12/09/2022 & 26/09/2022
Joints
LO →To understand the structure and the function of joints.
- Synovial Joints -
→Most common type of joint in the body.
→Have fluid -filled space between smooth cartilage pads at the end of bones that form the
joint.
→Tough capsule surrounds the joint.
→ Outer layer capsules often include ligaments - these join the bones and make the joint
stronger.
- Types Of Joints -
Hinge Joints:
→Allow flexion and extension.
→E.g; - Elbow joint → hinge joint of three bones: humerus, ulna and radius.
↳ Allows the Tower arm to bend (flexion) and straighten (extension) in relation to upper arm.
Ball and Socket Joints
→E.g; Shoulder joint → joint between humerus and scapula.
→Ball and Socket joint → large range of movement & forwards and backwards, side to side,
and rotation.
↳ Forwards and backwards = flexion and extension
→Away to the side of the body and back again = abduction and adduction.
→Turn towards, or away from, centre of body = rotation.
→Allows for a large range of movement, but easily dislocated.
Joints
LO →To understand the structure and the function of joints.
- Synovial Joints -
→Most common type of joint in the body.
→Have fluid -filled space between smooth cartilage pads at the end of bones that form the
joint.
→Tough capsule surrounds the joint.
→ Outer layer capsules often include ligaments - these join the bones and make the joint
stronger.
- Types Of Joints -
Hinge Joints:
→Allow flexion and extension.
→E.g; - Elbow joint → hinge joint of three bones: humerus, ulna and radius.
↳ Allows the Tower arm to bend (flexion) and straighten (extension) in relation to upper arm.
Ball and Socket Joints
→E.g; Shoulder joint → joint between humerus and scapula.
→Ball and Socket joint → large range of movement & forwards and backwards, side to side,
and rotation.
↳ Forwards and backwards = flexion and extension
→Away to the side of the body and back again = abduction and adduction.
→Turn towards, or away from, centre of body = rotation.
→Allows for a large range of movement, but easily dislocated.
