Name: Malik Mohammed
Unit 2: Practical scientific procedures and techniques
Learning Aim B: Undertake calorimetry to study cooling curves
Aims:
Calibrate thermometers to measure the rate of cooling in different substances
use the data obtained to construct graphs showing the cooling curve for each
substance.
Risk assessments:
Hot water
To reduce risk, wear safety gloves and goggles. Stir mixtures to allow for an even
distribution of heat.
Emergency action: if the boiling water comes into contact into the skin immediately rinse
the area affected under cold tap water repeatedly.
Paraffin wax
to reduce risk: make sure you use the smallest amount of the substance. Make sure you
wear eye protection. You need to make sure the room is well ventilated.
Emergency action: if it comes into contact with your eyes flood the eye with water
repeatedly.
Stearic acid
to reduce risk: You need to make sure the room is well ventilated. You also need to place
the acid in the middle of the table to decrease the chance of spillages. You need to wear eye
protection.
Emergency action: if the acid comes into contact with the skin remove the contaminated
clothing and then wash the skin water.
, Calibration of the thermometer
Equipment:
Thermometers (alcohol, mercury, digital)
Crushed ice
Water
Glass beaker
Stopwatch
Bunsen burner
Tripod and gauze
Glass rod
Heat resistant mat
Method for cold and hot water thermometer calibration
Cold: scroll through fix these as should be P3
1. You need to fill the beaker with roughly 5 ice cubes first.
2. Into the beaker, pour 20 cm3water.
3. Then insert the digital thermometer with the ice cubes into the beaker.
4. Start the stopwatch and check the temperature for 5 minutes every 1 minute and enter
the values into the table.
5. For a liquid thermometer, you now need to repeat steps 1-4.
Hot:
1. Fill about 25 cm3 of water with your beaker. Use a Bunsen burner and set it to boil.
2. Then, insert the digital thermometer with the boiling water into the beaker.
3. Start the stopwatch and check the temperature for 5 minutes every 1 minute and add the
values to your table.
4. For the liquid thermometer, you now need to repeat steps 1-3.
I made sure that the thermometers were calibrated to ensure they worked well, because if
they were not configured, they would give me the wrong temperatures. To calibrate the
thermometers to see whether the results would be close to the actual values, I tested the
thermometers with water at 0 ° C and 100 ° C.
Results table of ice water
Date Thermometer Temperatur Temperatur Temperatur Average
Unit 2: Practical scientific procedures and techniques
Learning Aim B: Undertake calorimetry to study cooling curves
Aims:
Calibrate thermometers to measure the rate of cooling in different substances
use the data obtained to construct graphs showing the cooling curve for each
substance.
Risk assessments:
Hot water
To reduce risk, wear safety gloves and goggles. Stir mixtures to allow for an even
distribution of heat.
Emergency action: if the boiling water comes into contact into the skin immediately rinse
the area affected under cold tap water repeatedly.
Paraffin wax
to reduce risk: make sure you use the smallest amount of the substance. Make sure you
wear eye protection. You need to make sure the room is well ventilated.
Emergency action: if it comes into contact with your eyes flood the eye with water
repeatedly.
Stearic acid
to reduce risk: You need to make sure the room is well ventilated. You also need to place
the acid in the middle of the table to decrease the chance of spillages. You need to wear eye
protection.
Emergency action: if the acid comes into contact with the skin remove the contaminated
clothing and then wash the skin water.
, Calibration of the thermometer
Equipment:
Thermometers (alcohol, mercury, digital)
Crushed ice
Water
Glass beaker
Stopwatch
Bunsen burner
Tripod and gauze
Glass rod
Heat resistant mat
Method for cold and hot water thermometer calibration
Cold: scroll through fix these as should be P3
1. You need to fill the beaker with roughly 5 ice cubes first.
2. Into the beaker, pour 20 cm3water.
3. Then insert the digital thermometer with the ice cubes into the beaker.
4. Start the stopwatch and check the temperature for 5 minutes every 1 minute and enter
the values into the table.
5. For a liquid thermometer, you now need to repeat steps 1-4.
Hot:
1. Fill about 25 cm3 of water with your beaker. Use a Bunsen burner and set it to boil.
2. Then, insert the digital thermometer with the boiling water into the beaker.
3. Start the stopwatch and check the temperature for 5 minutes every 1 minute and add the
values to your table.
4. For the liquid thermometer, you now need to repeat steps 1-3.
I made sure that the thermometers were calibrated to ensure they worked well, because if
they were not configured, they would give me the wrong temperatures. To calibrate the
thermometers to see whether the results would be close to the actual values, I tested the
thermometers with water at 0 ° C and 100 ° C.
Results table of ice water
Date Thermometer Temperatur Temperatur Temperatur Average
