Information Technology - Final Test (SOPHIA PATHWAY) BEST FOR 2022 ACTUAL EXAM

Information Technology - Final Test (SOPHIA PATHWAY) Jeffrey consults with company leaders to identify ways in which IT can help the organization to reach its goals. Jeffrey is working in a/an __________ role for his company. • infrastructure and equipment management • network development and maintenance • planning • information technology support RATIONALE Jeffrey's role is planning, which involves consulting with an organization's leaders to identify ways in which IT can help that organization to achieve its goals. Jeffery is also responsible for monitoring the implementation of planned activities, and exercising control of his organization's IT resources, to ensure improvement and success. CONCEPT Information Technology in the Workplace 2 Alexis received an email message from an unknown sender that included an attachment. If she opens the attachment, what kind of malicious software might be activated, and what are the consequences? • Opening the attachment would release a worm, which would infect her system with a virus. • Opening the attachment would release a passive worm, which would infect her system with adware. • Opening the attachment would release a worm, which would infect her system with spyware. • Opening the attachment would release an active worm, which would infect her system with adware. RATIONALE Senders can transmit files to recipients by attaching them to email messages. Like "junk mail" delivered by the postal service, email users regularly receive unsolicited messages from unknown senders. These messages sometimes contain links to malicious websites or include attachments that contain malicious software (e.g., a worm). CONCEPT Network Security 3 Which of the following does NOT include both input and output components? • Video card • Touchscreen monitor • A portable SSD drive • A printer with a scanner RATIONALE The video card, also known as the graphics processing unit (GPU), generates images on a monitor and is an internal data processing component. A printer with a scanner, a touchscreen monitor, and a portable SSD drive are examples of input AND output devices because they enable users to receive information from a computing system, and send information into a computing system. CONCEPT Computer Components and Roles 4 Which of the following is NOT an example of computer software? • OS X • Firefox • Windows Media Player • ROM RATIONALE Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of nonvolatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. ROM is not software. CONCEPT Computer Software 5 Select the true statement about the motherboard. • It provides much of the electrical connection between different computer parts. • It executes the commands sent to it by the application software. • It acts as the working memory of the computer by transferring data from the hard disk for processing. • It acts as a storage point for read-only memory (ROM). RATIONALE A motherboard is a printed circuit board that contains the principal components of a computer or other device. It includes connectors into which other circuit boards can be slotted. A motherboard provides much of the bus of the computer, and is the main circuit board where the memory, storage, and CPU connect. CONCEPT Internal Computer Hardware 6 Kirby visited a sweepstakes website and agreed to download a new program. Later, when he tried to use a word processing program, his document files became corrupted. How can Kirby try to remove the offending program and prevent future attacks? • Kirby should change the password on his computer. • Kirby should use WPA network encryption. • Kirby should install a biometric reader. • Kirby should run an antivirus program. RATIONALE Kirby should try to remove the offending program by running an antivirus program. To solve problems resulting from Kirby's risky online behavior, his computer should be scanned to locate and eliminate viruses, malware, and spyware. CONCEPT Network Security 7 __________ is a social media and microblogging site that enables users to post multimedia content to a short-form blog. • QQ • • Tumblr • Instagram RATIONALE Tumblr is a popular microblogging platform for creative self-expression. Users post blog entries on a myriad of topics. It is considered to be a alternative to Facebook and other social media websites. Instagram, QQ, and are not blog-based platforms. CONCEPT Benefits and Risks of Social Media 8 __________, developed by OpenOffice, is an example of word processing software. • Numbers • Writer • Keynote • Impress RATIONALE Writer is OpenOffice's word processing application. Numbers is an example of spreadsheet software developed by Apple. Keynote (developed by Apple) and Impress (developed by OpenOffice) are presentation applications. CONCEPT Selecting Software 9 Ashlee recently traveled with friends during spring break. She used her cellular Android device to change the settings on her home security system. When she finished, she began to play a game, using an e-reader equipped with a touch screen. Which device did Ashlee NOT use in this scenario? • A smartphone • A laptop • A tablet • An integrated computer system RATIONALE Ashley used a cellular Android device (smartphone), an easy chair to play a game (integrated computer systems) and an e-reader with a touch screen (tablet). Ashley did not use a laptop. CONCEPT Types of Computers 10 Clay works for a company that has offices in major cities across the United States. His department regularly holds videoconferences with teams in the other branches. Which type of network does Clay's business most likely use for videoconferencing? • WAN • LAN • PAN • MAN RATIONALE Clay's business uses a wide area network (WAN) — a type of computer network that covers a large geographical area, such as an area that includes cities across the United States. The other network types listed are not suitable because their range is not large enough to connect locations across the country. CONCEPT Computer Network Types 11 Josephine recently bought an item online. The next time she visited the seller's website, a list of items related to her recent purchase were conspicuously displayed. Josephine is experiencing an example of automation known as __________. • online software application • automated billing • importing/exporting data • advertising and marketing RATIONALE Josephine is experiencing advertising and marketing. Most websites use historical data about user behavior to offer products that fit the user's preferences and needs. CONCEPT Process Automation and Computers 12 Which of the following correctly describes a record? • A record is a single database with a single table of information. • A record is referred to as a tuple. • A record contains only quantitative information. • A record appears as a column in a table. RATIONALE A record is a single row on a table in a database. A record contains the information about a particular item in the table. Records are also called tuples. CONCEPT Introduction to Databases 13 Sarah is creating custom reports from her company's database. Select the set of file types that Sarah will use to create these reports. • .csv and .pptx • .txt and .dat • .sql and .xml • .tif and .db RATIONALE The set of file types that Sarah will use to create these reports is .sql and .xml. CONCEPT Application Software File Types and Formats 14 Which productivity software is used to create tables from statistical data? • Google Docs • Microsoft Excel • Open Office Impress • Microsoft SQL Server RATIONALE Excel is a spreadsheet program provided by Microsoft that is used to create charts from statistical data. CONCEPT Productivity Application Software 15 To improve the operating speed of his computer, Richard can use a disk defragmentation program, which is a form of __________. • utility software • integrated development environment software • operating system software • productivity software RATIONALE A defragmentation tool is a type of common utility software. Utility software enables you to repair, modify, and maintain your computer in some way, such as by improving processing speed. CONCEPT Computer Software 16 Sam is a member of a software development team. His job is to identify the system functions that must be validated, and to decide how to test new software. What is Sam's role on the software development team? • Project Manager • Programmer • Software Analyst • Software Quality Assurance RATIONALE Sam's role on the software development team is Software Quality Assurance. A Software Quality Assurance Specialist tests software to ensure that it works, and works efficiently. The Software Quality Assurance Specialist's main responsibility is to continuously improve software on schedule, and within budget. CONCEPT The Software Development Team 17 Gabriel works on a team that is developing a self-driving car. What advance in technology best describes this project? • Augmented reality • Visualization • Artificial intelligence • Collaborative technology RATIONALE Artificial intelligence is the technological advance that best describes self-driving cars. Artificial intelligence is the theory and development of computer systems that can perform tasks which normally require human intelligence (e.g, visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation). CONCEPT Advancements in Computer Science 18 Select the true statement about CIPA. • All schools are required to adopt it. • It is enforced by the federal E-rate program. • Parental consent is required if a child wants to use a site. • It can restrict a minor's access to harmful content. RATIONALE The Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) established regulations that require the blocking of access by minors to obscene or pornographic pictures. CIPA also requires an Internet safety policy if an entity receives discounted Internet service. CONCEPT Protecting Minors from Online Dangers 19 Pille runs a small business. She wants to create and send invoices to her customers. Which productivity software should Pille use? • Google Slides • OpenOffice Calc • Microsoft Access • MySQL RATIONALE OpenOffice Calc is a spreadsheet application provided by Apache. Because it is open source software, it is easy for users to open, and is compatible with many other spreadsheet programs. CONCEPT Productivity Application Software 20 Chip stays up late every night surfing the Web, but tells himself that he hardly ever does this. Which computer addiction symptom is Chip experiencing? • Uncomfortable feelings • Downplaying • Lack of control • Neglect RATIONALE Chip is experiencing the downplaying symptom of computer addiction because he attempts to justify his unreasonable interest in surfing the net. CONCEPT Computer Addiction 21 Which task is suitable for a manual process? • Yesenia's software requires, at most, one or two tests. • Marvin’s software requires accurate, consistent testing. • Ahmad's software will be tested outside normal business hours. • Braelyn’s software is subject to routine testing. RATIONALE Yesenia's software requires no more than one or two tests, so a manual process is recommended. The small number of tests to be completed does not justify their automation. The other answer choices describe tasks in which automated processes are preferred. Automation is appropriate when tests are scheduled to start at specific times, or at recurrent times. Automation is also recommended to ensure accurate and reliable test results. An automated process can collect, organize, and manage data related to the test. CONCEPT The Impacts of Automation 22 Connie works for a medium-sized manufacturing firm. She keeps the operating systems up-to-date, ensures that memory and disk storage are available, and oversees the physical environment of the computer. Connie is employed as a __________. • Computer Engineer • Hardware Engineer • Computer Operator • Database Administrator RATIONALE Connie is a Computer Operator. Her duties include the maintenance and evolution of the company's computing and technological assets (i.e., the operating systems, storage, network, security, and software). CONCEPT The Computing Profession 23 Using his smartphone, Jeremy taps his finger to select a song to listen to on his headphones. This process describes the interaction between the __________ and __________. • visual card, motherboard • touchscreen, visual card • visual card, sound card • touchscreen, sound card RATIONALE This process describes the interaction between the touch screen and sound card. Touch screens can be used for both input and output. The sound card enables Jeremy's smartphone to play music through his headphones. CONCEPT Computer Components and Roles 24 While saving a document to her hard drive, Connie's computer screen suddenly changed to display an error message on a blue background. The error code indicated that there was a problem with her computer's RAM. Connie's computer is affected by a(n) __________. • file compatibility issue • application error • hardware crash • system performance issue RATIONALE Connie's computer is affected by a hardware crash. A computer can crash due to faulty hardware. Computer hardware can fail after long periods of use. CONCEPT Troubleshooting with Microsoft Windows 25 Smartphones and tablets currently outsell laptop and desktop computers. This statement describes the trend known as __________. • personalization • mobilization • visualization • automation RATIONALE Mobile technology, including mobile devices (smartphones), mobile apps, and mobile operating systems (Android, iOS), has created a trend towards mobilization. The next generation of smartphones will be context-aware, and will make use of the growing availability of embedded physical sensors, and data-exchange capabilities. CONCEPT Advancements in Computer Science .