Summary Chinese basic and intermediate grammar rules

Week 1 grammar points



• A + 比 + B + adjective/verb phrase（+degree/amount）

Basic comparison。

A is more ‘adjective’ than B。

Negative sentence 1：A + 没有 + B + adjective/verb phrase

Negative sentence 2：A + 不比 + B + adjective/verb phrase （very small difference）

• A + 比 + B + 更/还 + adjective/verb phrase

Comparison to indicate two things are both ‘adjective’ but A is more than B。

更 is used widely。还 is used for sentences evoking surprise or scepticism。

• A + 不如 + B （+adjective/verb）

Comparison of negation。It indicates A is less ‘adjective’ than B。

不如 means “not as good as”；if adjective, ”not as ‘adjective’ as“；if verb，”A does not ‘verb’ as
well as B“。

得 can be placed before （no verb）or after （不如+verb+得）。

• A + 像 + B + 一样

Comparison to indicate two things share a similar quality。

• Verb + 上

“Done successfully”

Shang is used as a result complement。There are many types of result complements。They indicate
the verb has been successfully undergone。

关上门 = to close the door (successfully)

穿上衣服 = to put clothes on

带上东西 = to bring/carry things with you

拉上窗帘 = to draw the curtains

• Verb + 并 + verb

Used to connect two verbs of equal importance。This should be verbs happening at the same time
and not sequential。