1
Influence of Self-esteem and Gender on the Level of Procrastination
Name
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Author Note
Student number:
Tutor’s name:
Group number: 9
Name of the course: Statistics 1
Filing date: 16 December 2022
Word count: 983
, 2
Introduction
The student years are a crucial time in a person's life, during which he/her develops a feeling of
maturity and identity and makes goals for the future. Educational accomplishments are significant in
bolstering young people's self-confidence and capacity for constructive activities and laying the
groundwork for their eventual self-actualization. However, the problem of procrastination can become
an obstacle to success. People with procrastination issues may feel powerless in the face of the
predicament. Procrastination, in turn, is likely to be influenced by self-esteem. People who
procrastinate often have low self-esteem, which leads to a general tendency to delay or avoid tasks
(Hajloo, 2014). Such behavior might help a person defend his/her self-presentation by explaining poor
performance and unfavorable results by lack of time. Additionally, procrastination is associated with
several personality traits and psychological concepts. Research from Lu et al. evaluated the nature of
procrastination and its relationship to personality, mental health, and demographic factors (2022).
Gender studies indicated differences in men's and women's procrastinating patterns. Since men have
both low levels of self-control and effortful control, as well as high degrees of impulsivity, they tend to
procrastinate more compared to women (Lu et al., 2022).
This study investigates whether the extent of different levels of self-esteem affects the tendency
to procrastinate in men and women. It was predicted that there is a negative association between self-
esteem and procrastination. It also examined whether there is a difference between men and women
students and procrastination. It was hypothesized that men would have higher procrastination in
comparison to women.
Methods
Participants
Influence of Self-esteem and Gender on the Level of Procrastination
Name
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Author Note
Student number:
Tutor’s name:
Group number: 9
Name of the course: Statistics 1
Filing date: 16 December 2022
Word count: 983
, 2
Introduction
The student years are a crucial time in a person's life, during which he/her develops a feeling of
maturity and identity and makes goals for the future. Educational accomplishments are significant in
bolstering young people's self-confidence and capacity for constructive activities and laying the
groundwork for their eventual self-actualization. However, the problem of procrastination can become
an obstacle to success. People with procrastination issues may feel powerless in the face of the
predicament. Procrastination, in turn, is likely to be influenced by self-esteem. People who
procrastinate often have low self-esteem, which leads to a general tendency to delay or avoid tasks
(Hajloo, 2014). Such behavior might help a person defend his/her self-presentation by explaining poor
performance and unfavorable results by lack of time. Additionally, procrastination is associated with
several personality traits and psychological concepts. Research from Lu et al. evaluated the nature of
procrastination and its relationship to personality, mental health, and demographic factors (2022).
Gender studies indicated differences in men's and women's procrastinating patterns. Since men have
both low levels of self-control and effortful control, as well as high degrees of impulsivity, they tend to
procrastinate more compared to women (Lu et al., 2022).
This study investigates whether the extent of different levels of self-esteem affects the tendency
to procrastinate in men and women. It was predicted that there is a negative association between self-
esteem and procrastination. It also examined whether there is a difference between men and women
students and procrastination. It was hypothesized that men would have higher procrastination in
comparison to women.
Methods
Participants
