NCC EFM Revision Practice chapter 4 Quiz TEST Bank with Complete Solution 2023

Causes of uteroplacental perfusion decrease: correct answers • HTN • Pregnancy • DM • Hypotension • Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus) • Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors: correct answers • Maternal oxygenation • Uterine blood flow • Placental change • Umbilical blood flow FHR reflects oxygenation from which intrinsic factors: correct answers • Fetal circulation • Oxygenation of tissues • FHR regulation Fetal shunts: correct answers • Ductus venosus- liver • PFO- Right to left atria • Ductus arteriosis- pulmonary a. to aorta Oxygen depletion cascade: correct answers • Aerobic metabolism • Hypoxemia • Tissue hypoxia • Anaerobic metabolism • Lactic acid build up • Metabolic acidosis Sympathetic innervation: correct answers • Releases Eip/norepi • Increases FHR Parasympathetic/Vagal innervation: correct answers • Releases ach • Decreases FHR and transmits variability Early decel: correct answers • Fetal head compression • ->vasovagal response Variable decel: correct answers • Cord compression • ->increase BP/HTN • ->activation of baroreceptor • ->decrease FHR, BP, and CO Late decel: correct answers • Inadequate uteroplacental blood flow->decreased maternal fetal O2 transfer • ->activation of chemoreceptors to respond due to increased PCO2, decreased PO2, and decreased pH • ->Fetal bradycardia and hypertension Category I: correct answers • Normal fetal acid base status • All the following are required: • Moderate variability • Baseline rate 110-160 • Late or variable decels are absent • Early decels present or absent • Accels present or absent