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Zusammenfassung/Klausurvorbereitung Diskrete Mathematik (Informatik)

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Wichtigsten Themen in der Diskreten Mathematik Zusammenfassung der Themen mit Erklärung, Veranschaulichung und Beispiele.

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Uploaded on
February 10, 2023
Number of pages
27
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Summary

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Diskrete Mathematik

, Aussagenlogik
Einstelliger Operator :



Negation -




Zweistellige Operatoren :



Konjunktion

^


Disjunktion v



Implikation →



Äquivalenz Implikation Äquivalenz
p q

p q
hinreichend notwendig hinreichend und notwendig
stärken /genauer) schwächer /ungenauer) gleichwertig




Zusammenhang zwischen Operatoren
Logische Äquivalenzregeln :




kontra position Ersetzen der durch - und v Ersetzender Äquivalenz durch Implikationen
Implikation

Ip g) Iq p)
# ^
→ q p p q ⇐ ipvq p- q →
-
→ →
p
-

q →




deMorganschelkege.lu Kommutativgesetze Distributivgesetz
( pn g)
pnlqvr / ⇐ ( pnq ) vlpnr )
-
- -
pn q pnq qnp

-
( pvq / -
Pv
-
9
pvq ⇐ qvp pvlqnr ) ⇐ (P V9 ) n ( pur )


Doppelte Negation

p #P




Logische Schluss regeln : rechte Seite soll wahr sein ,
wenn links wahr ist


Modus
poneus


(p →
g) np q NICHT WICHTIG
,


① WICHTIG !
>





sobald links wahr ist ,
soll rechts ebenfall wahr sein


• also
Äquivalenz ist nicht das Ziel !

, tollens
Modus
Inegation(
(p q)12q= 08
p
-(p 9)1P
-

-




Beweis durch Kontraposition and modern
powers
·




q)ge(
und
g amp folgt raus
·
wenn
(p =
=(p r) = q,
dann folgt auch aus
p




Superber (9) P(-p q)r(q =
- -
p) Kontraposition
7p -
p Kettenschluss

-xpvp Ersetzen der Implikation
pvp p
=
Negation
doppelte

Logische Einschränkung
p1q-pp1q 9
=




Ausschluss
Logischer

(prq) 12q P
=




Ersetzung vs (7 q <p) 12q

ModusPovens ↳P
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