ASU General Biology 181 Exam 1 Questions and Answers

A cancer cell will be anchorage-dependent for growth and immortal - ANSWER-False The paramecium discusses in class contained an organelle called the contractile vacuole. This is the presumed precursor of the: - ANSWER-Kidney In your own multicellular body, cells with different functions have different DNA - ANSWER-False A cell that is itself an organism must have a minimum of four needs presented in lecture. List these four things. - ANSWER-Food, shelter, find a mate and reproduce Comparing a single-celled eukaryotic organism with a multicellular organism such as yourself identify the major difference from the list below. - ANSWER-Division of Labor What limits the paramecium from acquiring more complex functions? - ANSWER-The paramecium has a limited amount of space for biological molecular machinery within its cytoplasm. In Cell Biology what can limit the progress of science? - ANSWER-Technology Compared to bacteria which of the cell types below are not responsible for finding food - ANSWER-Lymphocyte, Macrophage, and Fibroblast The contractile vacuole of the paramecium is possibly an evolutionary precursor of the kidney - ANSWER-True A single celled eukaryotic organism - ANSWER-Has a limited number of biomolecular machines. Must find food, shelter, a mate and reproduce Escape from predators In your own multicellular body, different cells in your body have a division of labor between them. - ANSWER-True A normal cell is anchorage dependent for growth and mortal - ANSWER-True The paramecium swims by way of using flagella - ANSWER-False In order to examine cells which are smaller than can be detected by the human senses what needs to be used? - ANSWER-Technology A cell that is anchorage-dependent for growth will also exhibit contact inhibition. - ANSWER-True In an extant prokaryotic cell, the outer boundary of life is the capsule. - ANSWER-False It is presumed that the peroxisomes evolved in these primitive, proto-eukaryotes to remove oxygen, which was toxic to the primitive cells - ANSWER-True What limits the size of a cell? - ANSWER-surface area to volume ratio The ancient earth did not contain much oxygen - ANSWER-True Ribosomes bound to some of the membrane invaginations in the endomembrane theory - ANSWER-True Loss of the cell wall was required for the endomembrane system theory - ANSWER-True DNA in extant prokaryotic cells is circular - ANSWER-True The association of ribosomes with BLANK investigations would support the BLANK theory - ANSWER- After a cell is pancake shaped in a cell culture dish, the order of events that occurs as a cell walks is (pick the best order): - ANSWER-Filapodia, lamellipodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber. TEM provides a thin, two-dimensional section of the object being studied - ANSWER-True The presumed first stes in the transition of the primitive, proto-prokaryotic cell into the primitive proto-eukaryotic cell was the loss of the cell wall - ANSWER-True The cytoskeleton enabled the primitive cell to become motile - ANSWER-True When cancer cells are crowded by surrounding cels, the cancer cells become spherical and they can still go through cell division - ANSWER-True Why is it important to know the limitations of technology? - ANSWER- The cytoskeleton gave rise to the nuclear envelope - ANSWER-False The end of the retraction fiber touching the cell culture plate still contains the cell equivalent of super-glue. - ANSWER-True List one one limitation of the cell culture technique - ANSWER-Some cells can't grow in a cell culture A normal cell is BLANk and BLANK for growth - ANSWER- Loss of the cell wall is required for the endosymbiotic theory - ANSWER-True Fluorescent microscopy is a form of light microscopy - ANSWER-True Motility improves the fitness of these early cells because - ANSWER-It allowed them to move away from predators and towards food A single pass trans-membrane protein that is an alpha helix can make a channel - ANSWER-False Facilitated diffusion uses a channel protein to let components move down their concentration gradient - ANSWER-True When a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane the contents of the lumen of the vesicle are - ANSWER-Ligands that are used in cell communication The ER is contiguous with the Golgi apparatus - ANSWER-False What are the two functions of a membrane? - ANSWER-1. Keep water out (barrier) 2. Compartmentalize enzymes to increase the efficiency of chemical reactions Cholesterol is BLANK to have in biological membranes - ANSWER- Active transport uses ATP to move components in parallel with thei concentration gradient, that is: from a high concentration to a low concentration - ANSWER-False It is a simple matter (i.e., thermodynamically favorable) for a vesicle to form from the endoplasmic reticulum. - ANSWER-False For a proton to enter the endoplasmic reticulum as part of the endoplasmic reticulum's lumen or part of the endoplasmic reticulum's membrane - ANSWER-A ribosome binds to the mRNA and a short stretch of protein is synthesized that contains a signal sequence The plasma membrane gets new lipids from - ANSWER-none of the above (endomembrane system) The ER is contiguous with the nuclear envelope - ANSWER-True If something is soluble in water a of hydration forms around it and it is termed - ANSWER-Hydrophilic (water loving) Amino acids can be largely subdivided into two groups. What are the two groups? - ANSWER-R-Group NCC Chromosomes are made out of Euchromatin - ANSWER-False Heterochromatin does not exist in interphase nuclei - ANSWER-False The actin filament system is present in the nucleus - ANSWER-False To get into the nucleus a component has to have the correct signal sequence and pass through a nucleus pore - ANSWER-True The diameter of an intermediate filament is 25nm - ANSWER-False The actin filament system extends outside of the cell - ANSWER-False Naked DNA does not exist in Nature but scientists can make naked DNA in a test tube - ANSWER-True Cilia and microvilli contain a similar number of parallel actin filaments - ANSWER-False Molecular motors use ATP as the energy source to power the molecular motors - ANSWER-True