NSG 223 HESI FINAL COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK
FINAL EXAM CURRENT FOR 2026/2027 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES (RELIABLE
SOLUTIONS) A NEW UPDATED VERSION 2026 EDITION
||JUST RELEASED
Atrial Flutter
Appearance: saw tooth pattern, irregular pulse Rate: 250-400bpm
IF over 150---> immediate cardioversion
Treatment: CCB (diltiazem, verapamil), BB (propranolol), Amiodarone
(toxic to lungs--> pulmonary function test)
Cardioversion, antiarrhythmic (procainamide), heparin, warfarin
Catheter ablation--> procedure to destroy the errant electrical
pathways
,Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
Appearance: No P-wave. They are irregular
Treatment: Anticoagulant therapy to prevent forming of clots
Chronic Pancreatitis
-Pain worsens over time
-severe upper abdominal and back pain w/ vomiting
- some describe the pain as "gnawing, grinding and worse after
eating"
-alcohol is the most common cause
- unrelieved by large doses of pain meds ---> use adjunct meds like
antioxidants, antidepressants, non-narcotics (no morphine)
Treatment:
- surgery --> open up duct or bypass obstruction
- if pancreatic enzyme is working properly stool will appear formed
and solid
, Renal Failure Labs
Increased:
- BUN Normal (10-20)
- Serum Creatinine Normal (0.6-1.2)
Hepatic Failure
-portal obstruction
-ascites
-infection / peritonitis
-GI varices
- cirrhosis
- Edema
- Vitamin deficiency and anemia
-Ammonia builds up --> GIVE LACTULOSE- to poop out ammonina,
pt. will have diarrhea
-restrict sodium
Renal Calculi - Diet
- low potassium
(no bananas, citrus, juices, coffee)
-low protein
- low sodium
- high carb
- fresh fruits and vegetables
- avoid calcium
- avoid oxalate foods
FINAL EXAM CURRENT FOR 2026/2027 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES (RELIABLE
SOLUTIONS) A NEW UPDATED VERSION 2026 EDITION
||JUST RELEASED
Atrial Flutter
Appearance: saw tooth pattern, irregular pulse Rate: 250-400bpm
IF over 150---> immediate cardioversion
Treatment: CCB (diltiazem, verapamil), BB (propranolol), Amiodarone
(toxic to lungs--> pulmonary function test)
Cardioversion, antiarrhythmic (procainamide), heparin, warfarin
Catheter ablation--> procedure to destroy the errant electrical
pathways
,Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
Appearance: No P-wave. They are irregular
Treatment: Anticoagulant therapy to prevent forming of clots
Chronic Pancreatitis
-Pain worsens over time
-severe upper abdominal and back pain w/ vomiting
- some describe the pain as "gnawing, grinding and worse after
eating"
-alcohol is the most common cause
- unrelieved by large doses of pain meds ---> use adjunct meds like
antioxidants, antidepressants, non-narcotics (no morphine)
Treatment:
- surgery --> open up duct or bypass obstruction
- if pancreatic enzyme is working properly stool will appear formed
and solid
, Renal Failure Labs
Increased:
- BUN Normal (10-20)
- Serum Creatinine Normal (0.6-1.2)
Hepatic Failure
-portal obstruction
-ascites
-infection / peritonitis
-GI varices
- cirrhosis
- Edema
- Vitamin deficiency and anemia
-Ammonia builds up --> GIVE LACTULOSE- to poop out ammonina,
pt. will have diarrhea
-restrict sodium
Renal Calculi - Diet
- low potassium
(no bananas, citrus, juices, coffee)
-low protein
- low sodium
- high carb
- fresh fruits and vegetables
- avoid calcium
- avoid oxalate foods
