COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIT 5 REVISION NOTES
Digital Device = A physical unit of equipment that contains a computer or microcontroller such as a phone, tablet, smart watch,
laptop or digital assistants, such as Google home and Alexa.
5.2 Ethical and Legal issues
[5.2.1] Personal Data
Personal data = Any information relating to an identified or
identifiable living person.
It includes:
❖ Name.
❖ Age and gender.
❖ Interests.
❖ Identification numbers.
❖ Location.
❖ Usernames.
❖ Genetics and medical information.
, ❖ Economic data.
Personal data such as this is collected when you:
❖ Post an update on social media.
❖ Sign up for an account.
❖ Use a web-based email service.
❖ Use a search engine.
❖ Are in range of a surveillance camera.
The data is stored on servers belonging to online services such as Google and Facebook.
They are often used to provide personalised suggestions to keep you engaged.
Your personal is sold to other companies, which use it mostly for advertising and research purposes.
Privacy
People are concerned about the privacy implications of the storage and processing of their personal information.
They are concerned about the security of this data as weak security could result in personal information falling into the wrong hands.
This makes people vulnerable to fraud and identity theft.
There are laws to safeguard our safety. The most recent one in the UK is the Data Protection Act 2018.
General Data Protection Regulation [GDPR]:
This was introduced by the EU in 2018 and provides the strongest data protection laws in the world. It consists of 99 articles setting
out the rights of individuals and the obligations of organisations that collect, process, and store data.
The UK’s data laws are based on this directive.
One of the key rights is that of consent.
This consent must be:
❖ Freely given.
❖ Specific [what it will be used for].
❖ Informed [the identity of the organisation and how it will use the data].
❖ Able to be revoked [at any time].
Ownership
The Data Protection Act 2018:
❖ This Act concentrates mainly on the responsibilities of the data collectors and the legal problems they shall face if they
misuse the data and the rights of their data subjects [the people who submitted their personal data to them].
❖ However, this Act does not address the ownership of personal terms in legal terms and so firms like Google and Facebook are
very careful to avoid mentioning ownership in their data collection policies and instead focus on collecting and storing data.
Digital Device = A physical unit of equipment that contains a computer or microcontroller such as a phone, tablet, smart watch,
laptop or digital assistants, such as Google home and Alexa.
5.2 Ethical and Legal issues
[5.2.1] Personal Data
Personal data = Any information relating to an identified or
identifiable living person.
It includes:
❖ Name.
❖ Age and gender.
❖ Interests.
❖ Identification numbers.
❖ Location.
❖ Usernames.
❖ Genetics and medical information.
, ❖ Economic data.
Personal data such as this is collected when you:
❖ Post an update on social media.
❖ Sign up for an account.
❖ Use a web-based email service.
❖ Use a search engine.
❖ Are in range of a surveillance camera.
The data is stored on servers belonging to online services such as Google and Facebook.
They are often used to provide personalised suggestions to keep you engaged.
Your personal is sold to other companies, which use it mostly for advertising and research purposes.
Privacy
People are concerned about the privacy implications of the storage and processing of their personal information.
They are concerned about the security of this data as weak security could result in personal information falling into the wrong hands.
This makes people vulnerable to fraud and identity theft.
There are laws to safeguard our safety. The most recent one in the UK is the Data Protection Act 2018.
General Data Protection Regulation [GDPR]:
This was introduced by the EU in 2018 and provides the strongest data protection laws in the world. It consists of 99 articles setting
out the rights of individuals and the obligations of organisations that collect, process, and store data.
The UK’s data laws are based on this directive.
One of the key rights is that of consent.
This consent must be:
❖ Freely given.
❖ Specific [what it will be used for].
❖ Informed [the identity of the organisation and how it will use the data].
❖ Able to be revoked [at any time].
Ownership
The Data Protection Act 2018:
❖ This Act concentrates mainly on the responsibilities of the data collectors and the legal problems they shall face if they
misuse the data and the rights of their data subjects [the people who submitted their personal data to them].
❖ However, this Act does not address the ownership of personal terms in legal terms and so firms like Google and Facebook are
very careful to avoid mentioning ownership in their data collection policies and instead focus on collecting and storing data.
