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Unit 1, d1 Level 3 applied science

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April 14, 2016
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Written in
2014/2015
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Unit 1, Assignment 1,
D1

, How standard solutions and
titrations are prepared in the
industry.
A standard solution is a solution of accurately known concentration prepared from a primary standard that is weig
accurately and made up to a fixed volume. The concentration is usually able to find a concentration of another
substance with in the solution. It is essential that the right mass of the substances are correctly measured and th
are efficiently transported to a volumetric flask.
Once the acid titre concentration has been recognised through use of titrating against the known concentration o
alkali solution, then an acid titre can be used as a standard solution. Via the use of a standard solution, an analys
chemical type is able to be proficient. Diverse known standard solutions and their absorbance at certain waveleng
compared to varying concentration changes in their absorbance of light at specific wavelength and the same solu
determine its concentration.
Standard solutions are prepared in their approximate concentrations and are then standardised against recognise
primary standards. The primary standards are all very pure chemicals that can be further purified by drying in an
and cooling down in a vacuum desiccator over phosphorus pentoxide. Primary standards for acids, alkalis and oxi
agents are anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium hydrogen phthalate and potassium iodate. In industry you us
so frequently that you get to know their molecular weights by heart.
Once you have standardised solutions of acid, alkali and sodium thiosulfate you use these to standardise other w
solutions, so that you have a hierarchy of standards, with the primary standards being the most reliable.
The processes which are done in the industry could possible take places without the need of the involvement of t
laboratory staff. This can also mean that the machines are able to read the results from for the end point really qu
and extremely precise. In the industrial production scale maybe large the laboratory testing and the quality assur
could be possibly on a small scale and could still be done manually although it will be going on at all times and co
many points within the manufacturing process.
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