. flagella G. microvilli H. desmosomes I. tight junctions J. gap junctions K. primary cilium L. centrioles REF: Page 74 REF: Page 78 REF: Page 77 REF: Page 76 REF: Page 76 | Page 77 REF: Page 76 REF: Page 78 REF: Page 73 4. ANS: TOP: Ribosomes 5. ANS: TOP: Nucleus 7. ANS: TOP: Lysosomes F DIF: D DIF: 6. ANS: TOP: Mitochondria H DIF: G DIF: 8. ANS: TOP: Peroxisomes I DIF: 9. ANS: TOP: Proteasomes 10. ANS: TOP: Nucleus K DIF: E DIF: 11. ANS: TOP: Endoplasmic Reticulum J DIF: 12. cell fiber that can be found in muscle cells 13. cell extension that is found on the sperm cell 14. cell connections that are like small “spot welds” 15. cell extension that increases surface area for more efficient absorption 16. largest of the cell fibers; act like “engines” for the cell 17. microtubule organizing centers that also play a role in cell division 18. cell connections that form tunnels between cells and are found in heart muscles 19. cell fibers that are slightly thicker than microfilaments 20. cell extensions that are shorter than flagella and are found lining the respiratory tract Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-21 21. cell connection that forms a “collar” around groups of cells 22. tiny cylinders that can be found near the boundaries of the centrosomes 23. cell extension that lacks the center pair of microtubules and can function as sensory organelles; Page 80 Page 83 Page 83 Page 82 Page 80 Page 80 Page 83 Page 80 Page 82 | Page 83 Page 83 | Page 84 Page 81 Page 82 | Page 83 not found in blood cells, but most other cells have them 12. ANS: TOP: Cell Fibers Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: C DIF: 13. ANS: TOP: Cell Extensions F DIF: 14. ANS: TOP: Cell Connections 16. ANS: TOP: Cell Fibers 17. ANS: TOP: Centrosome H DIF: 15. ANS: TOP: Cell Extensions G DIF: A DIF: D DIF: 18. ANS: TOP: Cell Connections 19. ANS: TOP: Cell Fibers J DIF: B DIF: 20. ANS: TOP: Cell Extensions E DIF: 21. ANS: TOP: Cell Connections I DIF: 22. ANS: TOP: Centrosomes L DIF: 23. ANS: TOP: Cell Extensions K DIF: SHORT ANSWER 1. Describe the structure of the cell membrane model. ANS: Answers will vary. and explain what is meant by the fluid mosaic DIF: Application REF: Page 70 | Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-22 2. Explain the functions of the cell membrane. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Application REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 3. Explain what structure on the cell membrane makes it difficult to transplant an organ from one person into another. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 72 TOP: Cell Membrane 4. Name and give the functions of the membranous organelles of the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: The Typical Cell 5. Name and give the functions of the nonmembranous organelles of the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: The Typical Cell 6. Name and explain the function of the three types of cell fibers in the cell. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 79 | Page 80 TOP: Cell Fibers Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-23 7. What is the function of the centrosome and by what other name is it known? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 80 | Page 81 TOP: Centrosome 8. What are molecular motors and what is their function in the cell? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 81 | Page 82 TOP: Molecular Motors 9. Explain the structure and function of the microvilli. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 TOP: Cell Extensions 10. Explain the structure and function of cilia and flagella. What is the only type of human cell that has a flagella? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions 11. Explain the structure and function of the primary cilium in the cell. Which cell type does not have a primary cilium? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 82 | Page 83 TOP: Cell Extensions Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-24 12. Describe the structure and function of the nucleus. Include the structure and function of the nucleolus. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 78 13. Name and describe the three types of cell connections. ANS: Answers will vary. TOP: Nucleus DIF: Memorization REF: Page 83 | Page 84 TOP: Cell Connections OTHER 1. Challenge: Joanne, a 75-year-old patient, has an active peptic ulcer. Describe the cellular organelles involved in synthesizing digestive enzymes for the stomach. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 69 (Table 3-3) TOP: Cytoplasm and Organelles 2. Challenge: Rebecca received a second-degree sunburn and was very uncomfortable for several days. Her skin began to heal and some of the epithelial tissue began to peel off in layers. Explain the cell connections that allow the skin cells to hold on to each other in a sheet. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 83 | Page 84 TOP: Cell Connections 3. Challenge: Explain the process by which a protein is processed in preparation for being released by the cell, starting at the ribosome and ending at the cell membrane. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 3-25 ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 74 | Page 75 TOP: Golgi Apparatus Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition Chapter 8: Skeletal System Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. The adult skeleton consists of 206 separate bones. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Skeletal System Introduction REF: Page 216 2. The term margin, as it relates to bone markings, means a tubelike opening or channel. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton 3. Bones of the appendicular skeleton form the brain case and vertebral column. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 216 TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton 4. The upper extremities and the lower extremities are subdivisions of the axial skeleton. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton 5. Mastoiditis, if untreated, may lead to inflammation of the brain or of its coverings. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 TOP: Mastoiditis 6. The two maxillae together serve as the keystone in the architecture of the face. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Facial Bones 7. The lacrimal bones contain openings for the tear ducts. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank ANS: T DIF: Application 8. The vomer forms part of the hard palate. ANS: F DIF: Application 9. Fontanels are immovable joints between skull bones. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 234 TOP: The Fetal Skull 10. The hyoid is unique in that it is the only bone in the body that any other bone. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Hyoid Bone 11. The five sacral vertebrae remain separate until about 40 years fuse to form one wedge-shaped bone. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Vertebral Column 8-2 Facial Bones Facial Bones 12. Damage to the cribriform plate may also injure the olfactory nerves and cause a loss of the sense of smell. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 232 (Box 8-1) TOP: The Cribriform Plate 13. The mandible and the temporal bone form the only movable joint within the structure of the face. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Facial Bones 14. The lacrimal bone contains grooves for the paranasal sinuses. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 232 REF: Page 232 TOP: Facial Bones 15. An immovable joint in the skull is called a fontanel. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 232 TOP: TOP: REF: Page 232 | Page 235 does not form a joint with REF: Page 235 of age; at that point they REF: Page 237 Test Bank 8-3 ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) TOP: Facial Bones 16. The blunt, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum is called the xiphoid process. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 240 TOP: Sternum 17. There are five pairs of false ribs. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 240 TOP: Ribs 18. The shoulder girdle consists of the sternum, the clavicle, and the scapula. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 242 TOP: Extremity 19. All shoulder movements involve the sternoclavicular joint. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Upper Extremity 20. Costal cartilages provide cushions between the bodies of vertebrae. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 240 (Table 8-6) TOP: Sternum Upper Page 242 21. The tubercle of each rib articulates with the vertebra’s body. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 240 22. There are 12 pairs of ribs. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Ribs 23. The floating ribs do not articulate with any other bones. TOP: Ribs REF: Page 240 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-4 ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Ribs 24. The shoulder girdle consists of only the scapula and the clavicle. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity 25. The humerus articulates proximally with the clavicle. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity REF: Page 240 REF: Page 242 REF: Page 243 26. Palpable bony landmarks are bones that can be touched and identified through the skin. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 251 (Box 8-2) TOP: Palpable Bone Landmarks 27. The only bone of the wrist that is evident from the outside is the lunate. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 246 Extremity 28. Before childbirth, the symphysis pubis softens. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 247 Extremity 30. The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity TOP: Upper REF: Page 247 29. The largest of the bones making up the innominate bone is the ischium. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity 31. One similarity between the structures of the foot and hand is the equivalent degrees of movement of both the thumb and the big toe. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. TOP: Lower REF: Page 249 Test Bank 8-5 ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 251 TOP: Lower Extremity 32. Young children’s bones have a greater risk of fracturing because of incompletely ossified bone. ANS: F DIF: Application REF: Page 254 TOP: Cycle of Life: Skeletal System 33. Normal curvature of the spine is convex through the thoracic region and concave through the cervical and lumbar regions. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Mechanisms of Disease 34. Kyphosis is often seen during pregnancy. ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 258 TOP: Mechanisms of Disease 35. The number of bones in the skeleton is constant from person to person. Page 257 ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 216 TOP: Introduction 36. There are more bones in the appendicular skeleton than in the axial skeleton. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 216 TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton 37. Infectious material can accumulate in the air space within the mastoid bone because it does not drain into the nose like other sinuses. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 TOP: Mastoiditis 38. The skull contains more than 25 bones. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-6 TOP: Skull 39. The face contains more bones than the cranium. ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Skull 40. Most of the facial bones are single (unpaired) bones. suture. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Cranial Bones 42. The cribriform plate is part of the sphenoid bone. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 (Box 8-1) TOP: The Cribriform Plate 43. Turbinates is another name for the inferior nasal conchae. REF: Page 224 REF: Page 224 41. The joint connecting the two parietal bones and the frontal bone is called the coronal ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Skull ANS: T DIF: REF: Page 231 (Figure 8-9) Memorization TOP: Facial Bones 44. The sagittal suture joins the right and left parietal bones. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) TOP: Cranial Bones 45. The dens is found on the first cervical vertebra, or atlas. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Vertebral Column 46. The dens is found on the second cervical vertebra, or axis. REF: Page 237 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Page 230 Test Bank 8-7 ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 237 TOP: Vertebral Column 47. Vertebroplasty is a procedure in which a type of “super glue” is injected help heal broken vertebral bodies. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 (Box 8-3) TOP: Vertebroplasty 48. The number of thoracic vertebra is the same as the number of ribs. ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page 239 | Page 241 TOP: Vertebral Column | Ribs 49. Floating ribs attach to neither the sternum nor the vertebral column. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Ribs 50. The joint between the scapula and ribs is a fibrocartilage joint. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Upper Extremity 51. The olecranon and coronoid fossae are markings of the scapula. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 244 (Table 8-7) TOP: Upper Extremity 52. Only the radius has a direct articulation with the bones of the wrist. into the spine to ANS: T DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity 53. The wrist consists of six irregular carpal bones. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity REF: Page 243 REF: Page 246 54. The lesser trochanter is a marking of the tibia. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Page 240 Page 242 Test Bank 8-8 ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity 55. Both the tibia and fibula articulate with the femur. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 249 REF: Page 249 REF: Page 249 TOP: 56. When Lower Extremity the knee is flexed, the patella can be easily distinguished. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: 57. There Lower Extremity are two arches of the foot—one lengthwise and one crosswise. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 251 TOP: 58. An open fracture is also known as a compound fracture. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 TOP: Mechanisms of Disease 59. A dentate fracture involves the mandible or maxilla and results in tooth loss. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 TOP: Mechanisms of Disease 60. The parietal bone is involved in three sutures—the lambdoidal, the squamous, and the coronal. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 230 TOP: Cranial Bones 61. The bones of the skull form only sutures (immovable joints), not movable joints. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Cranial Bones Lower Extremity Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-9 62. Although the mandible seems to be one bone, it is the result of a fusion of two bones in infancy. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Facial Bones 63. The term “blowout fracture” refers to a serious injury to the knee joint. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Eye Orbits 64. The vomer bone forms immovable joints with four other bones—the sphenoid, the palatine, the ethmoid, and the frontal. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Eye Orbits 65. False ribs attach only to the thoracic vertebrae. ANS: F DIF: Memorization TOP: Ribs REF: Page 232 REF: Page 240 66. The two bones of the lower arm are the ulna and radius, and the two bones of the lower leg are the tibia and fibula. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 243 | Page 249 TOP: Upper Extremity | Lower Extremity 67. The frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones are all considered cranial bones. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 230 | Page 231 TOP: Cranial Bones 68. The maxilla is the largest and strongest bone of the face. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Facial Bones 69. The cheek is shaped by the zygomatic bone underlying it. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 70. 71. 72. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 232 TOP: Facial Bones The thumb has one fewer phalange than the other fingers. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 246 (Figure 8-20) TOP: Upper Extremity In the male, the subpubic angle is wider than it is in the female. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 253 | Page 254 TOP: Skeletal Differences in Men and Women In the female, the coccyx is more movable than it is in the male. 1. 2. 3. The axial skeleton consists of: Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-10 ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page 254 (Table 8-9) TOP: Women MULTIPLE CHOICE Which is not a part of the axial skeleton? A. Rib B. Vertebral column C. Mandible D. Clavicle ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: Which is not a part of the appendicular skeleton? A. Coxal bones B. Parietal bones C. Radius D. Clavicle ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: Skeletal Differences in Men and Divisions of the Skeleton Divisions of the Skeleton 4. The appendicular skeleton consists of: A. 102 bones. B. 118 bones. C. 126 bones. D. 137 bones. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) 5. The term sinus, as it relates to bone markings, may be defined as a: A. raised area or projection. B. cavity within a bone. C. tubelike opening or channel. 6. 7. Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? A. Scapula B. Vertebra C. Parietal D. Mandible Test Bank 8-11 A. 60 bones. B. 68 bones. C. 74 bones. D. 80 bones. ANS: D REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton D. groove or elongated depression. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) Which bone is a part of the axial skeleton? A. Rib B. Clavicle C. Radius D. Coxal bones ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton DIF: Memorization ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton Divisions of the Skeleton Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 8. Which suture is between the occipital and parietal bones? A. Squamous B. Lambdoidal C. Sagittal 9. Mastoiditis is the inflammation of a sinus within which bone(s)? A. Maxillae B. Frontal C. Sphenoid 10. Which skull bone articulates with the first vertebra? A. Temporal B. Occipital C. Sphenoid 11. The upper parts of the nasal septum and the side walls of the nasal cavity are formed by 12. Which of the following is a true statement? A. The ethmoid is a flat bone that lies anterior to the sphenoid. B. The ethmoid is an irregular bone that lies posterior to the sphenoid but anterior to the nasal bones. C. The ethmoid is an irregular bone that lies anterior to the sphenoid but posterior Test Bank 8-12 D. Coronal ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) TOP: Cranial Bones D. Temporal ANS: D TOP: Mastoiditis DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 D. Ethmoid ANS: B DIF: TOP: Cranial Bones Memorization REF: Page 230 which bone(s)? A. Nasal B. Sphenoid C. Ethmoid D. Maxillae ANS: B DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 231 TOP: Cranial Bones Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 13. to the nasal bones. D. The ethmoid is a short bone that lies anterior to the nasal bones. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 231 TOP: Cranial Bones Which of the following bones does not articulate with the maxillae? A. Palatine B. Mandible C. Inferior concha 14. If the cribriform plate is damaged, there is a chance of: A. infectious materials passing from the ear to the brain. B. food passing from the mouth into the nose. C. difficulty chewing. D. infectious materials passing from the nose to the brain. 15. 16. 17. The skeletal framework of the neck consists of: Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-13 D. Zygomatic ANS: B DIF: TOP: Facial Bones Memorization REF: Page 232 ANS: D DIF: Application REF: TOP: The Cribriform Plate A fontanel can best be described as a(n): A. bone in the skull. B. unossified area in the infant’s skull. C. articulation between two skull bones. D. small opening. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: The Fetal Skull The upper part of the sternum is called the: A. costal cartilage. B. xiphoid process. C. body. Page 232 (Box 8-1) D. manubrium. ANS: D DIF: TOP: Sternum Memorization REF: Page 240 REF: Page 234 18. The number of thoracic vertebrae is: A. 5. B. 7. C. 10. D. 12. ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Vertebral Column 19. All vertebrae except the sacrum and coccyx have a central opening called the: A. spinous process. B. vertebral foramen. C. dens. D. transverse process. ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 237 TOP: Vertebral Column The thoracic cage (the thorax) includes all of the following bones except: A. the scapula. B. 12 pairs of ribs. C. the vertebral column. 20. 21. D. the sternum. ANS: A DIF: Synthesis REF: The layman’s name for the clavicle is the: A. collarbone. B. kneecap. C. shinbone. D. elbow. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 243 (Table 8-7) TOP: Page 240 TOP: Ribs Test Bank 8-14 A. lumbar vertebrae. B. thoracic vertebrae. C. sacral vertebrae. D. cervical vertebrae. ANS: D DIF: TOP: Vertebral Column Memorization REF: Page 237 Upper Extremity Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 237 22. The trochlea and capitulum can be described as: A. markings on the scapula. B. parts of the proximal end of the ulna. C. distal portions of the humerus. D. metacarpal bones. ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Extremity 23. The human hand has greater dexterity than the forepaw of any animal because of the 24. The ulna articulates proximally with the: A. carpal bones. B. humerus. C. scapula. D. none of the above. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity Metacarpal bones form the framework of the: A. wrist. B. hand. C. ankle. D. foot. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity The pisiform bone can be found in the: A. wrist. B. ankle. C. neck. 25. 26. Test Bank 8-15 freely movable joint of the: A. elbow. B. shoulder. C. wrist. D. thumb. ANS: D Extremity DIF: Application REF: Page 246 TOP: Upper D. skull. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Page 243 TOP: Upper REF: Page 243 REF: Page 246 27. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 246 TOP: Upper Extremity The structure above the pelvic inlet, which is bordered by muscle in the front and bone 28. 29. During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the: A. pelvic outlet. B. symphysis pubis. C. pelvic brim. 30. The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the: A. tibia. B. fibula. C. coxal. D. femur. ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity 31. A person with a fractured patella would expect discomfort in the: A. elbow. Test Bank 8-16 along the sides and back, is called the: A. pelvic brim. B. false pelvis. C. pelvic girdle. D. true pelvis. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity The anterior of the pelvic girdle is formed by the: A. sacrum. B. ilium. C. ischium. REF: Page 247 D. pubis. ANS: D Extremity DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 247 TOP: Lower D. ilium. ANS: A DIF: Extremity Synthesis REF: Page 247 TOP: Lower Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 249 32. Which of the following is not a tarsal bone? A. Cuneiform B. Navicular C. Scaphoid D. Talus ANS: C DIF: Application REF: TOP: Lower Extremity 33. Which of the following is not true? A. The pubic arch in the male is less than a 90-degree angle. B. The female facial area is more pronounced than that of the male. C. The iliac crest is more flared in the female than in the male. D. The male pelvic cavity is more narrow than that of the female. ANS: B DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 254 (Table 8-9) TOP: Skeletal Differences in Men and Women A hunchback appearance of the thoracic region is probably caused by: A. lordosis. B. scoliosis. C. kyphosis. 34. 35. Test Bank 8-17 B. knee. C. head. D. ankle. ANS: B Extremity DIF: Application REF: Page 249 TOP: Lower D. slipped disks. ANS: C DIF: Memorization TOP: Mechanisms of Disease Lateral curvature of the spine is called: A. scoliosis. B. lordosis. C. kyphosis. D. convexity. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Mechanisms of Disease REF: Page 258 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Page 252 (Table 8-8) REF: Page 258 36. All of the following are clinical signs and symptoms of a fracture except: A. soft tissue edema. B. realignment of the bone. C. false motion. 37. Which of the following bones is not a part of the face? A. Frontal B. Zygomatic C. Lacrimal 38. Which of the following bones do not contain paranasal sinuses? A. Frontal B. Maxilla C. Zygomatic 39. 40. The occipital bone forms how many joints with other bones? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 230 The largest of the paranasal sinuses is found in which bone? A. Sphenoid B. Maxilla C. Ethmoid D. Frontal TOP: Cranial Bones Test Bank 8-18 D. pain. ANS: B DIF: Synthesis TOP: Mechanisms of Disease REF: Page 256 D. Maxilla ANS: A TOP: Skull DIF: Memorization REF: Page 230 D. Sphenoid ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) TOP: Cranial Bones Memorization Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. ANS: B DIF: TOP: Facial Bones REF: Page 232 41. Another name for the zygomatic bone is the: A. malar. B. sphenoid. C. ethmoid. 42. Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is: A. sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical. B. coccyx, sacral, lumbar, thoracic, and cervical. C. cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, and coccyx. D. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 237 TOP: Column 43. The structure that furnishes the axis for the rotation of the head from side to side is the: A. dens. B. spinous process. C. vertebral foramen. D. transverse process. ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 237 TOP: Vertebral Column Going from proximal to distal, the bones of the upper extremity would be: A. metacarpals, carpals, ulna, and humerus. B. carpals, metacarpals, ulna, and humerus. C. humerus, radius, metacarpals, and carpals. D. humerus, radius, carpals, and metacarpals. ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page 243 | Page 246 TOP: Upper Extremity Going from proximal to distal, the bones of the lower extremity are: A. femur, tibia, carpals, and metacarpals. B. metacarpals, tarsals, femur, and tibia. C. femur, tibia, tarsals, and metatarsals. D. tarsals, metatarsals, femur, and tibia. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 44. 45. Test Bank 8-19 D. sesamoid. ANS: A DIF: TOP: Facial Bones Memorization REF: Page 232 Vertebral 46. 47. The bones of the middle ear are: A. considered part of the appendicular skeleton. B. considered part of the axial skeleton. C. not included in either group. D. There are no bones in the middle ear; it is composed only of cartilage. 48. The two bones of the face that are not paired are the: A. maxilla and mandible. B. maxilla and vomer. C. nasal and maxilla. D. mandible and vomer. ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Skull The palatine bone: A. makes up the side of the skull. B. completes the nasal septum. C. makes up part of the hard palate. D. makes up none of the above. ANS: C DIF: Memorization TOP: Eye Orbits 49. 50. What is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with another bone? A. Vomer B. Palatine Test Bank 8-20 ANS: A DIF: Application REF: TOP: Lower Extremity The adult skeleton is composed of: A. 206 bones. B. 126 bones. C. 80 bones. Page 249 | Page 251 D. 260 bones. ANS: A DIF: TOP: Introduction Memorization REF: Page 216 ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 232 REF: Page 232 51. 52. 53. The sphenoid bone acts as the keystone for the cranium, whereas this bone acts as the 54. Which of the following is not associated with the vertebral column? A. Spinous process B. Vertebral foramen C. Dens Test Bank 8-21 C. Ethmoid D. Hyoid ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Hyoid Bone The dens is part of the: A. sacrum. B. cervical vertebrae. C. lumbar vertebrae. D. thoracic vertebrae. ANS: B DIF: Memorization TOP: Vertebral Column The number of true pairs of ribs in the body is: A. 7. B. 12. C. 5. REF: Page 235 D. 3. ANS: A TOP: Ribs DIF: Memorization REF: Page 240 keystone for the face. A. Mandible B. Zygomatic C. Maxilla D. Nasal ANS: C DIF: TOP: Facial Bones Memorization REF: Page 232 D. All of the above are associated with the vertebral column. ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Vertebral Column REF: Page 237 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. REF: Page 237 55. The blunt cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum is the A. body. B. xiphoid process. C. manubrium. 56. 57. The floating ribs articulate with which of the following? A. The vertebrae B. The sternum C. The costal cartilage D. Both A and C ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page 240 TOP: Ribs 58. Which bone marking can be defined as a curved portion of the bone? A. Trochanter B. Fossa C. Foramen 59. Which bone marking can be defined as a large bump for the attachment of muscles? A. Trochanter B. Fossa C. Foramen Test Bank 8-22 D. costal cartilage. ANS: B DIF: TOP: Sternum Memorization REF: Page 240 Which bone marking can be defined as a depression in a bone and often receives an articulating bone? A. Trochanter B. Fossa C. Foramen D. Ramus ANS: B REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings D. Ramus ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone DIF: Memorization TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-23 D. Ramus ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone Markings 60. Which bone marking can be defined as a round hole in the bone through which vessels and nerves can pass? A. Trochanter B. Fossa C. Foramen D. Ramus ANS: C REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) TOP: Markings MATCHING Match each bone with its location. A. frontal B. hyoid C. mandible D. maxillae E. occipital F. palatine G. sphenoid H. temporal I. zygomatic 1. neck bone 2. upper jaw 3. cheek bone 4. lower jaw 5. forehead 6. contains middle and inner ear structures 7. lower, posterior skull bone 8. bat-shaped skull bone 9. posterior of hard palate 1. ANS: B DIF: Memorization Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. DIF: Memorization Terms Used to Describe Bone REF: Page 235 Test Bank TOP: Hyoid Bone 8-24 2. ANS: TOP: Facial Bones 3. ANS: TOP: Facial Bones DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization REF: Page 232 REF: Page 232 REF: Page 232 REF: Page 231 Cranial Bones REF: Page 230 REF: Page 231 REF: Page 232 D I 4. ANS: TOP: Facial Bones C 5. ANS: TOP: Cranial Bones A 6. ANS: REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) 9. ANS: TOP: Eye Orbits H DIF: 7. ANS: TOP: Cranial Bones E DIF: 8. ANS: TOP: Cranial Bones G DIF: F DIF: Match each bone with its corresponding bone marking. A. femur B. fibula C. humerus D. coxal E. radius F. ribs G. scapula H. sternum I. tibia J. ulna K. vertebrae 10. olecranon fossa 11. acetabulum 12. lateral malleolus 13. semilunar notch 14. xiphoid process 15. transverse process 16. medial malleolus 17. costal cartilage 18. glenoid cavity TOP: Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 19. radial tuberosity 8-25 20. greater trochanter 10. ANS: REF: Page 244 (Table 8-7) Memorization TOP: Upper Extremity Memorization TOP: Lower Extremity C DIF: 11. ANS: D DIF: REF: Page 248 (Table 8-8) 12. ANS: TOP: Lower Extremity Application Application Memorization Application Application Application Application Application Application REF: Page 249 (Table 8-8) REF: Page 245 (Table 8-7) TOP: Sternum B DIF: 13. ANS: TOP: Upper Extremity J DIF: 14. ANS: H DIF: REF: Page 240 (Table 8-6) 15. ANS: TOP: Vertebral Column REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page 236 (Table 8-6) 249 (Table 8-8) 240 (Table 8-6) 243 (Table 8-7) 245 (Table 8-7) 249 (Table 8-8) K DIF: 16. ANS: TOP: Lower Extremity I DIF: 17. ANS: TOP: Vertebral Column F DIF: 18. ANS: TOP: Upper Extremity G DIF: 19. ANS: TOP: Upper Extremity E DIF: 20. ANS: TOP: Lower Extremity A DIF: Match each term with its corresponding definition. A. body B. false ribs C. floating ribs D. manubrium E. true rib F. xiphoid process G. costal cartilage 21. first seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum 22. eleventh and twelfth ribs, which have no attachment to the sternum 23. middle part of the sternum 24. most superior part of the sternum 25. the blunt, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-26 26. the five pairs of 27. the material that ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum attaches the rib, directly or indirectly, to the sternum 21. ANS: 22. ANS: 23. ANS: E DIF: C DIF: A DIF: Application Synthesis Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization REF: REF: Page 240 TOP: Ribs Page 240 TOP: Ribs REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page REF: Page TOP: Sternum 240 240 240 240 240 24. ANS: TOP: Sternum 25. ANS: TOP: Sternum 26. ANS: TOP: Ribs 27. ANS: TOP: Sternum D DIF: F DIF: B DIF: G DIF: Match each term with its corresponding definition. A. lordosis B. spontaneous fracture C. scoliosis D. open fracture E. kyphosis F. avulsion fracture G. greenstick fracture 28. an abnormally accentuated lumbar curve or “sway back” 29. another term for a compound fracture 30. an incomplete fracture of a long bone in which the bone is bent on one side but broken only on the outer arc of the bend 31. type of fracture that can be caused by bone cancer, a cyst, or a metabolic bone disorder 32. an abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine 33. type of fracture that occurs when bone fragments are pulled free of the underlying bone surface by some force or trauma 34. an abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic curvature, or “hunchback” 28. ANS: A DIF: Memorization TOP: Abnormal Spinal Curvatures 29. ANS: D DIF: Memorization TOP: Bone Fractures REF: Page 257 REF: Page 256 REF: Page 256 30. ANS: G DIF: Memorization Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-27 TOP: Bone Fractures 31. ANS: B DIF: TOP: Bone Fractures 32. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 256 Page 258 Page 256 Page 258 Memorization REF: TOP: Abnormal Spinal Curvatures 33. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Bone Fractures 34. ANS: TOP: Abnormal Spinal Curvatures Match each bone marking term with its corresponding description. A. condyle B. trochanter C. fossa D. sinus E. ramus F. sulcus G. foramen H. fissure 35. a curved portion of a bone 36. large bump for muscle attachment 37. rounded bump; usually fits into a fossa of another bone 38. long, cracklike hole for blood vessels and nerves 39. cavity within a bone 40. depression; often receives an articulating bone 41. a groove or an elongated depression E DIF: Memorization REF: 42. round hole for blood vessels 35. ANS: E DIF: REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 36. ANS: B DIF: REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 37. ANS: A DIF: REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 38. ANS: H DIF: REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) and nerves Memorization Memorization Memorization Memorization TOP: Terms Used to TOP: Terms Used to TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone Describe Bone Describe Bone TOP: Terms Used to Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Describe Bone Test Bank 8-28 Markings 39. ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 40. ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 41. ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings 42. ANS: G DIF: Memorization REF: Page 218 (Table 8-2) Markings SHORT ANSWER TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone TOP: Terms Used to Describe Bone 1. Identify the two main divisions of the human skeleton, and list the total number of bones found in each division. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton 2. Describe the bones of the skull. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Application REF: 3. What is mastoiditis? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Memorization REF: Page 216 Page 230 | Page 232 REF: Page 256 TOP: Skull TOP: Mastoiditis 4. Explain the clinical significance of the cribriform plate. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-29 ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 232 (Box 8-1) TOP: The Cribriform Plate 5. Identify the special features of the skull. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 233 (Table 8-5) 6. Describe the hyoid bone, including shape, location, and any unique features. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 235 TOP: Hyoid Bone 7. List all the major divisions of the vertebral column, including the number of individual vertebrae found in each division. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 237 TOP: Vertebral Column 8. Differentiate among true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 240 TOP: Ribs 9. What is the clinical significance of palpable bony landmarks? ANS: Answers will vary. Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. TOP: Skull Test Bank 8-30 DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 251 (Box 8-2) TOP: Palpable Bone Landmarks 10. Beginning at the shoulder, name the bones in the upper extremity from proximal to distal. ANS: humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges DIF: Memorization REF: Page 243 | Page 246 TOP: Bones of the Upper Extremity 11. Beginning at the hip, name the bones of the lower extremity from proximal to distal. ANS: femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges DIF: Memorization REF: Page 249 | Page 251 TOP: Bones of the Lower Extremity OTHER 1. Challenge: A 10-year-old boy came into the emergency room with a painful knee joint. He had full range of motion but was in pain. The attending physician suspected a fracture and ordered an x-ray examination. What was the purpose of the x-ray evaluation? (Do not forget the epiphyseal growth plate.) ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 258 (Box 8-4) TOP: Sports and Fitness: Chondromalacia Patellae 2. Challenge: What are the differences between the male and female skeleton that have clinical importance? Explain your answer. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Application REF: Page 253 | Page 254 Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank 8-31 TOP: Skeletal Differences in Men and Women 3. Challenge: The text says that 28 bones are in the skull; 8 bones form the cranium, and 14 bones form the face. That leaves 6 bones unaccounted for. What are these bones, and where are they found? ANS: Bones of the middle ear, in the temporal bone. DIF: Synthesis REF: Page 218 (Table 8-1) | Page 233 (Table 8-5) TOP: Divisions of the Skeleton Mosby items and derived items © 2010, 2007, 2003 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Patton and Thibodeau: Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edition Chapter 12: Nervous System Cells Test Bank TRUE/FALSE 1. The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: TOP: Nervous System Cells Introduction 2. The afferent nervous system consists of all outgoing motor pathways. Page 373 ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page 375 TOP: Afferent and Efferent Divisions 3. Multiple sclerosis is the most common primary disease