SCIN 131 Lesson 4 Quiz

SCIN 131 Lesson 4 Quiz Question 1 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `In terms of the size of the atom, which of these is the smallest? A.Ne B.Be C.O D.B E.Li Answer Key: A Feedback: Good. See section 9.9 Question 2 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `If you were to put the different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum (as discussed in THIS lesson) in the correct order from shortest to longest, which would be third? A.ultraviolet B.microwaves C.infrared D.x-rays E.radio waves Answer Key: C Feedback: Good. See section 9.3 Question 3 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `In terms of frequency, which of these is the highest? A. Infrared Radiation B. Radio Waves C.X-rays D.Microwaves E.Gamma Rays Answer Key: E Feedback: Good. See section 9.3 Question 4 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `Which of the following is best represented as a sphere? A.f B.d C.p D.s E.not enough information Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 9.5 Question 5 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `The letter associated with each subshell tells us what, specifically? Choose the one best answer. A. the principal quantum number of the orbital. B. the principal shell of the orbital. C. the maximum number of electrons. D. the three dimensional shape of the orbital. E. none of the above Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 9.5 Question 6 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `If the center atom has four groups of electrons around it, what type of electron geometry is present? A. trigonal bipyramidal B. trigonal planar C.linear D.tetrahedral E.not enough information Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 10.7 Question 7 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `Suppose you were given carbon tetrachloride to use as a solvent. You could use it to dissolve which of these compounds? A.NH3 B.CS2 C. NaCl D. all of the compounds E. none of the compounds Answer Key: B Feedback: Good. See sections 10.7-10.8 Question 8 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `Use Lewis theory to draw the structure of the sulfate polyatomic ion. What would you find surrounding the central atom of this ion? A. two bonding and two unshared pairs of electrons. B. three bonding and one unshared pair of electrons. C. two double bonds and no unshared pairs of electrons. D. one bonding and three unshared pairs of electrons. E. none of the above. Answer Key: E Feedback: Good. See section 10.5 Question 9 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `We learned in this lesson that there are different types of bonds based on electronegativity. One bond type is known as polar covalent. Which choice below has this bond type? A.H2 B.NaCl C.H2O D.all of the compounds E.none of the compounds Answer Key: C Feedback: Good. See section 10.8 Question 10 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points `If you were to use Lewis theory to predict the formula for the compound between sulfur and aluminum, it would most likely be A.Al2S B.AlS C.Al2S3 D.AlBr3 E.none of the above Answer Key: C Feedback: Good. See section 10.3 Part 3 of 3 - 10.0/ 10.0 Points Question 11 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points `A drug task force involving local, state, and federal officers raided a suspected illegal dealing facility. They ran a preliminary field test on a product they found that appeared to be crushed pills or powder, and it tested postitive as being cocaine. This was done using a test solution that turns blue if cocaine is present. However, the report indicates the result was actually a bluish-purple color, and the defense lawyer later used this to accuse the lab techs of using contaminated or wrong chemicals, and that they instead possibly used the test for morphine, which turns purple for a positive result. The difference here is that the defendant had prescriptions for morphine, which would prevent him from going to prison. The field test for morphine contains formaldehyde (CH2O, where C is the central atom). The test for cocaine contains chloroform (CCl3H, where C is the central atom). An independent lab tested the solutions used in the field test, and determined that there were no molecules present whose ELECTRON geometry were trigonal planar. So, does the defense have a case based on this evidence? What does this evidence prove? (Remember: The question asks about electron geometry, not molecular geometry.) So based on the evidence the defense would not have a case. For the field test that contains the formaldehyde is a trigonal planar in both its molecular and electron geometry. However the chloroform test will show a electron geometry of tetrahedral. Through deductive reasoning, it will show that there was no cross contamination of the test and that the correct test was used in the field. Feedback: This involves Lewis Strucures from Chapter 10 Comment: Good job Question 12 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points Discuss the importance of the octet rule in this lesson. What is it? Why is it important relative to what we learned in this lesson? Are there any exceptions to this rule? If so, explain in detail. Be sure to base your answer on what we discussed in THIS class and use the terminology from the course materials. The Octet rule is mainly about stability with chemical bonds. The atoms want to be stable and will transfer or share to obtain 8 electrons in their valence shell. Once 8 electrons are achieved it will be extremely stable. There are exceptions to the rule for example hydrogen and lithium will both be stable with only 2 electrons. The importance of the rule is it helps with identifying and predicting how elements will react to form bonds and how reactions will occur. Feedback: This is discussed in chapters 9 and 10 Comment: Excellent