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Samenvatting Klinische Psychiatrie

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Samenvatting hoorcolleges door prof Van West. Tip: leer alle klinische kenmerken vanbuiten & zorg ervoor dat je alle andere leerstof kan uitleggen. Als je studeert, moet je kunnen slagen. Succes! Had 13/20 in eerste zit.

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March 21, 2022
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KLINISCHE PSYCHIATRIE

Abstract
Samenvatting hoorcolleges gedoceerd door prof Dirk Van West in academiejaar 2021-2022 aan de VUB
QUIZLET https://quizlet.com/be/624415335/klinische-psychiatrie-flash-cards/




Justine Michiels

,Praktisch
- Examen
o Slides bevatten de leerstof
o Handboek niet nodig
o OPEN VRAGEN

Table of Contents
Praktisch................................................................................................................................................1
1. Inleiding: gebruik van de DSM-5........................................................................................................6
1.1. Psychopathologie/ psychiatrische stoornis.................................................................................6
1.2. Classificatie.................................................................................................................................7
1.3. Diagnostiek.................................................................................................................................8
1.4. Globale veranderingen DSM-5....................................................................................................9
2. Inleiding: normaliteit & psychpathologie.........................................................................................11
2.1. Normaliteit................................................................................................................................11
2.2. Epidemiologie...........................................................................................................................12
2.3. Geschiedenis van de psychiatrie...............................................................................................14
3. Inleiding: genetica............................................................................................................................15
3.1. Fysiopathogenese.....................................................................................................................15
3.2. Psychopathogenese..................................................................................................................17
3.3. Het psychiatrisch onderzoek.....................................................................................................22
4. Neurocognitieve stoornissen..........................................................................................................23
4.1. Het geheugen............................................................................................................................23
4.1.1. Ouderdom..........................................................................................................................24
4.1.2. Neuropsychologische testen..............................................................................................24
4.2. Dementie..................................................................................................................................25
4.2.1. Geheugen en veroudering.................................................................................................25
4.2.2. Klinische kenmerken..........................................................................................................25
4.2.3. Ziekte van Alzheimer..........................................................................................................27
4.2.4. Vasculaire dementie..........................................................................................................29
4.2.5. Frontotemporale dementie...............................................................................................29
4.2.6. Dementia met Lewy Bodies (DLB)......................................................................................29
4.2.7. Andere vormen..................................................................................................................30
4.2.8. Diagnostiek........................................................................................................................30
4.2.9. Overlap symptomatologie..................................................................................................31
4.2.10. Behandeling.....................................................................................................................31

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, 4.3. Delirium....................................................................................................................................32
4.4. Amnetische stoornissen............................................................................................................33
5. Middelen gerelateerde stoornissen.................................................................................................34
5.1. Stoornissen in het gebruik........................................................................................................34
5.1.1. Middelenmisbruik..............................................................................................................34
5.1.2. Middelenafhankelijkheid...................................................................................................34
5.2. Stoornissen door het gebruik....................................................................................................35
5.2.1. Intoxicatie..........................................................................................................................35
5.2.2. Onthouding........................................................................................................................35
5.3. Psychoactieve stoffen...............................................................................................................35
5.4. Diagnostiek...............................................................................................................................39
5.5. Ethiopathogenese.....................................................................................................................40
5.6. Prognose...................................................................................................................................41
5.7. Behandeling..............................................................................................................................41
6. Schizofrenie en andere psychotische stoornissen...........................................................................42
6.1. Klinische criteria........................................................................................................................42
6.2. Kenmerken................................................................................................................................42
6.2.1. Denkstoornissen................................................................................................................43
6.2.2. Waarnemingsstoornissen..................................................................................................44
6.2.3. Ernstig chaotisch of katatoon gedrag.................................................................................44
6.2.4. Negatieve symptomen.......................................................................................................44
6.3. Co-morbiditeit...........................................................................................................................45
6.4. Differentiële diagnostiek...........................................................................................................45
6.5. Diagnostiek...............................................................................................................................45
6.6. Epidemiologie...........................................................................................................................46
6.7. Ethiopathogenese.....................................................................................................................47
6.8. Prodromen................................................................................................................................47
6.9. Genetische factoren..................................................................................................................48
6.10. Neurobiologische afwijkingen.................................................................................................48
6.11. Preventie.................................................................................................................................49
6.12. Behandeling............................................................................................................................49
6.12.1. Medicatie.........................................................................................................................49
6.12.2. Psychosociale interventies...............................................................................................50
6.13. Beloop.....................................................................................................................................50
6.14. Schizofreniforme stoornis: klinische criteria...........................................................................51
6.15. Schizoaffectieve stoornis: klinische criteria.............................................................................51

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, 6.16. Waanstoornis: klinische criteria..............................................................................................51
6.17. Kortdurende psychotische stoornis: klinische criteria............................................................52
6.18. Gedeelde psychotische stoornis: klinische criteria.................................................................52
7. Stemmingsstoornissen.....................................................................................................................52
7.1. Definities episodes....................................................................................................................52
7.1.1. Symptoomcriteria (5 of meer) depressieve episode..........................................................52
7.1.2. Symptoomcriteria manische episode.................................................................................53
7.1.3. Symptoomcriteria hypomane episode...............................................................................54
7.1.4. Symptoomcriteria gemengde episode...............................................................................54
7.2. Kenmerken stemmingsstoornissen: unipolaire stemmingsstoornissen....................................54
7.2.1. Specificities depressieve stoornis.......................................................................................54
7.2.2. Dysthyme stoornis.............................................................................................................55
7.3. Kenmerken stemmingsstoornissen: bipolaire stemmingstoornissen........................................55
7.3.1. Algemeen...........................................................................................................................55
7.3.2. Cyclothyme stoornis...........................................................................................................56
7.4. Diagnostiek...............................................................................................................................56
7.5. Epidemiologie...........................................................................................................................57
7.6. Ethiopathogenese/ fysiopathogenese......................................................................................57
7.7. Behandeling..............................................................................................................................60
7.7.1. Algemeen...........................................................................................................................60
7.7.2. Psychotherapie..................................................................................................................60
7.7.3. Psychofarmaca...................................................................................................................61
7.7.4. Andere behandelingen.......................................................................................................61
7.8. Suïcide.......................................................................................................................................62
7.8.1. Prevalentie.........................................................................................................................62
7.8.2. Suïcidaal proces.................................................................................................................63
7.8.3. Waarschuwingssignalen.....................................................................................................64
7.8.4. Exploratie suïcidaliteit........................................................................................................65
8. Angststoornissen.............................................................................................................................65
8.1. Inleiding....................................................................................................................................65
8.1.1. Begrip angst.......................................................................................................................65
8.1.2. Cerebraal hersen-angstcircuit............................................................................................66
8.2. Behandeling..............................................................................................................................66
8.2.1. Generieke behandeling......................................................................................................66
8.2.2. Specifieke fobie..................................................................................................................66
8.2.3. Paniekstoornis....................................................................................................................67

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