1424 EMT FINAL EXAM Questions and Answers: Test Banks

1424 EMT FINAL EXAM Questions and Answers: Test Banks A PATIENT WHO HAS SHALLOW, SLOW IRREGULAR GASPOING BREATHS IS SAID TO HAVE _______________ RESPIRATIONS? Answer: AGONAL A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE LONG-BONE FRACTURES OF THE EXTREMITIES SHOULD BE A HIGH PRIORITY FOR TRANSPORT AND SHOULD BE TREATED? Answer: EN ROUTE TO THE HOSPITAL A TEENAGE MALE HAS FALLEN ONTO A RAILING WHILE SKATEBOARDING. HE COMPLAINS OF RIGHT-SIDED CHEST PAIN AND MODERATE DYSPNEA. EXPOSURE OF THE CHEST REVEALS A SECTION OF HIS RIBS THA TIS MOVING OPPOSITE OF THE REST OF THE RIBS. YOU SHOULD? Answer: APPLY A BULKY DRESSING OVER THE SECTION A YOUNG FEMALE WAS INJURED IN AN AUTOMOBILE WRECK, STRIKING HER HEAD ON THE WINDSHIELD. SHE IS UNCONSCIOUS AND HER BREATHING IS IRREGULAR. SHE IS BLEEDING FROM A SCALP WOUND, BUT YOUR ASSESSMENT SHOWS THAT HER CRANIUM IS INTACT. HER VITAL SIGNS ARE PULSE 68, BP 148/90, AND HER PUPILS ARE UNEQUAL. YOU SHOULD SUSPECT? Answer: CLOSED HEAD INJURY AFTER ACTIVATING THE AUTO-INJECTOR, HOW LONG SHOULD IT BE HELD IN PLACE BEFORE REMOVING IT FROM THE PATIENTS THIGH? Answer: 10 SECONDS AN EMT INVOLVED IN AN ESPECIALLY DIFFICULT CALL, SUCH AS ONE IN WHICH A COWORKER WAS KILLED SHOULD BE URGED TO .... Answer: SEEK HELP FROM A TRAINED MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONAL AS YOU ARE TRANSPORTING A CONSCIOUS PATIENT YOU NOTICE THAT HIS BREATHING HAS BECOME LABORED. WHICH ACTION SHOULD YOU TAKE BASED ON THIS INFORMATION? Answer: - NOTIFY THE RECEIVING FACILITY - ENSURE A PATENT AIRWAY AND ADEQUATE O2 - CONTINUE REASSESSMENT BARBITURATES MAY BE REFERRED TO AS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? Answer: DOWNERS BEFORE APPLYING A NRM, THE EMT SHOULD TAKE WHAT ACTION? Answer: INFLATE THE RESERVOIR BAG 1/3 OF THE WAY BURNS POSE A GREATER RISK TO INFANTS AND CHILDREN FOR WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING REASONS? Answer: PEDIATRIC PATIENTS HAVE A GREATER RISK OF SHOCK FROM THE BURN CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING OCCURS BY WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ROUTES? Answer: INHALATION CHEMICAL COLD PACKS ARE CARRIED ON THE AMBULANCE FOR TREATMENT OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? Answer: MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES DURING THE NEW EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION, THE TRAINING OFFICER MEETS WITH THE NEW EMTS AND EXPLAINS TO THEM THE MONTHLY TRAINING SCHEDULE AND THE CLASSES THEY MUST ATTEND FOR EMT RECERTIFICATION. ONE OF THE NEW EMTS ASKS THE TRAINING OFFICER WHY THEY HAVE TO KEEP TAKING EMT COURSES IF THEY ALREADY PASED THE MET EXAMINATION. WHAT IS THE BEST ANSWER? Answer: EMS IS CONSTANTLY EVOLVING IN RESPONSE TO EVIDENCE BASED RESEARCH EPINEPHRINE DELIVERED BY AUTO INJECTOR MAY BE INDICATED FOR PATIENTS WITH WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS? Answer: SEVERE ALLERGIES TO PEANUT, SHELLFISH, PENICILLIN, OR BEE STINGS EXPERT CLINICIANS MAY USE DIFFERENT APPROACHES OF THINKING THROUGH PROBLEMS, BUT WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WILL THEY HAVE IN COMMON? Answer: STRONG FOUNDATION OF KNOWLEDGE HOW MANY CERVICAL VERTEBRAE ARE THERE? Answer: 7 IF THE BABY'S UMBILICAL CORD IS NOTED TO BE WRAPPED AROUND HIS NECK AFTER THE HEAD IS DELIVERED, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD BE DONE? Answer: TRY TO SLIP THE CORD OVER THE BABY'S HEAD AND SHOULDERS IN ASSESSING A PATIENT'S BREATHING, WHAT IS YOUR FIRST QUESTION? Answer: ARE THEY BREATHING? IN REASSESSMENT, WHAT ARE THE 3 INTERVENTIONS THAT YOU AS THE EMT SHOULD CHECK? Answer: - OXYGENATION - BLEEDING MANAGEMENT - ADEQUACY OF OTHER INTERVENTIONS IN THE PRIMARY ASSESSMENT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF ASSESSING THE PATIENT'S CIRCULATORY STATUS? Answer: TAKING A BLOOD PRESSURE READING IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS HSOULD AN EMT WITHHOLD RESUSCITATIVE MEASURES FROM A PATIENT IN CARDIAC ARREST? Answer: THE PATIENT'S CAREGIVER PRESENTS A DNR ORDER SIGNED BY THE PATIENT AND HIS PHYSICIAN IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ZONES IS THE EMT EXPECTED TO BE STAGES AT THE SCENE OF A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT? Answer: COLD ZONE MRS THOMAS CALLS 911 FOR HER 9 MONTH OLD BABY, ELIZA, WHO IS LISTLESS AND PALE. SHE TELLS YOU THAT THE BABY OVERSLEPT THIS MORNING AND HSE HAD A HARD TIME WAKING HER UP. MRS THOMAS IS VERY DISTRAUGHT WORRYING ABOUT THE BABY. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO NEXT? Answer: TRY TO GET SOME CURRENT HISTORY FROM THE MOTHER OPERATIONS OF EMERGENCY VEHICLES MUST DRIVE WITH THE SAFETY OF OTHERS IN MIND. THIS IS KNOWN AS.... Answer: DRIVING WITH DUE REGARD REGARDING THE USE OF EMERGENCY SIRENS, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS FALSE? Answer: AMBULANCE OPERATIONS ARE NOT AFFECTED BY SIREN NOISE HOW OFTEN SHOULD THE EMT REASSESS THE VITAL SIGNS OF AN UNSTABLE PATIENT? Answer: EVERY 5 MINUTES THE TRENDELENBURG POSITION WOULD BE USED TO TRANSPORT WHAT TYPE OF PATIENT? Answer: A PATIENT IN SHOCK WHAT IS THE ADEQUATE CIRCULATION OF BLOOD THROUGHOUT THE BODY, WHICH FILLS THE CAPILLARIES AND SUPPLIES THE CELLS AND TISSUES OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS? Answer: PERFUSION FAINTING Answer: SYNCOPE THE MEDICATIONS THAT TRANSPLANT PATIENTS NEED TO TAKE FOR THE REST OF THEIR LIVES TO PREVENT ORGAN REJECTION ALSO OFTEN LEAD TO HIGH SUSCEPTIBILITY OF... Answer: INFECTION THE MUSCULAR ORGAN IN WHICH A BABY DEVELOPS DURING PREGNANCY? Answer: UTERUS THE OXYGEN FLOW RATE FOR A NASAL CANNULA SHOULD NOT EXCEED HOW MANY LPM? Answer: 6 THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF __________________ IS ONE IN WHICH THE PERICARDIAL SAC FILLS WITH BLOOD TO THE POINT WHERE THE CHAMBERS OF THE HEART NO LONGER FILL ADEQUATELY, USUALLY SECONDARY TO TRAUMA. Answer: CARDIAC TAMPONADE THE TRANSITION FROM CHILDHOOD TO ADULT IS KNOWN AS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? Answer: ADOLESCENT TO BE COMPASSIONATE AND EMPATHETIC, TO BE ACCURATE WITH INTERVIEWS, AND ATO INSPIRE CONFIDENCE ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF WHICH OF THE PERSONAL TRAITS OF A QUALITY EMT? Answer: ABLE TO LISTEN TO OTHERS TO EXHALE, THE DIAPHRAGM AND INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES RELAX TO CONTRACT THE CHEST, WHICH CREATES A POSITIVE PRESSURE. THE IS WHAT TYPE OF PROCESS? Answer: PASSIVE TRADITIONALLY AN APGNAR SCORE IS TAKEN AT WHAT TIME INTERVALS ARE BIRTH? Answer: 1 AND 5 MINUTES TWO CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT DIALYSIS PATIENTS FREQUENTLY HAVE IN ADDITION TO KIDNEY FAILURE ARE _________ AND __________. Answer: HYPERTENSION DIABETES WHAT BEST DEFINES THE EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT'S CONDITION IN ORDER TO PROVIDE EMERGENCY CARE? Answer: PATIENT ASSESSMENT WHAT ARE THE SIGNS OF HYPOXIA? Answer: COMMONLY SEEN AS BLUE OR GRAY SKIN, DETERIORATION OF PATIENT'S MENTAL STATUS LIKE CONFUSION OR RESTLESSNESS WHAT IS THE EMTS HIGHEST PRIORITY AT THE SCENE OF A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT? Answer: PERSONAL SAFETY WHAT IS ANOHER NAME FOR AN ALLERGIC REACTION? Answer: ANAPHYLAXIS WHAT IS THE CORRECT ORDER OF AIR FLOW FROM THE NOSE TO THE ALVEOLI IN THE LUNGS Answer: NOSE NASOPHARYNX PHARYNX HYPO PHARYNX LARYNX TRACHEA BRONCHI ALVEOLI WHAT IS THE PRIMARY EFFECT ON THE BODY WHEN AN EMT ASSISTS A PATIENT WITH A PRESCRIBED INHALER IF THE PATIENT IS SHORT OF BREATH? Answer: RELAXATION OF THE BRONCHIOLES WHAT IS IT CALLED WHEN A PATIENT DESCRIBES HOW HE FEELS? Answer: HIS SYMPTOMS WHEN CARBON DIOXIDE IS NOT EXCHANGED, THE NET RESULT IS HIGH CARBON DIOXIDE, A CONDITION CALLED _____________, WITHIN THE BODY. Answer: HYPERCAPNIA WHEN CHECKING BREATH SOUNDS IN A TRAUMA PATIENT, WHAT SHOULD THE MET ASSESS FOR FIRST? Answer: PRESENCE AND EQUALITY WHEN CONTROLLING THE SCENE OF AN EMERGENCY INVOLVING DAMAGED POWER POLES AND DONED ELECTRICAL WIRES, THE EMT MUST REMEMBER TO: Answer: REQUEST APPROPRIATE PERSONNEL TO CUTE THE POWER SOURCE WHEN DOES RESPIRATORY DISTRESS CHANGE TO RESPIRATORY FAILURE? Answer: WHEN THE RESPIRATORY CHALLENGE CONTINUES, THE SYSTEMS CANNOT KEEP UP WITH THE DEMAND, AND SKIN COLOR AND MENTAL STATUS CHANGE WHEN GIVING A RADIO REPORT TO THE HOSPITAL, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD BE STATED FIRST? Answer: THE PATIENT IS A 55 Y.O. MALE WHEN GROSSLY DECONTAMINATING A PATIENT WHO IS NOT WEARING PPE IN A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUES SHOULD BE USED? Answer: TAKING A LOW PRESSURE DECONTAMINATION SHOWER WHEN PREPARING TO MOVE A PATIENT THAT IS USING A SPECIALTY MEDICAL DEVICE FROM HIS HOUSE TO THE AMBULANCE, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS WOULD BE APPROPRIATE TO ASK THE FAMILY? Answer: - WHAT WORKED BEST FOR MOVING THE PATIENT THE LAST TIME HE WAS TRANSPORTED BY AMBULANCE? - HOW DO YOU NORMALLY MOVE THE PATIENT? WHAT DO DIALATED PUPILS LOOK LIKE? Answer: LARGER THAN NORMAL WHAT IS IT CALLED WHEN THE HEART CONTRACTS AND FORCES BLOOD INTO THE ARTERIES, THE PRESSURE IS CREATED? Answer: SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE WHEN USING THE AED, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CALLING TO "CLEAR" THE PATIENT BEFORE DELIVERING A SHOCK? Answer: THE EMT OPERATING THE DEFIBRILLATOR WHEN YOU PLACE YOUR FINGER IN AN INFANT'S PALM, SHE GRASPS IT WITH HER FINGERS. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHICH REFLEX? Answer: PALMAR REFLEX WHERE DO BASELINE VITAL SIGNS FIT INTO THE SEQUENCE OF PATIENT ASSESSMENT? Answer: AT SECONDARY ASSESSMENT WHICH ABDOMINAL QUADRANT CONTAINS THE APPENDIX? Answer: RIGHT LOWER WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES STATUS EPILEPTICUS? Answer: TWO OR MORE SEIZURES WITH TONIC CLONIC ACTIVITY WITHOUT AN INTERVENING PERIOD OF CONSCIOUSNESS WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES THE EMTS INTENDED ROLE IN THE IDEAL PROVISIONS OF EMERGENCY CARDIAC CARE? Answer: EARLY DEFIBRILLATION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES THE DELIVERY OF O2 AND NUTRIENTS AT THE BODY'S CELLULAR LEVEL? Answer: PERFUSION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES THE MEDICAL CONDITION OF SHOCK? Answer: A STATE OF INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DESCRIBES THE PURPOSE OF THE ODERN EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES (EMS) SYSTEM? Answer: TO HAVE TRAINED PERSONNEL RESPOND QUICKLY AND PROVIDE EMERGENCY CARE ON THE SCENE, DURING TRANSPORT, AND AT THE HOSPITAL WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CAUSES WORSENING OF THE DAMAGE IN A BRAIN INJURY? Answer: IMPROPER MANAGEMENT OF AIRWAY AND VENTILATION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CHEMICAL AGENTS PROHIBITS THE USE OF OXYGEN IN THE CELLS? Answer: CYANIDE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES AN OPEN EXTREMITY INJURY? Answer: BONE TISSUES HAVE LACERATED FROM THE INSIDE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY? Answer: AN IMAGINARY LINE DIVIDING THE BODY INTO EQUAL RIGHT AND LEFT HALVES WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES THE NORMAL APPEARANCE OF AMNIOTIC FLUID? Answer: CLEAR AND COLORLESS FLUID WHAT ARE THE CONSIDERATIONS FOR LIFTING? Answer: ... WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INHALERS WOULD NOT BE USED TO REVERSE AN ASTHMA ATTACK? Answer: BECLOMETHOSONE WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A CLASSIFICATION OF THE SEVERITY OF SHOCK? Answer: UNCOMPENSATED WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS FALSE REGARDING THE PURPOSE OF IMMEDIATELY DOCUMENTING VITAL SIGNS ONCE THEY ARE OBTAINED? Answer: FAILURE TO RECORD IS FALSIFYING THE RECORD WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A BENEFT OF SPLINTING AN INJURY TO BONES AND CONNECTIVE TISSUES? Answer: RESTRICT BLOOD FLOW TO THE SITE OF INJURY TO PREVENT SWELLING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A REASON THAT AN AED MAY INDICATE THAT THERE IS "NO SHOCK ADVISED"? Answer: VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION YOU ARE TREATING A 54 Y.O. FEMALE PATIENT WHO WAS INVOLVED IN A DOMESTIC DISPUTE; YOU NOTICE AN ABRASION TO THE SIDE OF HER HEAD. THE PATIENT IS UNRESPONSIVE WITH A BLOOD PRESSURE OF 200/110, A PULSE OF 60 BEATS PER MINUTE, SLIGHTLY IRREGULAR BREATHING. THE PATIENT'S PRESENTATION IS MOST LIKELY CAUSED BY WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING? Answer: INTERCRANIAL PRESSURE YOU ARE TREATING A 57 Y.O. MALE FOR CHEST PAIN. YOU HAVE GATHERED ALL PERTINENT HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS, COMPLETED TWO SETS OF VITALS, TALKED WITH MEDICAL DIRECTION, AND ASSISTED THE PATIENT WITH TWO DOESES OF HIS NITROGLYCERIN. DETERMINATION OF WHETHER OR NOT THE NITROGLYCERIN WAS EFFECTIVE IS ASSESSED DURING THE: Answer: REASSESSMENT YOU ARE TREATING A PATIENT WHO HAS A PRODUCTIVE COUGH AND WHO REPORTS WEIGHT LOSS, LOSS OF APPETITE, WEAKNESS, NIGHT SWEATS, AND FEVER. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DISEASES IS MOST LIKELY THE CAUSE OF THE SE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS? Answer: TUBERCULOSIS YOU ARRIVE ON THE SCENE OF THE 55 Y.O. MALE PATIENT. THE PATIENTS WIFE CALLED 911 BECAUSE HE IS HAVING CHEST PAINS. THE PATIENT IS VERY ANGRY WITH HIS WIFE FOR CALLING 911 BECAUSE HE STATES HE ONLY HAS HEARTBURN AND ADAMANTLY REFUSES ANY TREATMENT OR TRANSPORT. AFTER SIGING THE PATIENT REFUSAL FORM, THE PAITEN COLLAPSES AND GOES INTO SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST. THE WIFE IS CRYING UNCONTROLLABLY AND BEGGING YOU TO DO SOMETHING. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO? Answer: PROVIDE EMERGENCY CARE UNDER IMPLIED CONSENTS YOU FIND A TEENAGE MALE LYING SUPINE IN HIS BEDROOM. YOU HEAR GURGLING SOUNDS FROM THE PATIENT'S MOUTH AND SEE VOMIT WITH PILL FRAGMENTS ON THE FLOOR. YOU SHOULD: Answer: SUCTION THE AIRWAY YOU HAVE ARRIVED AT THE SCENE OF A CALL A "MAN DOWN." AS YOU ENTER THE RESIDENCE YOU NOTE THAT YOUR PATIENT IS MALE IN HIS MID-60S WHO IS AWAKE BUT DOESN NOT SEEMS TO ACKNOWLEDGE YOU PRESENCE. HE IS PERSPIRING PROFUSELY, HAS CYANOSIS OF HIS EARS AND LIPS, AND HAS RAPID, SHALLOW RESPIRATIONS. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD YOU DO FIRST? Answer: CHECK FOR A RADIAL PULSE YOU HAVE JUST ADMINISTER NITROGLYCERIN TO A 68 Y.O. PATIENT. WITHIN A FEW MINUTES, SHE COMPLAIN OF FEELING FAINT AND LIGHTHEADED, BUT STATES THAT SHE IS STILL HAVING SOME CHEST PAIN. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE THE BEST SEQUENCE OF ACTIONS? Answer: LOWER THE HEAD OF THE STRETCHER AND TAKE THE PATIENTS BLOOD PRESSURE A 5 year old boy complains of pain to the right lower quadrant of his abdomen. Correct assessment of this child's abdomen includes Answer: palpating the left upper quadrant first A 6 year old male, who weighs 40 pounds, ingested a bottle of aspirin approximately 20 minutes ago. Medical control orders you to administer activated charcoal in a dose of 1 g/kg. How much activated charcoal will you administer? Answer: 18 g A 9-year-old girl was struck by a car while she was crossing the street and is displaying signs of shock. During your assessment, you note a large contusion over the left upper quadrant of her abdomen. Which of the following organs has most likely been injured? Answer: Spleen A 30 year old woman has sever lower abdominal pain and light vaginal bleeding. She tells you that her last menstrual period was 2 months ago. On the basis of these findings, you should suspect Answer: an ectopic pregnancy A 40-year old patient sustained full=thickness burns to the entire head, anterior chest, and both anterior upper extremities. Using the adult Rule of Nines, what percentage of the patient's body surface area has been burned? Answer: 27% A 42- year old man was ejected from his car after it struck a bridge pillar at a high rate of speed. You find him lying approximately 50' from the car. After manually stabilizing his head, your next action should be to Answer: grasp the angles of the jaw and lift A 56-year old man has labored, shallow breathing at a rate of 28 breaths/min. He is conscious, but extremely restless. Airway management should consist of Answer: positive pressure ventilation A 56-year-old man with a history of cardiac problems reports pain in the upper midabdominal area. This region of the abdomen is called the Answer: epigastrium A 60-year-old woman is experiencing severe respiratory distress. When you ask her a question, she can only say two words at a time. You should manage this patient by Answer: providing positive pressure ventilations. A 75 year old man has generalized weakness and chest pain. He has a bottle of prescribed nitroglycerin and he states that he has not taken any of his medication. After initiating oxygen therapy, you should next Answer: complete a focused physical examination, including obtaining baseline vital signs. An 80-year old woman has pain in the right upper quadrant of her abdomen and a yellowish tinge to her skin. You should suspect dysfunction of the Answer: liver The AED analyzes your pulseless and apneic patient's cardiac rhythm and advises that a shock is indicated. You should Answer: ensure that nobody is touching the patient After an initial attempt to ventilate a patient fails, you reposition the patient's head and reattempt ventilation without success. You should next Answer: initiate airway obstruction removal techniques and provide transport After assisting a patient with her epinephrine auto-injector, you should dispose of the device by Answer: placing the device in a puncture proof container After removing a patient from the water, your assessment reveals that the patient is breathing inadequately and is continuously regurgitating large quantities of water. You should manage this patient by Answer: alternating suctioining with artificial ventilations After the delivery of the defibrillation with the AED, the patient has a return of a pulse. You should next Answer: assess the airway and ventilatory status As you are performing CPR on an elderly man, his wife presents you with a "do not resuscitate" order. Your most appropriate course of action is to Answer: continue CPR until medical control is notified As you are providing initial ventilations to a patient with apnea using a bag-valve-mask device, you note minimal rise of the chest. You should next Answer: increase the volume of the ventilations As you assess a 56-year old man, you note that he is pulseless and apneic. As your partner gets the AED from the ambulance, you should Answer: perform CPR until the AED is ready to use As you begin your assessment of an unresponsive man who fell approximately 20' from a roof, you should first Answer: manually stabilize the patient's head and perform a jawthrust maneuver As you step out of the ambulance at the scene of a nighttime motor vehicle crash on the highway, your immediate concern should be Answer: oncoming traffic At the peak of the inspiratory phase, the alveoli in the lungs contain Answer: more oxygen than carbon dioxide At the scene of a mass-casualty incident, you notice a bystander who is clearly emotionally upset. An appropriate action to take would be to Answer: assign the bystander a simple, non-patient-care task The automated external defibrillator (AED) should NOT be used in patients who Answer: are apneic and have a weak carotid pulse An awake and alert 92-year-old woman with chest pain is refusing EMS treatment and transport to the hospital. Her family insists that you transport her. This situation is most appropriately managed by Answer: advising the patient of the risks of refusing care A common side effect of nitroglycerin is Answer: headache During a bar fight, a 22-year old man was stabbed in the chest with a large knife. The patient is pulseless and apneic, and the knife is impaled in the center of his chest. management should include Answer: removing the knife, starting CPR, and providing rapid transport During a soccer game, an 18 year old woman injured her knee. You note that the knee is in the flexed position and is obviously deformed. Your first action should be to Answer: manually stabilize the leg above and below the knee During the initial assessment of a trauma patient, you note massive facial injuries, weak radial pulses, and clammy skin. What should be your most immediate concern? Answer: Potential obstruction of the airway During the rapid trauma assessment of a patient with multiple injuries, you expose the chest and find an open wound with blood bubbling from it. What should you do next? Answer: Prevent air from entering the wound. During your assessment of a 34-year old man with a gunshot wound to the chest, you note that his skin is pale. This finding is most likely caused by Answer: decreased blood flow to the skin During your initial assessment of an unconscious adult patient, you find the patient is apneic. You should next Answer: deliver two rescue breaths The effectiveness of chest compressions are most effectively assessed by Answer: palpating for a carotid pulse with each compression An elderly man is found unconscious in his kitchen. The patient's wife tells you that her husband has diabetes and that he took his insulin, but did not eat anything. You should suspect Answer: hypoglycemia An EMT-B's failure to obtain consent to treat a patient could result in allegations of Answer: battery Firefighters have rescued a man from his burning house. he is conscious and in considerable respiratory distress. He has a brassy cough and singed nasal hairs. The most immediate threat to this patient's life is Answer: closure of the airway Following an apparent febrile seizure, a 4 year old boy is alert and crying. His skin is warm and moist. The most appropriate management of this child includes Answer: offering oxygen and providing transport Following blunt injury to the anterior trunk, a patient is coughing up bright red blood. You should be most suspicious of Answer: bleeding within the lungs Following delivery of a newborn, you note that the mother has a moderate amount of vaginal bleeding. The mother is conscious and alert and her vital signs are stable. The most appropriate management of the mother includes Answer: administering oxygen and massaging the uterus Immediately following a generalized motor seizure, most patients are Answer: confused Immediately upon delivery of a newborn's head, you should first Answer: suction the mouth In a patient with cardiac compromise, you would be LEAST likely to encounter Answer: headache In addition to ensuring your own safety, your primary responsibility when functioning at the scene of a violent crime is to Answer: appropriately manage the patient In most states; the EMT-Basic is required to report which of the following occurrences? Answer: Animal bite In the patient with diabetes, hypoglycemia typically presents with Answer: clammy skin and a rapid onset In which of the following patients would an oropharyngeal airway be indicated? Answer: An unconscious patient with fluid drainage from the ears In which of the following patients would nitroglycerin be contraindicated? Answer: 53- year old male with chest discomfort, diaphoresis, a blood pressure of 146/66 mm Hg, and regular use of Cialis Indications that artificial ventilations in an apneic adult are ineffective include Answer: asymmetrical rise of the chest Initial attempts at providing artificial ventilation should be accomplished using Answer: a pocket mask with supplemental oxygen the initial treatment of choice for ventricular fibrillation of short duration, such as a witnessed cardiac arrest is Answer: prompt defibrillation Management of a patient with severe abdominal pain includes Answer: administering 100% oxygen Management of an 18-year old woman with severe vaginal bleeding includes all of the following, EXCEPT Answer: placing sterile dressings into the vagina Management of an unconscious, breathing patient with a significant cardiac history would include all of the following, EXCEPT Answer: analyzing the rhythm with an AED A middle-aged woman has acute shortness of breath and respirations of 30 breath/min. How should you first manage this patient? Answer: Assess respiratory quality The middle, muscular layer of the heart is called the Answer: myocardium The most appropriate management of a patient who has sustained widespread fullthickness burns following an explosion should consist of applying Answer: oxygen; dry, sterile dressings; warmth; and providing rapid transport The most effective means of preventing the spread of disease is Answer: effective handwashing The most effective method for determining whether you are providing adequate artificial ventilation is Answer: assessing the chest for adequate rise the most important initial steps of assessing and managing a newborn include Answer: clearing the airway and keeping the infant warm Patients with closed head injuries often have pupillary changes and Answer: hypertension The position of comfort for a patient with nontraumatic chest pain most commonly is Answer: semisitting Prescribed inhalers, such as albuterol (Ventolin), relieve respiratory distress by Answer: relaxing the smooth muscle of the bronchioles. Prevention of cardiac arrest in infants and small children should focus primarily on Answer: providing airway management Prior to administering nitroglycerin to a patient with chest pain, you must Answer: contact medical control and obtain proper authorization Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask on a patient with difficult breathing you should Answer: prefill the reservoir bag to ensure delivery of 100% oxygen Prior to your arrival at the scene, a near-drowning victim was removed from the water. You should manage the patient's airway appropriately while considering the possibility of Answer: spinal injury Pulmonary surfactant serves which of the following functions? Answer: It facilitates the transport of oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The scene size up includes all of the following components, EXCEPT Answer: applying personal protective gear A set of regulations and ethical considerations that define the extent or limits of an EMTBasic's job is called Answer: scope of practice Signs of inadequate breathing in an unconscious patient include Answer: a rapid respiratory rate Snoring respirations are most rapidly managed by Answer: correctly positioning the head A soft-tissue injury that results in a flap of torn skin is referred to as Answer: an avulsion A sudden onset of respiratory distress in a 5 year old child with no fever most likely is the result of Answer: obstruction of the airway by a foreign body To ensure delivery of the highest concentration of oxygen to your patient using a nonrebreathing mask, you should Answer: make sure that the reservoir bag is pre inflated To obtain the most reliable assessment of a patient's tidal volume, you should Answer: look at the rise of the chest Unconsciousness, shallow breathing, and constricted pupils are most indicative of what type of drug overdose? Answer: Narcotic Upon arriving at the scene of a multiple vehicle crash, you can see that at least two patients have been ejected from their vehicles. What should you do next? Answer: Call for at least one more ambulance Upon delivery of a baby's head, you see that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. You should manage this situation initially by Answer: trying to remove the cord from around the neck. The wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart is the Answer: septum When assessing a patient with a complaint of chest pain, which of the following questions would you ask to assess the R in OPQRST? Answer: Is the pain in one place or does it move around? When assessing a patient with a reduction in tidal volume, you would expect the respirations to be Answer: shallow When dealing with an emotionally disturbed patient, you should be concerned with Answer: whether the patient could harm you When is it most appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord? Answer: As soon as the cord stops pulsating When is the best time to perform a detailed physical examination? Answer: While enroute to the hospital When monitoring a patient with a head injury, the most reliable indicator of his or her condition is the Answer: level of consciousness Which artery should you palpate when assessing for a pulse in an unresponsive 6- month old patient? Answer: Brachial Which of the following actions is most important when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? Answer: Select and apply the appropriate size of extrication collar. Which of the following actions should be carried out during the initial assessment of an unconscious patient? Answer: Assessing the skin Which of the following actions would most likely cause a sudden drop in a patient's blood glucose level? Answer: Taking too much prescribed insulin Which of the following assessment findings would LEAST suggest cardiac compromise? Answer: Palpable pain to the chest Which of the following assessment findings would most suggest a systemic reaction following ingestion of a poison? Answer: Tachycardia and hypotension Which of the following bones is affected with a swollen, painful deformity to the lateral bone of the left forearm? Answer: Radius Which of the following conditions would most likely cause flushed skin? Answer: Exposure to heat Which of the following describe the MOST appropriate method of performing chest compressions on an adult patient in cardiac arrest? Answer: Compress the chest to a depth of 1 1/2" to 2", allow full recoil of the chest after each compression, minimize interruptions in chest compressions Which of the following describes the most correct method for inserting a nasopharyngeal airway Answer: Insert the device with the bevel facing the septum Which of the following injuries or conditions should be managed first? Answer: Bleeding within the oral cavity Which of the following mechanisms cause respiratory and circulatory collapse during anaphylactic shock? Answer: Bronchoconstriction and vasodilation Which of the following natures of illness is most consistent with a patient with low blood glucose level who is acting bizarre and breathing shallowly? Answer: Altered mental status Which of the following organs is not part of the endocrine system? Answer: Gallbladder Which of the following parameters would be most reliable as an indicator of perfusion in a 1 year old child? Answer: capillary refill Which of the following patients with diabetes should receive oral glucose? Answer: A confused patient who has cool, clammy skin Which of the following patients would be at most risk for suicide? Answer: A man who is in the midst of losing a significant relationship Which of the following patients would be most in need of a rapid trauma assessment? Answer: an awake and alert 19-year-old man with a small caliber gunshot wound to the abdomen Which of the following patients would MOST likely present with atypical signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction? Answer: 72-year old female with diabetes and hypertension Which of the following signs would LEAST suggest a diabetic emergency? Answer: Bradycardia Which of the following situations is an example of abandonment? Answer: A first responder assumes patient care from an EMT-Intermediate Which of the following situations would necessitate treatment using implied consent? Answer: A 65-eyar old man who is semiconscious and suspected of having a severe stroke Which of the following statements best describes a mass-casualaty incident? Answer: The number of patients overwhelms your resources Which of the following statements regarding the function of insulin is most correct? Answer: It facilitates the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into the cell. Which of the following structures is the primary pacemaker, which sets the normal rate for the heart? Answer: Sinoatrial node Which position is most appropriate for a mother in labor with a prolapsed umbilical cord? Answer: Supine with hips elevated Which vital sign is the best indicator of cardiac output during the initial assessment? Answer: Pulse rate and quality While a man was using a chainsaw to trim branches from a tree, it slipped and caused a large laceration to his left forearm. Bright red blood is spurting from the wound. The patient is conscious, alert, and talking. You should first Answer: control the active bleeding While assessing a patient with chest pain, you note that the patient's pulse is irregular. This most likely indicates Answer: abnormalities in the heart's electrical conduction system While managing a patient in cardiac arrest, you turn the AED on and attach the pads to the patient. When you push the analyze button, the machine signals "low battery" and then ceases to function. The patient subsequently dies. Which of the following statements regarding this case is most correct? Answer: You and your partner may be held liable for negligence. While managing a patient with acute shortness of breath, you prepare and apply a nonrebreathing mask set at 12 L/min. The patient pulls the mask away from his face, stating that it is smothering him. You should next Answer: reassure the patient and apply a nasal cannula instead You are administering oxygen to a woman with asthma who took two puffs of her prescribed inhaler without relief prior to your arrival. Your next action should be to Answer: contact medical control for further advice You are at the scene where a man panicked while swimming in a small lake. As you attempt to rescue this patient, you should first Answer: throw a rope to the patient You are called to a local park for a 7-year old boy with respiratory distress. During your assessment, you find that the patient is wheezing and has wide-spread hives and facial edema. What should you suspect has occurred? Answer: allergic reaction You are called to treat a male patient who overdosed on heroin and and is unconscious with shallow breathing and cyanosis to the face. The patient suddenly begins to vomit. What should you do first? Answer: Turn the patient onto his side. You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash in which two patients were injured. Upon arrival, you find that one patient, a 19-year-old woman, is conscious and alert and is being tended to by a police officer for minor scrapes and cuts. The second patient is a 20-year-old man who is found facedown approximately 25' from the motorcycle. he states that he cannot feel or move his legs. Neither patient was wearing a helmet. After taking body substance isolation precautions, you begin your initial assessment of the man. Your first action should be to Answer: stabilize his head manually You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash in which two patients were injured. Upon arrival, you find that one patient, a 19-year-old woman, is conscious and alert and is being tended to by a police officer for minor scrapes and cuts. The second patient is a 20-year-old man who is found facedown approximately 25' from the motorcycle. he states that he cannot feel or move his legs. Neither patient was wearing a helmet. As you are loading the man into the ambulance, the police officer advises you that the woman is refusing EMS treatment and transport. You should next Answer: advise the patient that she should be transported to the hospital because of the seriousness of the crash You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash in which two patients were injured. Upon arrival, you find that one patient, a 19-year-old woman, is conscious and alert and is being tended to by a police officer for minor scrapes and cuts. The second patient is a 20-year-old man who is found facedown approximately 25' from the motorcycle. he states that he cannot feel or move his legs. Neither patient was wearing a helmet. the most reliable indicator of injury to the spinal vertebrae is Answer: palpable pain at the site of the injury. You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash in which two patients were injured. Upon arrival, you find that one patient, a 19-year-old woman, is conscious and alert and is being tended to by a police officer for minor scrapes and cuts. The second patient is a 20-year-old man who is found facedown approximately 25' from the motorcycle. he states that he cannot feel or move his legs. Neither patient was wearing a helmet. While en route to the hospital with the male patient, you begin a detailed physical exam. During the exam, you note that the patient's respiratory rate has increased. You should Answer: repeat the initial assessment and treat as needed You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash in which two patients were injured. Upon arrival, you find that one patient, a 19-year-old woman, is conscious and alert and is being tended to by a police officer for minor scrapes and cuts. The second patient is a 20-year-old man who is found facedown approximately 25' from the motorcycle. he states that he cannot feel or move his legs. Neither patient was wearing a helmet. You have given high concentration oxygen to the man and completed the remainder of your initial assessment. What should you do next? Answer: Perform a rapid trauma assessment You are managing a conscious patient who you believe is having an acute ischemic stroke. After administering oxygen, your next priority should include: Answer: providing prompt transport for possible fibrinolytic therapy. You are responding to a call for a 2 year old child who fell from a second story window. With the mechanism of injury and the age of the patient in mind, you should suspect that the primary injury occurred to the child's Answer: head You arrive at a residence where you find a man lying unconscious in his front yard. There were no witnesses to the event that caused the unconsciousness. In assessing this man, you must assume that he Answer: has sustained an injury You arrive at the scene shortly after a 3-year old female experienced a seizure. The child, who is being held by her mother, is conscious and crying. The mother tells you that her daughter has been ill recently and has a temperature of 102.5 degrees F. What is the MOST appropriate treatment for this child? Answer: Oxygen via the blow-by technique, remove clothing and cool the child with towels soaked in tepid water, and transport. You arrive at the scene shortly after a 55-year-old man collapsed. Two bystanders are performing CPR. The man's wife states that he had cardiac by-pass surgery approximately 6 months earlier. There are no signs of trauma. After you attach the AED and analyze this patient's heart rhythm, the machine states, "shock advised." What cardiac rhythm is the patient most likely in? Answer: Ventricular fibrillation You arrive at the scene shortly after a 55-year-old man collapsed. Two bystanders are performing CPR. The man's wife states that he had cardiac by-pass surgery approximately 6 months earlier. There are no signs of trauma. Cardiac arrest in the adult population is most often the result of Answer: cardiac arrhythmias You arrive at the scene shortly after a 55-year-old man collapsed. Two bystanders are performing CPR. The man's wife states that he had cardiac by-pass surgery approximately 6 months earlier. There are no signs of trauma. Your first action in the management of this patient should be to Answer: stop CPR so you can assess pulse and breathing You arrive at the scene where a 49 year old woman is found semiconscious on the floor of her living room. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when this condition suddenly developed. No trauma was involved. The patient moans occasionally and has slight cyanosis to her lips. Answer: decreased tidal volume You arrive at the scene where a 49 year old woman is found semiconscious on the floor of her living room. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when this condition suddenly developed. No trauma was involved. The patient moans occasionally and has slight cyanosis to her lips. Skin will become cyanotic with Answer: a decrease in the amount of arterial oxygen You arrive at the scene where a 49 year old woman is found semiconscious on the floor of her living room. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when this condition suddenly developed. No trauma was involved. The patient moans occasionally and has slight cyanosis to her lips. The patient's respirations are at a rate of 26 breaths/min and shallow. The most appropriate management includes Answer: assisted ventilations with 100% oxygen You arrive at the scene where a 49 year old woman is found semiconscious on the floor of her living room. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when this condition suddenly developed. No trauma was involved. The patient moans occasionally and has slight cyanosis to her lips. After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver on this patient, you should next Answer: insert a nasopharyngeal airway You assess a newborn with cyanosis to the chest and face and a heart rate of 90 beats/min. What should you do next? Answer: Begin artificial ventilations You have applied a pressure bandage and additional dressings to a large laceration with severe arterial bleeding. The bandages are quickly blood-soaked. You should next Answer: remove the bandages and apply pressure at the site of the bleeding You have completed your prehospital care report and left a copy at the hospital when you realize that you forgot to document a pertinent finding on the front of the report. Your most appropriate action would be to Answer: attach an addendum to the original run report you receive a call for a 3 year old girl with respiratory distress. When you enter her residence, you see the mother holding the little girl, who does not acknowledge your presence. This finding indicates that the child Answer: has hypoxia You receive a call to a local daycare center for a 3-year old boy who is not breathing. When you arrive and assess the child, you find him to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR and request a back-up ambulance. A paramedic unit arrives at the scene to provide assistance. After one of the paramedics intubates the child, you should deliver ventilations at a rate of Answer: 8 to 10 breaths/min You receive a call to a local daycare center for a 3-year old boy who is not breathing. When you arrive and assess the child, you find him to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR and request a back-up ambulance. After attaching the AED, you push the analyze button and receive a "shock advised" message. After delivering the shock, you should Answer: immediately perform CPR You receive a call to a local daycare center for a 3-year old boy who is not breathing. When you arrive and assess the child, you find him to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR and request a back-up ambulance. As you are performing one-rescuer CPR, your partner prepares the AED. The appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for this child is Answer: 30:2 You receive a call to a local daycare center for a 3-year old boy who is not breathing. When you arrive and assess the child, you find him to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. You initiate CPR and request a back-up ambulance. In infants and children, the most detrimental effect of gastric distention is Answer: decreased ventilatory volume You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34 year old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When you arrive you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is in obvious respiratory distress, but is awake and alert. Epinephrine possesses which of the following effects when it is used to treat anaphylaxis? Answer: As a bronchodilator, it facilitates adequate breathing You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34 year old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When you arrive you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is in obvious respiratory distress, but is awake and alert. Suspecting an allergic reaction, your first action should be to Answer: place a nonrebreathing mask set at 15 L/min on the patient. You receive a call to a restaurant where a 34 year old man is experiencing shortness of breath. When you arrive you immediately note that the man has urticaria on his face and arms. He is in obvious respiratory distress, but is awake and alert. the patient tells you that he does not have his own epinephrine; however, his wife is allergic to bees and has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. you should next. Answer: provide transport and consider an ALS rendezvous You respond to a call for a shooting at a local bar. You arrive at the scene and find a young man sitting against the wall, screaming in pain, with bright red blood spurting from a wound near his groin. What should you do first? Answer: Apply pressure to the wound you should suspect potential abuse of a 4 year old child when you encounter Answer: purple and yellow bruises to the thighs Your first action in managing a patient with an altered mental status should be to Answer: make sure that the patient is breathing adequately _______OVERDOSE IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERVENTILATION Answer: NARCOTIC OD _____MY BE THE LAST MEASURABLE FACTOR TO CHANGE IN SHOCK Answer: BLOOD PRESSURE THE ____OF A BULLET HAS THE GREATEST IMPACT ON PRODUCING INJURY Answer: SPEED THE ACTUAL EXCHANGE OF 02 AND C02 OCCURS IN THE Answer: ALVEOLAR SACS THE PROCESS OF BINDING OR STICKING TO A SURGACE (ACTIVATED CHARCOAL) Answer: ADSORPTION AN AED DELIVERS PROMPT DEFIBRILLATION TO PATIENTS WITH Answer: VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION AFTER ASSISTING WITH NITRO... Answer: REASSESS BP WITHIN 5 MINS TO DETECT HYPOTENSION AMI OCCURS WHEN Answer: MYOCARDIAL TISSUE DIES SECONDARY TO AN ABSENCE OF OXYGEN AMNIOTIC FLUID SERVES TO Answer: INSULATE AND PROTECT THE FETUS ANAPHYLAXIS IS CHARACTERIZED BY AIRWAY______ AND ____TENSION Answer: SWELLING HYPO AREAS OF THE SPINE IN DESCENDING ORDER Answer: -CERVICAL -THORACIC -LUMBAR -SACRAL -COCCYX SMALLER VESSELS THAT CARRY BLOOD AWAY FROM THE HEART AND CONNECT THE ARTERIES TO THE CAPILLARIES Answer: ARTERIOLES AS A TRIAGE SUPERVISOR, YOU: Answer: MUST NOT BEGIN TREATMENT UNTIL ALL PATIENTS HAVE BEEN TRIAGED AS A WOMAN APPROACHES MENOPAUSE Answer: HER MENSTRUAL PERIODS BECOME IRREGULAR AND VARY IN SEVERITY AT THE ONSET OF AN ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACK, PATIENTS COMMONLY EXPERIENCE DIFFICULTY BREATHING AND Answer: EXPIRATORY WHEEZING NARROWING OF THE CORONARY ARTERIES DUE TO A BUILDUP OF FATTY DEPOSITS Answer: ATHEROSCLEROSIS AN INJURY THAT SEPARATES VARIOUS LAYERS OF SOFT TISSUE, RESULTING IN COMPLETE DETACHMENT OR A FLAP OF SKIN Answer: AVULSION THE AXIAL SKELETON IS COMPOSED OF THE... Answer: -SKULL -FACE -THORAX -VERTEBRAL COLUMN BLEEDING FROM SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES TO THE FACE IS MOST EFFECTIVELY CONTROLLED WITH Answer: DIRECT PRESSURE USING DRY, STERILE DRESSINGS BRUISING TO THE RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMEN FOLLOWING BLUNT TRAUMA IS MOST SUGGESTIVE OF INJURY TO Answer: THE LIVER CAPILLARY REFILL TIME IN AN INFANT Answer: 2 SECONDS CARDIAC ARREST IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IS MOST COMMONLY THE RESULT OF Answer: RESPIRATORY OR CIRCULATORY FAILURE THE CERVICAL SPINE IS COMPOSED OF ___ VERTEBRAE Answer: SEVEN (7) IRREGULAR RESPIRATIONS CHARACTERIZED BY AN INCREASING RATE AND DEPTH OF BREATHING FOLLOWED BY PERIODS OF APNEA Answer: CHEYNESTOKES RESPIRATIONS CIRCULAR MUSCULAR WALLS THAT REGULATE BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE CAPILLARIES Answer: CAPILLARY SPHINCTERS COOL, CLAMMY SKIN WEAKNESS TACHYCARDIA RAPID RESPIRATIONS ARE Answer: CLASSIC SIGNS OF HYPOGLYCEMIA IRREGULAR HEARTBEAT SUDDEN UNEXPLAINED SWEATING SHORTNESS OF BREATH / DYSPNEA Answer: COMMON SIGN OF AMI COMPARED TO AN ADULT, THE DIAPHRAM DICTATES THE AMOUNT OF AIR A CHILD INSPIRES BECAUSE Answer: INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES ARE NOT WELL DEVELOPED CONTRAINDICATION OF ADMINISTERING NITROGLYCERIN Answer: SYSTOLIC BP IS LESS THAN 100MM HG CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR ADMINISTERING ACTIVATED CHARCOAL Answer: - INABILITY TO SWALLOW -UNCONSCIOUS -INGESTION OF ALKALI OR CAUSTIC MATERIAL CORRECT DOSE OF EPINEPHRINE IN AN ADULR AUTO-INJECTOR Answer: .3 MG DEOXYGENATED BLOOD FROM THE BODY RETURNS TO THE Answer: RIGHT ATRIUM DETERMINING FREQUENCY OF LABOR CONTRACTIONS- TIME THE CONTRACTIONS FROM THE: Answer: START OF ONE TO THE START OF THE NEXT DIABETIC COMA Answer: "HYPERGLYCEMIA" COOL, CLAMMY SKIN DISINFECTION IS MOST ACCURATELY DEFINED AS Answer: KILLING PATHOGENIC AGENTS WITH A CHEMICAL MADE FOR THAT PURPOSE DISLOCATION Answer: DISRUPTION OF A JOING IN WHICH THE BONE ENDS ARE NO LONGER IN CONTACT DISTRIBUTIVE SHOCK OCCURS WHEN Answer: WIDESPREAD DILATION OF THE BLOOD VESSELS CAUSES BLOOD TO POOL IN THE VASCULAR BEDS DOSE OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL Answer: 1 GRAM FOR 1 KG OF BODYWEIGHT DOSE OF ASPIRIN FOR CHEST PAIN Answer: 162-324 MG DURING TRUE LABOE, UTERINE CONTRACTIONS.... Answer: BECOME MORE REGULAR ECLAMPSIA Answer: SEIZURES THAT RESULT FROM SEVERE HYPERTENSION EPINEPHRINE IS INDICATED FOR PATIENTS WITH AN ALLERGIC REACTION WHEN _____ AND _____ ARE PRESENT Answer: WHEEZING AND HYPOTENSION THE EXCHANGE OF O2 AND NUTRIENTS FOR WASTE PRODUCTS OF METABOLISM OCCURS AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL IN THE.... Answer: CAPILLARIES EXTERNAL BLEEDING FROM A VEIN IS RELATIVELY EASY TO CONTROL BECAUSE Answer: VEINS ARE UNDER A LOWER PRESSURE THE EYEBALL ITSELF IS REFERRED TO AS Answer: GLOBE FUNCTION OF PLATELETS Answer: FORMATION OF BLOOD CLOTS GIVEN FOR CARDIAC-RELATED CHEST PAIN, __________ RELAXES THE WALLS OF THE CORONARY ARTERIES Answer: NITROGLYCERIN GOAL OF THE PRIMARY ASSESSMENT Answer: IDENTIFY AND RAPIDLY TREAT ALL LIFE-THREATENING CONDITIONS HEATSTROKE OCCURS WHEN Answer: THE BODY'S HEAT-ELIMINATING MECHANISMS ARE OVERWHELMED AND CAN NO LONGER SWEAT HEROIN IS AN EXAMPLE OF AN Answer: OPIOID HYPOTENSION IN A CHILD WITH BLUNT OR PENETRATING TRAUME OFTEN INDICATES: Answer: THE LOSS OF HALF OF HIS/HER BLOOD VOLUME (THIS IS A LATE STAGE OF SHOCK) HYPOTHERMIA OCCURS WHEN THE CORE BODY TEMP FALLS BELOW Answer: 95 F, 35 C IN AN ADULT, BRADYCARDIA IS DEFINED AS Answer: A PULSE RATE LESS THAN 60 BEATS/MIN IN AN ADULT, TACHYCARDIA IS DEFINED AS Answer: A HEART RATE GREATER THAN 100 BEATS/MIN IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN, CAP REFILL GREATER THAN 2 SECS IS A SIGN OF Answer: POOR PERIPHERAL PERFUSION IN RESPONSIVE PATIENTS THAT ARE OLDER THAN 1, PALPATE THE PULSE AT THE _____ARTERY Answer: RADIAL INJURY TO A HOLLOW ORGAN WOULD MOST LIKELY RESULT IN Answer: LEAKAGE OF CONTENTS INTO THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY INSULIN SHOCK OCCURS IF Answer: PATIENT TAKES TOO MUCH OF HIS PRESCRIBED INSULIN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE Answer: DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO ONE OR MORE PORTIONS OF THE MYOCARDIUM KUSSMAUL RESPIRATIONS ARE AN INDICATION THAT THE BODY IS.. Answer: ATTEMPTING TO ELIMINATE ACIDS FROM THE BODY LEAF-SHAPED STRUCTURE LOCATED SUPERIOR TO THE LARYNX Answer: EPIGLOTTIS THE LEAST PRACTICAL PLACE TO STORE A PORTABLE OXYGEN CYLINDER IS: Answer: IN THE DRIVER'S COMPARTMENT THE MAJORITY OF A HORIZONTAL PATIENT'S WEIGHT IS IN THE Answer: TORSO THE MANNER IN WHICH THE EMT MUST ACT OR BEHAVE WHEN CARING FOR A PATIENT Answer: STANDARD OF CARE MAXIMUM DOSES FOR NITRO Answer: 3 DOSES THE MOST APPROPRIATE LOCATION TO PARK YOUR AMBULANCE AT A HAZMAT INCIDENT IS: Answer: UPWIND AT LEAST 100' AND UPHILL AT LEAST 25' FROM THE INCIDENT SITE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT COMPLICATION ASSOCIATED WITH OROPHARYNGEAL SUCTIONING IS Answer: HYPOXIA DUE TO PROLONGED SUCTION ATTEMPTS THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Answer: BONES AND VOLUNTARY MUSCLES NARCAN IS ADMINISTERED BY THE EMT-B VIA: Answer: AUTOMIZER NEUROGENIC SHOCK OCCURS WHEN" Answer: FAILURE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CAUSES WIDESPREAD VASODILATION NITROGLYCERIN RELIEVES CARDIAC-RELATED CHEST PAIN BY Answer: DILATING CORONARY ARTERIES AND IMPROVING CARDIAC BLOOD FLOW NORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL Answer: BETWEEN 80 AND 120 MG/DL NORMAL RESPIRATORY RATE FOR AN ADULT Answer: 12 TO 20 BREATHS PER MINUTE NORMAL SKIN COLOR, TEMP AND CONDITION Answer: PINK, WARM AND DRY OCCURS WHEN ORGANS PROTRUDE THROUGH AN OPEN WOUND Answer: ABDOMINAL EVISCERATION OPEN PNEUMOTHORAX OCCURS WHEN Answer: AIR ENTERS THE PLEURAL SPACE FROM OUTSIDE THE BODY OSTEOPOROSIS Answer: DECREASE IN BONE MASS AND DENSITY AN OXYGEN TANK SHOULD BE TAKEN OUT OF SERVICE AND REFILLED WHEN THE PRESSURE INSIDE IS LESS THAN Answer: LESS THAN 500 PSI A PATIENT WHO IS SWEATING PROFUSELY IS REFERRED TO AS BEING Answer: DIAPHORETIC PATIENTS WITH RIB FRACTURES WILL COMMONLY (BREATHE) Answer: RAPIDLY AND SHALLOWLY PEDIATRIC DOSE OF EPINEPHRINE Answer: .15 MG PERFUSTION Answer: CIRCULATION OF BLOOD WITHIN AN ORGAN IN ADEQUATE AMOUNTS TO MEET THE BODY'S METABOLIC NEEDS PERITONITIS USUALLY OCCURS WHEN Answer: HOLLOW ABDOMINAL ORGANS SPILL THEIR CONTENTS PID DOES NOT TYPICALLY AFFECT THE Answer: URINARY BLADDER THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF THE RIGHT ATRIUM IS TO... Answer: RECEIVE BLOOD FROM THE VENA CAVA PLACENTA Answer: ALLOWS 02, CO2, AND OTHER PRODUCTS TO TRANSFER BETWEEN MOTHER AND FETUS BUT DOES NOT ALLOW THEIR BLOOD TO MIX POSITIVE INDICATORS OF A FRACTURE Answer: CREPITUS AND FALSE MOTION PULMONARY EDEMA AND IMPAIRED VENTILATION OCCUR DURING WHICH TYPE OF SHOCK? Answer: CARDIOGENIC SHOCK QUID PRO QUO Answer: TYPE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT, WHEN HARASSER REQUEST SEXUAL FAVORS IN EXCHANGE FOR SOMETHING ELSE SHOCK IS THE RESULT OF Answer: HYPOPERFUSION TO THE CELLS OF THE BODY SKELETAL MUSCLE IS ALSO CALLED Answer: VOLUNTARY MUSCLE SOLID ABDOMINAL ORGANS INCLUDE THE Answer: SPLEEN KIDNEYS PANCREAS THE SPINAL CORD EXITS THE CRANIUM THROUGH THE Answer: FORAMEN MAGNUM SPLEEN Answer: ASSISTS IN BLOOD FILTRATION, SERVES AS A BLOOD RESERVOIR, AND PRODUCES ANTIBODIES STRIDOR Answer: HARSH, HIGH-PITCHED INSPIRATORY SOUNDS IN THE UPPER AIRWAY SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF A STROKE DEPENDS ON: Answer: WHETHER THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY IS GIVEN WITHIN 3 HOURS AFTER SYMPTOM ONSET SUPINE HYPOTENSIVE SYNDROME Answer: THE PREGNANT UTERUS COMPRESSES THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA SYNCOPE IN OLDER PATIENTS IS CAUSED BY Answer: INTERRUPTION OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE BRAIN SYSTOLIC PRESSURE Answer: THE PRESSURE EXERTED AGAINST THE WALLS OF THE ARTERY WHEN THE LEFT VENTRICLE CONTRACTS THREE MAJOR PARTS OF THE BRAIN Answer: CEREBRUM CEREBELLUM BRAIN STEM TREATMENT FOR JELLYFISH STING Answer: IRRIGATING WOUND WITH VINEGAR AND IMMERSING HIS LEG IN HOT WATER A TUBE FROM THE BRAIN TO THE ABDOMEN THAT DRAINS EXCESSIVE CS FLUID Answer: SHUNT TWO MOST COMMON SIGNS OF ANAPHYLAXIS Answer: WHEEZING URTICARIA (HIVES) TWO WAYS OUR BODY ELIMINATES HEAT Answer: SWEATING DILATION OF SKIN BLOOD VESSELS TYPE 1 DIABETES Answer: CONDITION IN WHICH NO INSULIN IS PRODUCED BY THE BODY USUAL DOSE OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL MAXIMUM ADULTS AND PEDIATRIC Answer: PEDIATRIC- UP TO 25 GRAMS ADULT- UP TO 50 GRAMS THE VOCAL CORDS ARE LOCATED IN THE Answer: LARYNX WHAT ACTIVITIES OCCUR IN THE "WARM ZONE"? Answer: DECONTAMINATION WHAT CAN CAUSE THE PUPILS TO REMAIN SIGNIFICANTLY CONSTRICTED? Answer: OVERDOSE OF AN OPIATE DRUG WHAT IS THE TYPICAL FUNCTION OF THE RESCUE TEAM? Answer: TO PROVIDE SAFE ENTRY AND ACCESS TO PATIENTS WHAT PHYSIOLOGIC ACTIONS DOES EPINEPHRINE PRODUCE WHEN GIVEN FOR AN ALLERGIC REACTION? Answer: VASOCONSTRICTION BRONCHODILATION WHAT RESPONSIBILITY/DUTY DOES NOT FALL WITHIN THE REALM OF THE MEDICAL BRANCH OF THE ICS? Answer: EXTRICATION WHICH COMPONENTS ARE NEEDED TO PROVE NEGLIGENCE? Answer: -DUTY TO ACT -BREACH OF DUTY -INJURY/DAMAGES -CAUSATION WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MEDICATION ROUTES HAS THE SLOWEST RATE OF ABSORPTION? Answer: ORAL abdominal thrusts Answer: A four-year-old male patient has just swallowed a marble in front of you, which has caused a complete (severe) airway obstruction. Your immediate care should include: pulling the object out in the direction it entered the cheek Answer: Care for the patient with an impaled object in the cheek includes: sucking chest wound Answer: An open wound to the chest that allows air to pass through it, causing shortness of breath and bubbling of blood around the wound, is called a: immobilizing the injury site and the joints above and below it Answer: 4. General rules of immobilization of extremity injuries include: capillary refill Answer: One of the most reliable signs of decreased perfusion in the pediatric patient is The cause of febrile seizures in children is: Answer: a rapid rise in temperature Your unit has arrived on the scene of a private residence where the scene is determined to be safe. According to the parent who meets you at the door her six-year-old son may have taken a handful of pills, thinking they were candy. To treat the child who has ingested a dangerous amount of medication, the EMT-Basic should contact medical direction or the poison control center to consider administering Answer: activated charcoal Which of the following patient care equipment should be carried in various sizes (such as pediatric, adult, etc.)? Answer: bag mask devices The ambulance vehicle should be regularly inspected. Inspections done while the ambulance engine is turned off include Answer: the level of coolant/antifreeze and the pressure cap indicator Most states allow ambulances responding to emergencies with lights and sirens to disregard certain traffic laws. The emergency vehicle operator Answer: can exceed the posted speed limit as long as life or property is not endangered. Ground gradient is electricity spreading out from a power line touching the ground. If you feel a tingling sensation in your legs you should Answer: hop to a safe place on one foot. Information you should report back to dispatch about the scene size-up of an MCI includes all of the following, except Answer: the destination hospital of all patients The area of the spine that is the least susceptible to injury would be the _________ spine Answer: thoracic The nerves that control the involuntary functions of digestion, the bowels, and the bladder are part of the _____________ nervous system Answer: autonomic You are on the scene of a 58-year-old male patient who collapsed in the bathroom at a local resturant. Bystanders determined he had no signs of circulation so they started CPR. After delivering your first shock with an AED, if the patient is still pulseless, you should next Answer: perform two minutes of CPR and reassess The four types of poison classifications include ____ poisons Answer: inhaled Modern treatment of poisonings and overdoses consists primarily of all the following, except Answer: administration of an antidote The exchange area where oxygen and nutrients from the mother's bloodstream are carried across to the fetus is called the Answer: placenta Delivery of the baby may be imminent when the mother's contractions: Answer: last 30 seconds to 1 minute, and are 2 to 3 minutes apart A prolapsed umbilical cord, when the cord is pinched between the vaginal wall and presenting part of the baby, is handled by Answer: inserting several fingers into the mother's vagina and gently pushing the presenting part off the cord. Which of the following is true regarding miscarriages and abortions? Answer: The miscarriage is commonly considered spontaneous, and the abortion induced Of the three major types of blood vessels, the vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called Answer: arteries The abbreviation NKDA means Answer: no known drug allergies The abbreviation STAT means Answer: immediately The main components of an adult's vital signs include assessment of breathing, skin, pupils, blood pressure, and Answer: pulse Which artery should be checked first by a healthcare provider for a pulse in the unresponsive infant? Answer: Brachial The skin should be assessed for Answer: color, temperature, and condition. In a dark room, the normal pupil should Answer: dilate What is body mechanics? Answer: Methods develo