MIDTERM PATHO 370|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

1 After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of a. primary prevention. b. secondary prevention. c. tertiary prevention .d. disease treatment. c A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage. a. prodromal b. latent c. sequela d. convalescence b A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of a. primary prevention. b. secondary prevention. c. tertiary prevention. d. disease treatment. b what clinical course would you see SIGNS & SYMPTOMS? PRODROMAL A disease that is native to a particular region is called a. epidemic. b. endemic. c. pandemic. d. ethnographic. b C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.'s disease is a. genetic susceptibility. b. pharyngitis. c. streptococcal infection. d. a sore throat. c The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred as a. latent. b. subclinical. c. prodromal. d. convalescence. b When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic a. true b. false a primary level of prevention prevention before you ever have a disease; immunization Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by? a. norepinephrine. b. cortisol. c. glucagon. d. ACTH. a Allostasis is best defined as a. steady-state. b. a state of equilibrium, of balance within the organism. c. the process by which the body heals following disease. d. the overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival andwell-being. d Selye's three phases of the stress response include all the following except? a. allostasis. b. resistance. c. alarm. d. exhaustion. a All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except? a. aldosterone. b. cortisol. c. norepinephrine. d. epinephrine. a Your patient eats "lots of fat," leads a "stressful" life, and has smoked "about two packs a day for the last 40 years." Her chronic morning cough recently worsened, and she was diagnosed with a lung mass. The most likely contributing factor for development of lung cancer in this patient is a. stressful lifestyle. b. high-fat diet .c. cigarette smoking .d. urban pollutants. c The nurse is swabbing a patient's throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed sensitivity. true or false? true After surgery to remove a lung tumor, your patient is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will a. kill rapidly dividing cells. b. have minimal side effects. c. selectively kill tumor cells. d. stimulate immune cells to fight the cancer. a The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is a. energy and repair. b. invoke resting state. c. produce exhaustion. d. set a new baseline steady-state. a Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in a. stress reduction. b. permanent damage and death. c. movement into the resistance stage. d. exhaustion of the sympathetic nervous system. b The effect of stress on the immune system a. is unknown. b. has been demonstrated to be non-existent in studies. c. most often involves enhancement of the immune system. d. may involve enhancement or impairment the immune system. d Aldosterone may increase during stress, leading to (Select all that apply.) a. decreased urinary output. b. increased blood potassium. c. increased sodium retention. d. increased blood volume. e. decreased blood pressure. a c d Chronic activation of stress hormones can lead to (Select all that apply.) a. cardiovascular disease. b. depression. c. impaired cognitive function. d. autoimmune disease. e. overactive immune function. a b c d Events which occur during the alarm stage of the stress response include secretion of (Select all that apply.) a. catecholamines. b. ACTH c. glucocorticoids. d. immune cytokines. e. TSH. a b c d An increase in organ size and function caused by increased workload is termed a. atrophy. b. hypertrophy. c. metaplasia d. inflammation. b The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is a. hydropic swelling. b. lactate production. c. metaplasia. d. intracellular accumulations d All these cellular responses are potentially reversible except a. necrosis. b. metaplasia. c. atrophy. d. hyperplasia. a The cellular change that is considered preneoplastic is a. necrosis. b. metaplasia. c. atrophy. d. dysplasia d Proto-oncogenes a. are normal cellular genes that promote growth b. are irregular cellular genes that promote irregular growth a Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular a. atrophy. b. death. c. proliferation. d. mutation. b The hyper metabolic state leading to cachexia in terminal cancer is thought to be because of a. tumor necrosis b. metaplasia a what are side effects of chemotherapy include anemia nausea bleeding infections Malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin are known as a. osteosarcoma b. carninoma b After bronchoscopy and histologic exam of a suspected tumor, your pt is diagnosed with primary bronchial carcinoma. This type of tumor? a. malignant b. beningn a Cancer grading is based on a. local invasion. b. tumor size. c. metastasis. d. cell differentiation. d Your patient is scheduled for a staging procedure. She wants to know what that means. The correct response is which of the following? a. It is based on exploratory surgery. b. It is biochemical testing of tumor cells to determine the genetic basis of the tumor. c. It is a histologic examination of tissues to determine the degree of tumor differentiation. d. It is a procedure for determining the extent of tumor spread. d produce by normal cells, help determine cancer organ help identify progression of cancer and include prostatic specific antigen a. tumor necrosis factor. b. pain medications. c. angiogenesis. d. loss of ATP production. a The hypermetabolic state leading to cachexia in terminal cancer is thought to be because of a. tumor necrosis factor. b. pain medications. c. angiogenesis. d. loss of ATP production. a Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is selective IgA