BASAL GANGLIA
-NEUROANATOMY AND FUNCTION-
Motility –Organization of Motor Pathways
•Many (more than6) parts of the nervous system are engagedprimarily in the control
of movement:
2 subcortical systems:
•the basal ganglia (striatum,pallidum, and related structures, including the substantia
nigra and subthalamic nucleus)
•the cerebellum
•Each system playsan important role in the control of muscle tone, posture, and
coordination of movement by virtue of its connections, via thalamocortical fibers, with
the cortico spinal system and other descending cortical pathways.
1
, Similarities between the Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
•Components of motor system
•influence the cerebral cortical activity via the thalamus
•linked with the cerebral cortex via recurrent loops
•have internal circuitry that modulates loops activity
•receive modulating inputs that influence their activity:
„Climbing fibers” for cerebellum
Dopamine inputs for basal ganglia
Role of Basal Ganglia
2
-NEUROANATOMY AND FUNCTION-
Motility –Organization of Motor Pathways
•Many (more than6) parts of the nervous system are engagedprimarily in the control
of movement:
2 subcortical systems:
•the basal ganglia (striatum,pallidum, and related structures, including the substantia
nigra and subthalamic nucleus)
•the cerebellum
•Each system playsan important role in the control of muscle tone, posture, and
coordination of movement by virtue of its connections, via thalamocortical fibers, with
the cortico spinal system and other descending cortical pathways.
1
, Similarities between the Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
•Components of motor system
•influence the cerebral cortical activity via the thalamus
•linked with the cerebral cortex via recurrent loops
•have internal circuitry that modulates loops activity
•receive modulating inputs that influence their activity:
„Climbing fibers” for cerebellum
Dopamine inputs for basal ganglia
Role of Basal Ganglia
2
