Introduction
I will use material from my research for this project to create an
illustrated report that explains and analyses the structure and
operation of the musculoskeletal system. I will assess relevant
musculoskeletal system conditions and their related therapies.
Completely assess the merits, drawbacks, advantages, and
disadvantages of numerous remedial measures and
complementary therapies suggested by medical experts for a
certain musculoskeletal condition. I'll go through the anatomy,
physiology, and functional responsibilities of the
musculoskeletal system as well as three distinct
musculoskeletal problems and the related corrective measures.
In addition, I will discuss and contrast the three ailments I have
chosen to study's curative therapies.
Musculoskeletal system
The musculoskeletal system provides mechanical support for
the body, protects internal organs and permits movement. It is
composed of bones, cartilage, skeletal muscles and connective
tissues such as tendons and ligaments.
,Bones also serve as the body’s main mineral reservoir, they
store calcium and phosphate and release them according to the
body’s needs. Red bone marrow is the body’s production centre
for blood cells. The central nervous system controls body
movements by stimulating skeletal muscles to contract.
Contraction of skeletal muscles moves bones which act as
levers. Bones articulate with each other through joints.
Cartilage provides padding for the ends of bones within joints.
Muscles are connected to bones by tendons, which bones are
held together by ligaments. Bones are classified according to
their shapes and corresponding functions:
- Long bones are responsible for most body movements
- Short bones provide some limited motion
- Flat bones and irregular bones are mainly protective and
supportive.
The bone tissue, or osseous tissue, is composed of bone cells
and characteristics extra cellular matrix. Bone matrix is made
of an organic component, mainly collagen and an inorganic
component of minerals, mainly calcium. Collagen gives bones
,flexibility while calcium provides stiffness. Without calcium,
bones would be soft and bend easily. On the other hand,
without collagen, bones would be brittle like chalk.
Bone renew and remodel throughout a person’s life in a a
process known as bone remodelling, which constantly removes
old bones tissue and adds new bone tissue. Bone remodelling
serves to reshape bones to adjust changing mechanical needs
and to repair every day micro-damages as well as fractures
following injuries. This process also underlies the mechanism
by which the constant levels of plasma calcium and phosphate
are maintained. Bone remodelling is performed by two types of
cells:
- Osteoclasts, which dissolve bone matrix
- Osteoblasts, which deposit new matrix around themselves
to form new bone tissue.
Bone remodelling is under control of complex signalling
pathways. Major regulators include parathyroid hormone,
vitamin D, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, thyroid
hormones, estrogen, and testosterone.
- Hypermobility
Hypermobility is the ability to move joints beyond the normal
range of movement. It is a type of inherited connective tissue
disorder but many with it do not suffer adverse effects. In fact,
it is an advantage to gymnasts, athletes and dancers. It is more
common in children, whose joints are supple , and in females .
Those with it are often described as ' double-jointed ' or ' loose
jointed '. Hitchhiker's thumb is one example. However, for a
small percentage of the population, hypermobility may be
associated with joint and ligament injuries, pain and fatigue. It
is a feature of an inherited condition, Marfan syndrome, and
can be life threatening. The joints are loose because they have
looser and more elastic connective tissues of ligaments and
tendons. The joint can move too much and dislocate or partially
dislocate ( subluxation ). Such injuries lead to acute pain and
, can cause chronic pain. Muscles have to work hard to stabilise
joints , and this can lead to muscle fatigue.
Treating the condition of joint hypermobility:
Joint hypermobility syndrome is incurable. The major kind of
treatment is increasing muscle strength and fitness to protect
your joints better. Your doctor may suggest that you seek the
opinion of a podiatrist, occupational therapist, or physical
therapist. These services are also available for private payment.
These physical treatments can:
- lessen discomfort and dislocation danger
- enhance your fitness and muscle strength
- Boost your balance and posture.
- Joint pain relief
Pain relief options include paracetamol and anti-inflammatory
pain relievers like ibuprofen, which comes in tablet, gel, and
spray forms. Ask a pharmacist which painkiller is best for you.
Stronger painkillers could be recommended by a doctor.
I will use material from my research for this project to create an
illustrated report that explains and analyses the structure and
operation of the musculoskeletal system. I will assess relevant
musculoskeletal system conditions and their related therapies.
Completely assess the merits, drawbacks, advantages, and
disadvantages of numerous remedial measures and
complementary therapies suggested by medical experts for a
certain musculoskeletal condition. I'll go through the anatomy,
physiology, and functional responsibilities of the
musculoskeletal system as well as three distinct
musculoskeletal problems and the related corrective measures.
In addition, I will discuss and contrast the three ailments I have
chosen to study's curative therapies.
Musculoskeletal system
The musculoskeletal system provides mechanical support for
the body, protects internal organs and permits movement. It is
composed of bones, cartilage, skeletal muscles and connective
tissues such as tendons and ligaments.
,Bones also serve as the body’s main mineral reservoir, they
store calcium and phosphate and release them according to the
body’s needs. Red bone marrow is the body’s production centre
for blood cells. The central nervous system controls body
movements by stimulating skeletal muscles to contract.
Contraction of skeletal muscles moves bones which act as
levers. Bones articulate with each other through joints.
Cartilage provides padding for the ends of bones within joints.
Muscles are connected to bones by tendons, which bones are
held together by ligaments. Bones are classified according to
their shapes and corresponding functions:
- Long bones are responsible for most body movements
- Short bones provide some limited motion
- Flat bones and irregular bones are mainly protective and
supportive.
The bone tissue, or osseous tissue, is composed of bone cells
and characteristics extra cellular matrix. Bone matrix is made
of an organic component, mainly collagen and an inorganic
component of minerals, mainly calcium. Collagen gives bones
,flexibility while calcium provides stiffness. Without calcium,
bones would be soft and bend easily. On the other hand,
without collagen, bones would be brittle like chalk.
Bone renew and remodel throughout a person’s life in a a
process known as bone remodelling, which constantly removes
old bones tissue and adds new bone tissue. Bone remodelling
serves to reshape bones to adjust changing mechanical needs
and to repair every day micro-damages as well as fractures
following injuries. This process also underlies the mechanism
by which the constant levels of plasma calcium and phosphate
are maintained. Bone remodelling is performed by two types of
cells:
- Osteoclasts, which dissolve bone matrix
- Osteoblasts, which deposit new matrix around themselves
to form new bone tissue.
Bone remodelling is under control of complex signalling
pathways. Major regulators include parathyroid hormone,
vitamin D, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, thyroid
hormones, estrogen, and testosterone.
- Hypermobility
Hypermobility is the ability to move joints beyond the normal
range of movement. It is a type of inherited connective tissue
disorder but many with it do not suffer adverse effects. In fact,
it is an advantage to gymnasts, athletes and dancers. It is more
common in children, whose joints are supple , and in females .
Those with it are often described as ' double-jointed ' or ' loose
jointed '. Hitchhiker's thumb is one example. However, for a
small percentage of the population, hypermobility may be
associated with joint and ligament injuries, pain and fatigue. It
is a feature of an inherited condition, Marfan syndrome, and
can be life threatening. The joints are loose because they have
looser and more elastic connective tissues of ligaments and
tendons. The joint can move too much and dislocate or partially
dislocate ( subluxation ). Such injuries lead to acute pain and
, can cause chronic pain. Muscles have to work hard to stabilise
joints , and this can lead to muscle fatigue.
Treating the condition of joint hypermobility:
Joint hypermobility syndrome is incurable. The major kind of
treatment is increasing muscle strength and fitness to protect
your joints better. Your doctor may suggest that you seek the
opinion of a podiatrist, occupational therapist, or physical
therapist. These services are also available for private payment.
These physical treatments can:
- lessen discomfort and dislocation danger
- enhance your fitness and muscle strength
- Boost your balance and posture.
- Joint pain relief
Pain relief options include paracetamol and anti-inflammatory
pain relievers like ibuprofen, which comes in tablet, gel, and
spray forms. Ask a pharmacist which painkiller is best for you.
Stronger painkillers could be recommended by a doctor.
