The Park Model (Hazard-Response Curve)
The Park hazard-response curve is a model that shows how a country or region might respond after a hazard event. It can be used
to directly compare how areas at different levels of development might recover from a hazard event.
Relief
● Teams arrive from outside the immediate area to help with search, rescue and care operations.
● Urgent medical supplies, rescue equipment, clothing and food may be flown in.
Rehabilitation
● Designed to restore physical and community structures.
● Complex and requires assessment of needs and coordinated planning of resources.
Reconstruction
● Permanent changes to restore quality of life and economic stability to the original level, or even better.
Park’s Model takes into account:
● Hazards are inconsistent; factors can change over time.
● All hazards have different impacts and responses.
● Wealthier countries have different curves as they recover faster.
● When hazards affect multiple countries, each country has its own curve.
The Hazard Management Cycle
Hazard management is a process in which governments and other organisations work together to protect people from the natural
hazards that threaten their communities. The aim is to avoid or reduce loss of life and property: provide help to those affected and
ensure a rapid and effective recovery.
The Hazard Management Cycle is a theoretical model of hazard management. Different activities occur in the 4 stages, but there
is also a great deal of overlap and linking between the stages.
The hazard-management cycle involves key players. Governments at all levels – local, regional and national – as well as
international organisations, businesses, and community groups are involved in emergency planning.
The Park hazard-response curve is a model that shows how a country or region might respond after a hazard event. It can be used
to directly compare how areas at different levels of development might recover from a hazard event.
Relief
● Teams arrive from outside the immediate area to help with search, rescue and care operations.
● Urgent medical supplies, rescue equipment, clothing and food may be flown in.
Rehabilitation
● Designed to restore physical and community structures.
● Complex and requires assessment of needs and coordinated planning of resources.
Reconstruction
● Permanent changes to restore quality of life and economic stability to the original level, or even better.
Park’s Model takes into account:
● Hazards are inconsistent; factors can change over time.
● All hazards have different impacts and responses.
● Wealthier countries have different curves as they recover faster.
● When hazards affect multiple countries, each country has its own curve.
The Hazard Management Cycle
Hazard management is a process in which governments and other organisations work together to protect people from the natural
hazards that threaten their communities. The aim is to avoid or reduce loss of life and property: provide help to those affected and
ensure a rapid and effective recovery.
The Hazard Management Cycle is a theoretical model of hazard management. Different activities occur in the 4 stages, but there
is also a great deal of overlap and linking between the stages.
The hazard-management cycle involves key players. Governments at all levels – local, regional and national – as well as
international organisations, businesses, and community groups are involved in emergency planning.
