Dialysis Quiz Questions With Correct Answers

What is the most frequent infectious complication in dialysis patients? - Answer Bacterial vascular access infections Which infectious disease requires frequent handwashing instead of using alcohol based hand gels? - Answer Active C-diff infection Contact transmission is the most important route through which infections are spread. Contact transmission is defined as what? - Answer Transmission of microorganisms through healthcare workers hands The transport mechanism when particles move from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration is called what? - Answer Diffusion During dialysis, the movement of bicarbonate from the dialysate into the blood: - Answer Helps normalize body pH The kidneys excretory functions include what? - Answer Secreting erythropoietin, activating vitamin D and secreting renin What is your main priority when returning a patient's blood with the hand crank during a power outage? - Answer You must ensure not to crank too fast and overload the patient's vascular system Your patient dialyses for four hours with a blood pump speed of 400 ml/min. What is his calculated Blood Volume Processed (BVP) at the end of treatment? - Answer 96,000 ml or 96 liters What problem will cause an increase in the patient's venous pressure? - Answer Blockage in blood tubing before the monitoring site What is the acceptable range for dialysate pH? - Answer 6.9-7.6 Which complication would cause hemolysis? - Answer Temperature of dialysate too hot What would cause a decrease in venous pressure? - Answer Decrease in BFR What would cause a less positive (more negative) arterial pressure? - Answer Infiltrated arterial needle When is pre-treatment assessment by the licensed nurse required? - Answer When it's mandated by the state, when the PCT notices abnormal findings, when patient reports unusual symptoms to the nurse prior to treatment initiation or nurse observes unusual behaviors in the patient If a patient had an adverse reaction within the first couple of minutes after treatment initiation, yet no pre-treatment data had been entered into the computer: - Answer There is no proof that pre-treatment safety checks were completed or that the patient had been properly assessed What are some examples of Data Collection? - Answer Heart Rate and noted edema to right ankle What is removed by the water softener? - Answer Calcium and magnesium High levels of calcium and sodium in the water used for dialysis can cause what? - Answer Hypertension High levels of Aluminum in the water used for dialysis can cause what? - Answer N/V Fluid overload and hypertension lead to left ventricular hypertrophy. What does this mean? - Answer Hypotensive episodes are more likely to occur during dialysis treatment What are signs of hypokalemia? - Answer Muscle weakness and arrhythmias Which is not a secondary cause of anemia in ESRD patients? - Answer Lack of erythropoietin Which elements are effected by CKD-MBD? - Answer Calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus and PTH When a PCT documents the extent of a patient's edema, for example as +3, what is the PCT doing? - Answer The PCT is performing an assessment which is not allowed legally When a patient has an irregular heartbeat: - Answer The automated oscillometric BP reading may not be accurate A patient presents with an elevated temperature after the initiation of dialysis. This is most likely due to what? - Answer A pyrogenic reaction What is an example of data collection? - Answer Noted edema to right ankle A patient's pre-treatment BP is 180/100 and HR 110. What should the PCT do? - Answer Notify RN prior to starting treatment Increased heparin dose may cause what? - Answer Increased bleeding Why are 'thirst control and limiting interdialytic weight gains' a shared responsibility between the healthcare team and the patient? - Answer Patients require intensive education and dietary tips to limit fluid intake Preventing hypotensive episodes during the dialysis treatment is important because they are associated with what? - Answer A higher mortality rate What does the term "Wet Crash" mean? - Answer Fluid overload overstretches the heart muscle tissue resulting in decreased cardiac output and low BP