ROSDahl'S TEXTBOOK OF BASIC NURSING
12TH EDITION TEST BANK – CAROLINE
ROSDAHL – CHAPTERS 1-103 – NCLEX-PN®
LPN/LVN STUDY GUIDE
PART A: THE NATURE OF NURSING
UNIT 1: THE NATURE OF NURSING
Chapter 1: The Origins of Nursing
1. What contribution did Roman Matron Saint Marcella make to the origins of nursing?
A) First to teach nursing skills
B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
C) Established inns and hospitals for pilgrims
D) Was the namesake of the first free hospital in Rome in 390 AD
Answer: A) First to teach nursing skills
Rationale: Saint Marcella is recognized as one of the first to teach nursing skills. She
established a monastery and taught women nursing skills, contributing significantly to the
early development of nursing as a formal practice. Her work helped establish nursing as a
vocation centered on care and compassion.
2. Which of Florence Nightingale's nursing principles is still practiced today?
A) The nurse's role is defined by the physician's orders
B) The nurse's primary role is to spend time caring for others
,C) The nurse is viewed as an independent healthcare provider
D) The nurse is tasked with the responsibility of keeping the environment clean
Answer: B) The nurse's primary role is to spend time caring for others
Rationale: Nightingale believed that the nurse's primary role was to spend time caring for
others, a principle that remains foundational to nursing practice today. She emphasized the
importance of the nurse-client relationship and the therapeutic value of presence and
compassionate care.
3. What contribution did Roman Matron Phoebe make to the origins of nursing?
A) Established first gerontological facility
B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
C) Established inns and hospitals for pilgrims
D) Was the namesake of the first free hospital in Rome in 390 AD
Answer: B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
Rationale: Phoebe is recognized as the first deaconess and visiting nurse. She was a
prominent figure in early Christian history who provided care to the sick and needy, setting
a precedent for organized nursing care within religious communities.
4. In what time period were monastic orders established to care for the sick?
A) 500 BC
B) 460 BC
C) First century
D) Second century
Answer: C) First century
Rationale: Monastic orders were established in the first century to care for the sick. These
religious communities provided shelter, food, and nursing care to the ill, establishing the
foundation for organized healthcare within religious institutions.
5. Which nursing programs were established on the basis of the Nightingale plan? (Select
all that apply)
,A) Kaiserswerth School for Nursing
B) Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing
C) Connecticut Training School in New Haven
D) Boston Training School at Massachusetts
E) St. Thomas Hospital in London
Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: The Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing, Connecticut Training School in New
Haven, and Boston Training School at Massachusetts were all established based on the
Nightingale plan. These programs followed Nightingale's model of formal nursing education
with structured curricula and clinical training. Kaiserswerth was where Nightingale trained,
not established on her plan, and St. Thomas was Nightingale's own school.
6. A beginning nursing student asks about the principles taught by the Nightingale Nursing
School. What should the nurse's answer include? (Select all that apply)
A) Cleanliness is vital to recovery
B) Cure is better than prevention
C) The nurse must work as a member of a team
D) The nurse should be healthy in both mind and body
E) The nurse must use discretion but must follow the physician's orders
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Nightingale's principles included the vital importance of cleanliness for recovery,
the need for nurses to work as team members, and the requirement that nurses maintain
health in both mind and body. She emphasized prevention over cure and believed nurses
should exercise independent judgment within their scope.
7. A student nurse is interested in knowing some of the Nightingale School's innovations in
the field of nursing. What should the nurse's response include?
A) Establishment of a nurses' residence
B) Records of school employment before graduation
C) Exit examinations and academic and personal requirements, including a character
reference before working
D) Records of each student's progress that was later known as the "Henderson plan," a
model for current nursing programs
, Answer: A) Establishment of a nurses' residence
Rationale: The Nightingale School established a nurses' residence, which was an
innovation that provided housing and a supportive environment for nursing students. This
created a professional community and allowed for better supervision and training of
student nurses.
8. A nursing student asks about the significance of the Nightingale lamp. What is the
symbolism attached to this image?
A) Warmth of caring
B) Nursing education
C) Energy of the nurse to heal others
D) Commitment of the nurse to heal others
Answer: A) Warmth of caring
Rationale: The Nightingale lamp symbolizes the warmth of caring that nurses provide to
their patients. It represents the compassionate, nurturing aspect of nursing that Nightingale
embodied during her rounds at night, tending to soldiers with a lantern in hand.
9. Which interventions did Nightingale insist upon that immediately served to reduce the
mortality rate during the Crimean War? (Select all that apply)
A) Securing more funds and support
B) Establishing sanitary conditions
C) Providing quality nursing care
D) Increasing the available supplies
E) Procuring more medication
Answer: B, C
Rationale: Nightingale's insistence on establishing sanitary conditions and providing quality
nursing care dramatically reduced the mortality rate during the Crimean War. She
implemented strict hygiene protocols, improved ventilation, and ensured proper nutrition
and care for wounded soldiers.
10. What contribution did Isabel Hampton Robb make to the development of nursing in the
United States?
12TH EDITION TEST BANK – CAROLINE
ROSDAHL – CHAPTERS 1-103 – NCLEX-PN®
LPN/LVN STUDY GUIDE
PART A: THE NATURE OF NURSING
UNIT 1: THE NATURE OF NURSING
Chapter 1: The Origins of Nursing
1. What contribution did Roman Matron Saint Marcella make to the origins of nursing?
A) First to teach nursing skills
B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
C) Established inns and hospitals for pilgrims
D) Was the namesake of the first free hospital in Rome in 390 AD
Answer: A) First to teach nursing skills
Rationale: Saint Marcella is recognized as one of the first to teach nursing skills. She
established a monastery and taught women nursing skills, contributing significantly to the
early development of nursing as a formal practice. Her work helped establish nursing as a
vocation centered on care and compassion.
2. Which of Florence Nightingale's nursing principles is still practiced today?
A) The nurse's role is defined by the physician's orders
B) The nurse's primary role is to spend time caring for others
,C) The nurse is viewed as an independent healthcare provider
D) The nurse is tasked with the responsibility of keeping the environment clean
Answer: B) The nurse's primary role is to spend time caring for others
Rationale: Nightingale believed that the nurse's primary role was to spend time caring for
others, a principle that remains foundational to nursing practice today. She emphasized the
importance of the nurse-client relationship and the therapeutic value of presence and
compassionate care.
3. What contribution did Roman Matron Phoebe make to the origins of nursing?
A) Established first gerontological facility
B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
C) Established inns and hospitals for pilgrims
D) Was the namesake of the first free hospital in Rome in 390 AD
Answer: B) Was the first deaconess and visiting nurse
Rationale: Phoebe is recognized as the first deaconess and visiting nurse. She was a
prominent figure in early Christian history who provided care to the sick and needy, setting
a precedent for organized nursing care within religious communities.
4. In what time period were monastic orders established to care for the sick?
A) 500 BC
B) 460 BC
C) First century
D) Second century
Answer: C) First century
Rationale: Monastic orders were established in the first century to care for the sick. These
religious communities provided shelter, food, and nursing care to the ill, establishing the
foundation for organized healthcare within religious institutions.
5. Which nursing programs were established on the basis of the Nightingale plan? (Select
all that apply)
,A) Kaiserswerth School for Nursing
B) Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing
C) Connecticut Training School in New Haven
D) Boston Training School at Massachusetts
E) St. Thomas Hospital in London
Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: The Bellevue Hospital School of Nursing, Connecticut Training School in New
Haven, and Boston Training School at Massachusetts were all established based on the
Nightingale plan. These programs followed Nightingale's model of formal nursing education
with structured curricula and clinical training. Kaiserswerth was where Nightingale trained,
not established on her plan, and St. Thomas was Nightingale's own school.
6. A beginning nursing student asks about the principles taught by the Nightingale Nursing
School. What should the nurse's answer include? (Select all that apply)
A) Cleanliness is vital to recovery
B) Cure is better than prevention
C) The nurse must work as a member of a team
D) The nurse should be healthy in both mind and body
E) The nurse must use discretion but must follow the physician's orders
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Nightingale's principles included the vital importance of cleanliness for recovery,
the need for nurses to work as team members, and the requirement that nurses maintain
health in both mind and body. She emphasized prevention over cure and believed nurses
should exercise independent judgment within their scope.
7. A student nurse is interested in knowing some of the Nightingale School's innovations in
the field of nursing. What should the nurse's response include?
A) Establishment of a nurses' residence
B) Records of school employment before graduation
C) Exit examinations and academic and personal requirements, including a character
reference before working
D) Records of each student's progress that was later known as the "Henderson plan," a
model for current nursing programs
, Answer: A) Establishment of a nurses' residence
Rationale: The Nightingale School established a nurses' residence, which was an
innovation that provided housing and a supportive environment for nursing students. This
created a professional community and allowed for better supervision and training of
student nurses.
8. A nursing student asks about the significance of the Nightingale lamp. What is the
symbolism attached to this image?
A) Warmth of caring
B) Nursing education
C) Energy of the nurse to heal others
D) Commitment of the nurse to heal others
Answer: A) Warmth of caring
Rationale: The Nightingale lamp symbolizes the warmth of caring that nurses provide to
their patients. It represents the compassionate, nurturing aspect of nursing that Nightingale
embodied during her rounds at night, tending to soldiers with a lantern in hand.
9. Which interventions did Nightingale insist upon that immediately served to reduce the
mortality rate during the Crimean War? (Select all that apply)
A) Securing more funds and support
B) Establishing sanitary conditions
C) Providing quality nursing care
D) Increasing the available supplies
E) Procuring more medication
Answer: B, C
Rationale: Nightingale's insistence on establishing sanitary conditions and providing quality
nursing care dramatically reduced the mortality rate during the Crimean War. She
implemented strict hygiene protocols, improved ventilation, and ensured proper nutrition
and care for wounded soldiers.
10. What contribution did Isabel Hampton Robb make to the development of nursing in the
United States?
