Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis + cytokinesis

Prophase

1. Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope
appears to break down
2. Centrioles move/migrate to opposite poles for
spindle formation
3. Spindle fibres attach to specific points on
centromere and move the chromosomes to centre
of the cell
4. Nuclear envelope completely disappears




Metaphase

1. Chromosomes are moved by spindle fibres to form
a plane in the centre of the cell called the
metaphase plate equator and then are held in place


Anaphase

1. Centromeres holding pairs of chromatids in each
chromosome divide

, 2. Sister Chromatids are separated and pulled to
opposite poles of the cell by shortening spindle
fibres


Telophase

1. Chromatids have reached opposite poles and are
now called chromosomes
2. Nuclear envelope now reforms around two new sets
of chromosomes.
3. Chromosomes start to uncoil and the nucleolus
reforms


Cytokinesis

1. Division of the cytoplasm of the cell to produce two
new genetically identical cells


Extra: in animal cells a cleavage furrow forms around the
middle of the cell

cytoskeleton pulls membrane inwards close enough for it
to fuse around the middle leading to two new cells being
formed