D 236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY E FINAL PAPER EXAM QUESTIONS ACCURATE ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
Question:
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities.
Answer:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
Question:
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities?
Answer:
Alterations of DNA
Question:
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing.
Answer:
(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Question:
Explain RAAS
Answer:
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin >
produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
,Question:
DKA
Answer:
increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
Question:
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
Answer:
retain H and excrete HCO3
Question:
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte?
Answer:
Potassium
Question:
West Nile Virus
Answer:
Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever,
headache and stiff neck
Question:
Lyme disease
Answer:
Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Question:
,Erythema infectiosum
Answer:
a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, "fifth disease"
Question:
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____.
Answer:
Spina bifida
Question:
Trousseau's sign
Answer:
arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Question:
Cause and sign of spina bifida
Answer:
results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
Question:
hemophilia is more common in
Answer:
males
Question:
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
, Answer:
ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Question:
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders
Answer:
Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Question:
Describe Lupus
Answer:
Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Question:
Describe Myasthenia Gravis
Answer:
It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of
skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
Question:
dermatitis
Answer:
inflammation of the skin
Question:
eczema
SOLUTION
Question:
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities.
Answer:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
Question:
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities?
Answer:
Alterations of DNA
Question:
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing.
Answer:
(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Question:
Explain RAAS
Answer:
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin >
produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
,Question:
DKA
Answer:
increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
Question:
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
Answer:
retain H and excrete HCO3
Question:
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte?
Answer:
Potassium
Question:
West Nile Virus
Answer:
Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever,
headache and stiff neck
Question:
Lyme disease
Answer:
Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
Question:
,Erythema infectiosum
Answer:
a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, "fifth disease"
Question:
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____.
Answer:
Spina bifida
Question:
Trousseau's sign
Answer:
arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Question:
Cause and sign of spina bifida
Answer:
results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
Question:
hemophilia is more common in
Answer:
males
Question:
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
, Answer:
ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
Question:
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders
Answer:
Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Question:
Describe Lupus
Answer:
Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash
Question:
Describe Myasthenia Gravis
Answer:
It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of
skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
Question:
dermatitis
Answer:
inflammation of the skin
Question:
eczema
