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samenvatting kindertandheelkunde

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dit is de samenvatting van de lessen kindertandheelkunde als onderdeel van het vak 'mondzorg bij bijzondere doelgroepen'

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December 24, 2022
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kindertandheelkunde
Samenvatting mondzorg bij bijzondere doelgroepen

, Inhoud
1 Dentomaxillofaciale radiologie ....................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Geschiedenis .......................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Tandheelkundige radiografie ANNO 2022 .............................................................................. 3
1.2.1 Soorten straling .............................................................................................................. 3
1.2.2 Verschillende technieken................................................................................................ 4
1.2.3 Soorten radiografieën ..................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Conclusies ............................................................................................................................... 7
2 Dento-alveolaire traumatologie en chirurgie ................................................................................. 8
2.1 Anamnese/ onderzoek ........................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Gebitstrauma: classificatie ..................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Concussie ........................................................................................................................ 9
2.2.2 Subluxatie ....................................................................................................................... 9
2.2.3 Extrusie ........................................................................................................................... 9
2.2.4 Laterale luxatie ............................................................................................................... 9
2.2.5 Intrusie ......................................................................................................................... 10
2.2.6 Avulsie .......................................................................................................................... 10
2.2.7 Kroonfracturen ............................................................................................................. 11
2.2.8 Wortelfracturen ............................................................................................................ 12
2.2.9 Fractuur van processus alveolaris ................................................................................. 12
2.2.10 Weke delen letsel ......................................................................................................... 12
2.3 Kaakfracturen ....................................................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Le fort I: ........................................................................................................................ 12
2.3.2 Le fort II: ....................................................................................................................... 12
2.3.3 Le fort III: ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.4 Orthognatische chirurgie ...................................................................................................... 13
3 Frenula en frenulectomie ............................................................................................................. 14
4 Ontwikkelingsstoornissen ............................................................................................................ 15
4.1 Tandafwijkingen ................................................................................................................... 15
4.1.1 Stoornissen in aantal .................................................................................................... 15
4.1.2 Stoornissen in vorm ...................................................................................................... 16
4.1.3 Ontwikkelingsstoornis .................................................................................................. 18
4.2 Kleurafwijkingen ................................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Doorbraakstoornissen .......................................................................................................... 21
5 Oncologie en de mond ................................................................................................................. 22
6 Behandelingen en procedures kindertandheelkunde .................................................................. 24

1

, 6.1 Pulpotomie ........................................................................................................................... 24
6.2 Pulparegeneratie .................................................................................................................. 24
6.3 MTA ...................................................................................................................................... 24
6.4 Tandtransplantaties .............................................................................................................. 24
6.5 Stalen kroon ......................................................................................................................... 25
6.6 Ruimtehouders ..................................................................................................................... 25
7 Omgaan met kinderen .................................................................................................................. 26
7.1 Communicatie met kind/patiënt .......................................................................................... 26
7.2 Valstrikken en hoe ermee omgaan ....................................................................................... 26
7.3 Psychologische ontwikkeling ................................................................................................ 27
7.4 Angst/vrees/fobie ................................................................................................................. 27
7.4.1 Uiting van angst ............................................................................................................ 28
7.4.2 Mogelijke aanpak van angstige patiënten .................................................................... 28
7.4.3 Bewuste VS onbewuste sedatie .................................................................................... 28
7.5 Omgaan met personen met een beperking .......................................................................... 29
8 Schisis ........................................................................................................................................... 30
8.1 Ontstaan ............................................................................................................................... 30
8.2 Definitie en incidentie .......................................................................................................... 30
8.3 Fenotypes ............................................................................................................................. 31
8.4 Schisisteam ........................................................................................................................... 31
8.5 Schisis en syndromen ........................................................................................................... 32
9 Temporomandibulaire dysfuncties ............................................................................................... 33
9.1 Articulatio temporomandibularis ......................................................................................... 33
9.2 Gewrichtsligamenten ........................................................................................................... 34
9.2.1 Ligamentum temporomandibularis .............................................................................. 34
9.2.2 Ligamentum stylomandibularis .................................................................................... 34
9.2.3 Ligamentum sphenomandibularis ................................................................................ 34
9.3 Articulatio temoromandibularis ........................................................................................... 34
9.3.1 Samengestelde bewegingen: laterale deviatie ............................................................. 35
9.4 Dysfunctie en pijn ................................................................................................................. 35
9.4.1 Onderzoeken ................................................................................................................ 35
9.4.2 Orofaciale pijn .............................................................................................................. 36
9.4.3 Tandpijn ........................................................................................................................ 36




2

,1 Dentomaxillofaciale radiologie
1.1 Geschiedenis
William Conrad Röntgen

-> 8 november 1895
-> experimenten met elektromagnetische golven
-> X-rays
-> hand van vrouw (15min)

13 januari 1896
-> William presenteert zijn bevindingen in Berlijn

23 januari 1896
-> nieuw soort straling gepresenteerd

5 november
-> Thompson presenteert Röntgens ontdekking in Londen

12 januari 1896
-> 1e dentale radiografie door Dr. Otto Walkhoff (25min)

Februari 1896
-> Dr. Walter Köning dentale radiografie in 9 min

1901 -> nobelprijs voor William Conrad Röntgen

1940 -> OPG

1997 -> CBCT



1.2 Tandheelkundige radiografie ANNO 2022
1.2.1 Soorten straling
Ioniserende straling:

- tweedimentionele radiografie
-> intraorale radiografie
- bitewing
- peri-apicale
- occlusale
-> extraorale radiografie
- panoramisch
- cefalometrisch
- schuin lateraal
- driedimensioneel
-> CBCT
-> CT

Niet ioniserende straling
- ultrasonografie/ echografie
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)


3

,1.2.2 Verschillende technieken
Parallel techniek:

- X-stralen loodrecht op beeld detector

Bissectrice techniek:
- als de parallel techniek niet mogelijk is
- X-stralen loodrecht op denkbeeldige bissectrice tussen de lengte-as van de tand en die van
de beeld detector

Parallax of SLOB regel:
- Same Lingual Opposite Buccal
- achterste element komt tevoorschijn aan de kant van de bron



1.2.3 Soorten radiografieën
Schuine laterale radiografie:

- zeer zeldzaam toegepast
- eerder kiezen voor OPG




Panoramische radiografie:
= OPG

- röntgenbron en beeld detector draaien simultaan rond hoofd van patiënt
- patiënt moet uiterst stil blijven zitten
- stralenbundel wordt gecollimeerd tot een smalle verticale bundel
- de stralenbundel wijst 8 à 12° naar boven, waardoor vervorming en vergroting optreden




4

, Cephalometrische radiografie:
- vaak gebruikt in de orthodontie en de orthognatische chirurgie




CBCT (conebeam computed tomography):
- de stralenbundel is gecollimeerd tot een piramide vorm
- de stralen bundel roteert synchroon met de beeld detector rond het hoofd van patiënt
- er wordt een ‘single volume’ bekomen
- veel toestellen zien eruit als een panoramische machiene




Medische CT of Multislice CT:
- de stralenbron is gecollimeerd tot een smalle waaiervorm.
- de stralenbron roteert synchroon met een reeks beeld detectoren
- de constructie staat verticaal
- de patiënt ligt op een horizontale tafel, doorheen de opening tussen de bron en de detector
- de tafel schuift doorheen de opening en het beeld wordt in lagen opgebouwd (hoe sneller,
hoe dikker, hoe trager, hoe dunner de lagen)




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