Introductio
All living organisms have certain common characteristics such as breathing, growing, requiring
nutrition, producing offspring, responding to stimuli, etc. that distinguish them from non-living things.
There are certain vital processes that maintain homeostasis and proper functioning of the body, they are
called life processes. These processes continue to occur even when we are sleeping or not performing
any action. These processes are essential for all living organisms including plants and animals. These
life processes are nutrition, photosynthesis, transportation, metabolism, respiration, reproduction and
excretion
In this chapter, we will learn about the details of these processes occurring in plants, animals and human
beings in particular
Lif
Earth happens to be the only known planet having a life. There are beings who live, die and become part
of nature again. The living organism can be differentiated from the inanimate entities on various
parameters of life processes
Life Proces
e
.
s
n
.
.
, • The maintenance of living organisms is essential even if they are moving, resting or even
sleeping
• The processes which together perform the function of maintenance of 'life' are called as life
processes
• Nutrition, respiration, circulation, and excretion are examples of essential life processes
• In unicellular organisms, all these processes are carried out by a single cell
• In multicellular organisms, well-developed systems are present to carry out the processes
To know more about Life Process, visit here
Students can refer to the short notes and MCQ questions along with a separate solution pdf of this
chapter for quick revision from the links below
• Life Processes Short Notes
• Life Processes MCQ Practice Questions
• Life Processes MCQ Practice Solutions
.
.
.
:
.
.
.
, Nutritio
Nutritio
The process of acquiring food that is needed for nourishment and sustenance of the organism is called
nutrition
• There are two main modes of nutrition, autotrophic and heterotrophic
• Autotrophic nutrition is present in plants, algae and some bacteria. Organisms produce their own
food using light energy or chemical energy by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, respectively
• Heterotrophic nutrition is present in bacteria, fungi and animals. They derive energy from
organic compounds. Such as animals eating plants or other animals for food
• Heterotrophic nutrition has subtypes such as holozoic, saprophytic and parasitic nutrition
To know more about Nutrition, visit here
Autotrophic Nutritio
If an organism can nourish itself by making its own food using sunlight or chemicals such mode of
nutrition is called as autotrophic nutrition
• Plants photosynthesize (use light energy) and are called photoautotrophs
• Few bacteria use chemicals to derive energy and are called chemoautotrophs
.
n
n
n
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, Photosynthesi
• Photosynthesis is an important process by which food is formed
• The plants make food using sunlight and water, which provides nourishment to other organism
and themselves
• Chlorophyll present in the green parts absorbs light energy
• This light energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen
• Hydrogen is then used to reduce carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, typically glucose
• Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis and stomata to facilitate intake of carbon dioxide
The overall reaction occurring in photosynthesis is as follows
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
To know more about Photosynthesis, visit here
.
s
.
.
:
.
.
.
.
All living organisms have certain common characteristics such as breathing, growing, requiring
nutrition, producing offspring, responding to stimuli, etc. that distinguish them from non-living things.
There are certain vital processes that maintain homeostasis and proper functioning of the body, they are
called life processes. These processes continue to occur even when we are sleeping or not performing
any action. These processes are essential for all living organisms including plants and animals. These
life processes are nutrition, photosynthesis, transportation, metabolism, respiration, reproduction and
excretion
In this chapter, we will learn about the details of these processes occurring in plants, animals and human
beings in particular
Lif
Earth happens to be the only known planet having a life. There are beings who live, die and become part
of nature again. The living organism can be differentiated from the inanimate entities on various
parameters of life processes
Life Proces
e
.
s
n
.
.
, • The maintenance of living organisms is essential even if they are moving, resting or even
sleeping
• The processes which together perform the function of maintenance of 'life' are called as life
processes
• Nutrition, respiration, circulation, and excretion are examples of essential life processes
• In unicellular organisms, all these processes are carried out by a single cell
• In multicellular organisms, well-developed systems are present to carry out the processes
To know more about Life Process, visit here
Students can refer to the short notes and MCQ questions along with a separate solution pdf of this
chapter for quick revision from the links below
• Life Processes Short Notes
• Life Processes MCQ Practice Questions
• Life Processes MCQ Practice Solutions
.
.
.
:
.
.
.
, Nutritio
Nutritio
The process of acquiring food that is needed for nourishment and sustenance of the organism is called
nutrition
• There are two main modes of nutrition, autotrophic and heterotrophic
• Autotrophic nutrition is present in plants, algae and some bacteria. Organisms produce their own
food using light energy or chemical energy by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, respectively
• Heterotrophic nutrition is present in bacteria, fungi and animals. They derive energy from
organic compounds. Such as animals eating plants or other animals for food
• Heterotrophic nutrition has subtypes such as holozoic, saprophytic and parasitic nutrition
To know more about Nutrition, visit here
Autotrophic Nutritio
If an organism can nourish itself by making its own food using sunlight or chemicals such mode of
nutrition is called as autotrophic nutrition
• Plants photosynthesize (use light energy) and are called photoautotrophs
• Few bacteria use chemicals to derive energy and are called chemoautotrophs
.
n
n
n
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, Photosynthesi
• Photosynthesis is an important process by which food is formed
• The plants make food using sunlight and water, which provides nourishment to other organism
and themselves
• Chlorophyll present in the green parts absorbs light energy
• This light energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen
• Hydrogen is then used to reduce carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, typically glucose
• Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis and stomata to facilitate intake of carbon dioxide
The overall reaction occurring in photosynthesis is as follows
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
To know more about Photosynthesis, visit here
.
s
.
.
:
.
.
.
.
