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Lecture notes

DERIVADAS POR DEFINICIÓN EJERCICIO 1

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En este ejercicio encontramos la derivada por definición de la ecuación de la recta

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Uploaded on
April 9, 2023
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Written in
2022/2023
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Emilio mendoza
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DERIVADAS POR DEFINICIÓN.


EJEMPLO 1
Calcula la derivada de la siguiente función.
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
SOLUCIÓN.
Resolveremos este ejercicio en 4 pasos aplicando la definición de la derivada.


Paso 1: Se sustituye x por 𝑥 + ∆𝑥 en la función original, al igual que y por 𝑦 + ∆𝑦.
𝑦 + ∆𝑦 = 𝑚(𝑥 + ∆𝑥) + 𝑏
Desarrollamos la expresión y la simplificamos.
𝑦 + ∆𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑚∆𝑥 + 𝑏
Paso 2: Al nuevo valor que obtuvimos le restamos la función original.
𝑦 + ∆𝑦 − (𝑦) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑚∆𝑥 + 𝑏 − (𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏)
Simplificamos.
𝑦 + ∆𝑦 − 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑚∆𝑥 + 𝑏 − 𝑚𝑥 − 𝑏
∆𝑦 = 𝑚∆𝑥
Paso 3: Dividimos toda la expresión por el incremento de la variable independiente ∆𝑥.
∆𝑦 𝑚∆𝑥
=
∆𝑥 ∆𝑥
Simplificamos.
∆𝑦
=𝑚
∆𝑥


Paso 4: Calculamos el limite del cociente cuando ∆𝑥 tiende a cero, y resolviendo este límite
obtendremos la derivada de la función.
𝑑𝑦 ∆𝑦
= lim = lim (𝑚) = 𝑚
𝑑𝑥 ∆𝑥→0 ∆𝑥 ∆𝑥→0

Por lo tanto, la derivada de la función es:
𝑑𝑦
=𝑚
𝑑𝑥




Elaboró: Emilio Mendoza
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