Chapter 12: Cardiovascular Alterations Test Bank

1. The patient is admitted with a suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI). In assessing the 12- lead electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, which findings would indicate to the nurse that the patient is in the process of an evolving Q wave myocardial infarction(MI)? a. ST-segment elevation on ECG and elevated CPK-MB or troponin levels b. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and elevated total CPK c. Depressed ST-segment on ECG and normal cardiac enzymes d. Q wave on ECG with normal enzymes and troponin levels ANS: A ST segment elevation and elevated cardiac enzymes are seen in Q wave MI. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 302, 311 | Table 12-6 OBJ: Identify specific nursing interventions designed to prevent secondary occurrences or to minimize complications of cardiac and vascular patients. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 2. The nurse is assessing a patient with left-sided heart failure. Which symptom would the nurse expect to find? a. Dependent edema b. Distended neck veins c. Dyspnea and crackles d. Nausea and vomiting ANS: C In left-sided heart failure, signs and symptoms are related to pulmonary congestion. Dependent edema and distended neck veins are related to right-sided heart failure. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: pp. 326-327 | Box 12-11 | Box 12-12 OBJ: Contrast the pathological cause and effect mechanisms that produce acute cardiac disturbances. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 3. A patient is admitted with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The nurse knows that an angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE) inhibitor should be started within 24 hours to reduce the incidence of which process?