Energy
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the principle
energy storing molecule of the cell.
The energy is stored in the phosphate bonds.
Breaking these bonds releases energy which can
be utilised to fund energetically unfavourable
unflavoured reactions.
The resulting molecules are:
ADP – adenosine diphosphate
AMP - monophosphate
Inorganic phosphate
To regenerate ATP required energy from
another source.
Other energy storage molecules:
GTP – similar to ATP. It is used to fund
certain specific processes: translation, nuclear
import e.g.
Nucleotide-sugars – the last phosphate is replaced with a sugar. Energy is stored in the P-P
and SUGAR-P bonds.
Carrier molecules – NADH, NADPH, FADH2, Acetyl CoA