Orthopedic Nurse Certification
COMPLETE EXAM LATEST VERSION
QUESTIONS AND 100- Verified
ANSWERS.pdf
Question 1
Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption (breakdown of bone
matrix)?
A) Osteoblasts
B) Osteocytes
C) Osteoclasts
D) Chondrocytes
Answer: C) Osteoclasts
Rational: Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone
resorption. They secrete enzymes and acids that break down bone matrix, releasing
calcium and phosphate into the bloodstream. Osteoblasts (A) build new bone,
osteocytes (B) maintain bone matrix, and chondrocytes (D) are cartilage cells.
Question 2
Which structure connects muscle to bone?
,A) Ligament
B) Tendon
C) Cartilage
D) Fascia
Answer: B) Tendon
Rational: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that connect muscle to bone,
transmitting the force of muscle contraction to produce movement. Ligaments (A)
connect bone to bone. Cartilage (C) provides cushioning between bones. Fascia (D)
is a sheet of connective tissue surrounding muscles.
Question 3
The vertebral column typically consists of how many vertebrae?
A) 24
B) 26
C) 33
D) 35
Answer: C) 33
Rational: The vertebral column typically has 33 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5
lumbar, 5 sacral (fused), and 4 coccygeal (fused).
Question 4
The knee joint is classified as which type of joint?
,A) Synarthrosis (immovable)
B) Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)
C) Diarthrosis (freely movable)
D) Syndesmosis
Answer: C) Diarthrosis (freely movable)
Rational: The knee joint is a diarthrosis (synovial joint) which allows free
movement. Sutures of the skull are synarthroses (A, immovable). The symphysis
pubis and intervertebral discs are amphiarthroses (B, slightly movable). A
syndesmosis (D) is a type of amphiarthrosis.
Question 5
The glenoid labrum serves to:
A) Deepen the glenoid fossa and provide stability to the shoulder joint
B) Produce synovial fluid
C) Attach the rotator cuff tendons
D) Protect the axillary nerve
Answer: A) Deepen the glenoid fossa and provide stability to the shoulder joint
Rational: The labrum is a fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the shallow glenoid
fossa, increasing shoulder stability. Tears (SLAP lesions) can cause shoulder
instability. Synovial fluid is produced by the synovial membrane (B). The rotator cuff
tendons attach to the humerus (C). The axillary nerve is protected by the shoulder
capsule (D).
, Question 6
What is the normal angle of inclination of the femoral neck relative to the shaft?
A) 90 degrees
B) 125 degrees (approximately)
C) 150 degrees
D) 180 degrees
Answer: B) 125 degrees (approximately)
Rational: The normal femoral neck-shaft angle is approximately 125 degrees
(range: 120-135 degrees). Coxa valga is >135 degrees, and coxa vara is <120
degrees.
Question 7
Which artery is most likely injured in a femoral neck fracture, leading to avascular
necrosis of the femoral head?
A) Lateral circumflex femoral artery
B) Medial circumflex femoral artery
C) Superior gluteal artery
D) Obturator artery
Answer: B) Medial circumflex femoral artery
Rational: The medial circumflex femoral artery supplies the femoral head and
neck. Disruption of this blood supply, as in a femoral neck fracture, can lead to
avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
COMPLETE EXAM LATEST VERSION
QUESTIONS AND 100- Verified
ANSWERS.pdf
Question 1
Which type of bone cell is responsible for bone resorption (breakdown of bone
matrix)?
A) Osteoblasts
B) Osteocytes
C) Osteoclasts
D) Chondrocytes
Answer: C) Osteoclasts
Rational: Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone
resorption. They secrete enzymes and acids that break down bone matrix, releasing
calcium and phosphate into the bloodstream. Osteoblasts (A) build new bone,
osteocytes (B) maintain bone matrix, and chondrocytes (D) are cartilage cells.
Question 2
Which structure connects muscle to bone?
,A) Ligament
B) Tendon
C) Cartilage
D) Fascia
Answer: B) Tendon
Rational: Tendons are fibrous connective tissues that connect muscle to bone,
transmitting the force of muscle contraction to produce movement. Ligaments (A)
connect bone to bone. Cartilage (C) provides cushioning between bones. Fascia (D)
is a sheet of connective tissue surrounding muscles.
Question 3
The vertebral column typically consists of how many vertebrae?
A) 24
B) 26
C) 33
D) 35
Answer: C) 33
Rational: The vertebral column typically has 33 vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5
lumbar, 5 sacral (fused), and 4 coccygeal (fused).
Question 4
The knee joint is classified as which type of joint?
,A) Synarthrosis (immovable)
B) Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)
C) Diarthrosis (freely movable)
D) Syndesmosis
Answer: C) Diarthrosis (freely movable)
Rational: The knee joint is a diarthrosis (synovial joint) which allows free
movement. Sutures of the skull are synarthroses (A, immovable). The symphysis
pubis and intervertebral discs are amphiarthroses (B, slightly movable). A
syndesmosis (D) is a type of amphiarthrosis.
Question 5
The glenoid labrum serves to:
A) Deepen the glenoid fossa and provide stability to the shoulder joint
B) Produce synovial fluid
C) Attach the rotator cuff tendons
D) Protect the axillary nerve
Answer: A) Deepen the glenoid fossa and provide stability to the shoulder joint
Rational: The labrum is a fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the shallow glenoid
fossa, increasing shoulder stability. Tears (SLAP lesions) can cause shoulder
instability. Synovial fluid is produced by the synovial membrane (B). The rotator cuff
tendons attach to the humerus (C). The axillary nerve is protected by the shoulder
capsule (D).
, Question 6
What is the normal angle of inclination of the femoral neck relative to the shaft?
A) 90 degrees
B) 125 degrees (approximately)
C) 150 degrees
D) 180 degrees
Answer: B) 125 degrees (approximately)
Rational: The normal femoral neck-shaft angle is approximately 125 degrees
(range: 120-135 degrees). Coxa valga is >135 degrees, and coxa vara is <120
degrees.
Question 7
Which artery is most likely injured in a femoral neck fracture, leading to avascular
necrosis of the femoral head?
A) Lateral circumflex femoral artery
B) Medial circumflex femoral artery
C) Superior gluteal artery
D) Obturator artery
Answer: B) Medial circumflex femoral artery
Rational: The medial circumflex femoral artery supplies the femoral head and
neck. Disruption of this blood supply, as in a femoral neck fracture, can lead to
avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
