NYSTCE Multi-Subject CST: Part 3, Arts & Sciences Exam Study Guide with complete solution
Altimeter - An instrument that uses air pressure to record height, such as the height of an airplane.
Anemometer - An instrument to measure wind speed.
Angiosperm - A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary, which may mature into a fruit.
Annuals - Plants that die after one growing season.
Asexual Reproduction - Reproduction involving ONE parent only.
Atmosphere - The Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen and oxygen. - atmosphere extends to the surface of about 10km.
- stratosphere extends from 10km to 50km
- mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km
- thermosphere extends beyond 80km
Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) - Light emission from the upper atmosphere that appear in many shapes and colors.
Bacillus - a rod-shaped bacteria.
Blood - Fluid that circulates throughout the body of an animal, distributing nutrients (usually oxygen).
Canopy - A layer of tree branches and other vegetation elevated above the ground.
Carbon Dioxide (C02) - A colorless, odorless gas that is important in the Earth's atmospheric greenhouse effect.
Carcinogen - A substance that can lead to cancer.
Carcinoma - A malignant (infectious) tumor, which forms in the skin and outside of internal organs.
Carnivore - An organism that eats meat, which includes animals, fungi, and plants. Ceilometer - An instrument that measures cloud height.
Cell - A fundamental unit of all light. The cell consists of an outer plasma membrane, the
cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA).
Celsius - A temperature scale which freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.
Chemical Properties - Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter. - change results in an entirely different kind of matter. - burning, tarnishing, rusting, decomposing
Chemotherapy - A cancer treatment that includes chemicals toxic to malignant (infected) cells.
Chinook Wind - A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.
Chlorophyll - The green substance that absorbs light during photosynthesis.
Chromosome - A single DNA molecule, a tightly coiled strand of DNA, condensed into a
compact structure.
Clone - An identical copy of an organism.
Cloud - A visible group of water or ice particles in the atmosphere.
Commensalism - A relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits from the other without affecting it.
Continental Divide - In the United States, the part of the western mountains that separates water flowing toward opposite side of the country.
Convection - The movement up in the atmosphere of heated moisture. Thunderstorms are often caused by convection.
Core - The portion of the Earth from beneath the mantle of the Earth's center.
Cross-Pollination - Fertilization of one plant by pollen from a different plant.
Diabetes - A disease related to lowered levels of insulin.
Diploid Cell - A cell with TWO copies of each chromosome.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - This primary component of chromosomes carries an organisms genetic code.
Altimeter - An instrument that uses air pressure to record height, such as the height of an airplane.
Anemometer - An instrument to measure wind speed.
Angiosperm - A group of plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary, which may mature into a fruit.
Annuals - Plants that die after one growing season.
Asexual Reproduction - Reproduction involving ONE parent only.
Atmosphere - The Earth's atmosphere is primarily nitrogen and oxygen. - atmosphere extends to the surface of about 10km.
- stratosphere extends from 10km to 50km
- mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km
- thermosphere extends beyond 80km
Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) - Light emission from the upper atmosphere that appear in many shapes and colors.
Bacillus - a rod-shaped bacteria.
Blood - Fluid that circulates throughout the body of an animal, distributing nutrients (usually oxygen).
Canopy - A layer of tree branches and other vegetation elevated above the ground.
Carbon Dioxide (C02) - A colorless, odorless gas that is important in the Earth's atmospheric greenhouse effect.
Carcinogen - A substance that can lead to cancer.
Carcinoma - A malignant (infectious) tumor, which forms in the skin and outside of internal organs.
Carnivore - An organism that eats meat, which includes animals, fungi, and plants. Ceilometer - An instrument that measures cloud height.
Cell - A fundamental unit of all light. The cell consists of an outer plasma membrane, the
cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA).
Celsius - A temperature scale which freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees.
Chemical Properties - Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter. - change results in an entirely different kind of matter. - burning, tarnishing, rusting, decomposing
Chemotherapy - A cancer treatment that includes chemicals toxic to malignant (infected) cells.
Chinook Wind - A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.
Chlorophyll - The green substance that absorbs light during photosynthesis.
Chromosome - A single DNA molecule, a tightly coiled strand of DNA, condensed into a
compact structure.
Clone - An identical copy of an organism.
Cloud - A visible group of water or ice particles in the atmosphere.
Commensalism - A relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits from the other without affecting it.
Continental Divide - In the United States, the part of the western mountains that separates water flowing toward opposite side of the country.
Convection - The movement up in the atmosphere of heated moisture. Thunderstorms are often caused by convection.
Core - The portion of the Earth from beneath the mantle of the Earth's center.
Cross-Pollination - Fertilization of one plant by pollen from a different plant.
Diabetes - A disease related to lowered levels of insulin.
Diploid Cell - A cell with TWO copies of each chromosome.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - This primary component of chromosomes carries an organisms genetic code.
