NURS 257 Exam 2 Study Guide Comprehensive
Questions & Answers | 2026/2027 Edition
SECTION 1: DERMATOLOGY & INTEGUMENTARY
CONDITIONS
1. A nurse is caring for a child with eczema (atopic dermatitis).
Which statement about this condition is correct?
A) Eczema is a curable condition that can be completely eliminated
with proper treatment
B) Eczema is an inflammatory skin disease that can be well controlled
but not cured
C) Eczema is primarily caused by bacterial infection
D) Eczema only affects children and resolves by adolescence
Answer B:
Rationale: Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory skin
disease that cannot be cured but can be well controlled with
appropriate skin care and treatment. Key interventions include
changing diapers frequently, avoiding irritants, and using topical
corticosteroids as prescribed. ---
2. A nurse is educating a parent on proper ear drop
administration for a 4-year-old child. How should the nurse
instruct the parent to position the pinna?
A) Pull the pinna up and back
,B) Pull the pinna down and back
C) Pull the pinna straight back
D) No manipulation of the pinna is needed
Answer B:
Rationale: For children aged 0 to 3 years, the pinna should be pulled
down and back. For children aged 3 years and older, the pinna should
be pulled up and back to straighten the ear canal for proper medication
administration. ---
3. A child presents with fever, runny nose, and a "slapped cheek"
rash on the face that spreads to the body. Which condition is most
likely?
A) Measles (Rubeola)
B) Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)
C) Rubella
D) Scarlet Fever
Answer B:
Rationale: Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19) is characterized by a
"slapped cheek" rash on the face followed by a lacy rash spreading to
the body. Prodromal symptoms include fever, runny nose, and
headache. Koplik spots are associated with measles, not Fifth Disease.
---
4. A nurse is assessing a child with measles (Rubeola). Which
assessment finding is most characteristic of this condition?
A) Slapped cheek appearance
B) Koplik spots appearing 2 days before rash onset
, C) Transient rash that resolves in 3 days
D) Joint pain and arthritis
Answer B:
Rationale: Measles (Rubeola) is characterized by Koplik spots (white
spots on the buccal mucosa) that appear approximately 2 days before
the rash. The rash begins on the face and spreads downward,
accompanied by high fever. Conjunctivitis, cough, and coryza are also
classic features. ---
5. A pregnant client asks about the rubella vaccine. Which
response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "The rubella vaccine is safe to administer during any stage of
pregnancy"
B) "You cannot receive the rubella vaccine while you are pregnant"
C) "The vaccine should be given in the third trimester for maximum
protection"
D) "You can receive the vaccine if you have antibodies present"
Answer B:
Rationale: Rubella (German measles) vaccine is contraindicated
during pregnancy because it is a live-virus vaccine. Pregnant women
should be counseled to avoid pregnancy for at least one month
following vaccination. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause
congenital rubella syndrome. ---
6. A nurse is providing education to parents of a child with head
lice (Pediculosis Capitis). Which statement indicates
understanding?
Questions & Answers | 2026/2027 Edition
SECTION 1: DERMATOLOGY & INTEGUMENTARY
CONDITIONS
1. A nurse is caring for a child with eczema (atopic dermatitis).
Which statement about this condition is correct?
A) Eczema is a curable condition that can be completely eliminated
with proper treatment
B) Eczema is an inflammatory skin disease that can be well controlled
but not cured
C) Eczema is primarily caused by bacterial infection
D) Eczema only affects children and resolves by adolescence
Answer B:
Rationale: Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory skin
disease that cannot be cured but can be well controlled with
appropriate skin care and treatment. Key interventions include
changing diapers frequently, avoiding irritants, and using topical
corticosteroids as prescribed. ---
2. A nurse is educating a parent on proper ear drop
administration for a 4-year-old child. How should the nurse
instruct the parent to position the pinna?
A) Pull the pinna up and back
,B) Pull the pinna down and back
C) Pull the pinna straight back
D) No manipulation of the pinna is needed
Answer B:
Rationale: For children aged 0 to 3 years, the pinna should be pulled
down and back. For children aged 3 years and older, the pinna should
be pulled up and back to straighten the ear canal for proper medication
administration. ---
3. A child presents with fever, runny nose, and a "slapped cheek"
rash on the face that spreads to the body. Which condition is most
likely?
A) Measles (Rubeola)
B) Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)
C) Rubella
D) Scarlet Fever
Answer B:
Rationale: Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19) is characterized by a
"slapped cheek" rash on the face followed by a lacy rash spreading to
the body. Prodromal symptoms include fever, runny nose, and
headache. Koplik spots are associated with measles, not Fifth Disease.
---
4. A nurse is assessing a child with measles (Rubeola). Which
assessment finding is most characteristic of this condition?
A) Slapped cheek appearance
B) Koplik spots appearing 2 days before rash onset
, C) Transient rash that resolves in 3 days
D) Joint pain and arthritis
Answer B:
Rationale: Measles (Rubeola) is characterized by Koplik spots (white
spots on the buccal mucosa) that appear approximately 2 days before
the rash. The rash begins on the face and spreads downward,
accompanied by high fever. Conjunctivitis, cough, and coryza are also
classic features. ---
5. A pregnant client asks about the rubella vaccine. Which
response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "The rubella vaccine is safe to administer during any stage of
pregnancy"
B) "You cannot receive the rubella vaccine while you are pregnant"
C) "The vaccine should be given in the third trimester for maximum
protection"
D) "You can receive the vaccine if you have antibodies present"
Answer B:
Rationale: Rubella (German measles) vaccine is contraindicated
during pregnancy because it is a live-virus vaccine. Pregnant women
should be counseled to avoid pregnancy for at least one month
following vaccination. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause
congenital rubella syndrome. ---
6. A nurse is providing education to parents of a child with head
lice (Pediculosis Capitis). Which statement indicates
understanding?
