AQA AS CHEMISTRY 7402 2 PAPER 2
ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
BUNDLED EXAMS SCRIPT FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS READY FOR
CHEMISTRY
⩥ Electron impact.
Answer: Sample vaporised and electron gun fires high energy electrons
at it which knock off 1 electron from each particle, making them 1+ ions
NB- can knock off more than one e or break molecular ion
⩥ electrospray ionization.
Answer: Sample dissolved in volatile solvent then injected through
needle to give fine mist which is attached to positive end of high voltage
power supply, particles gain proton
NB- Mr of substance is actually one less than shown due to extra H+
⩥ Acceleration (TOF).
Answer: positive ions accelerated using electric field so they all have the
same kinetic energy
⩥ Ion drift (TOF).
, Answer: particles with small mass have larger velocity do ions start to
separate with lightest ions reaching detector first
⩥ Detection (TOF).
Answer: positive ions hit negatively charged plate and gain an electron
which forms a current, the larger the current the higher the abundance
⩥ Analysis (TOF).
Answer: -computer uses data to produce mass spectrum which shows
mass m / charge z ratio
-mr or ar is furthest right peak (small peaks larger than mr are due to
isotopes)
-may be large peaks at lower mr due to fragmentation
⩥ Electron spin.
Answer: Property of electron (CW or ACW)
Represented by up and down arrows
⩥ Orbitals.
Answer: Defined regions of space around nucleus where electrons most
likely to be found, each orbital holds 2 electrons
⩥ Hund's Rule.
ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
BUNDLED EXAMS SCRIPT FINAL PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS READY FOR
CHEMISTRY
⩥ Electron impact.
Answer: Sample vaporised and electron gun fires high energy electrons
at it which knock off 1 electron from each particle, making them 1+ ions
NB- can knock off more than one e or break molecular ion
⩥ electrospray ionization.
Answer: Sample dissolved in volatile solvent then injected through
needle to give fine mist which is attached to positive end of high voltage
power supply, particles gain proton
NB- Mr of substance is actually one less than shown due to extra H+
⩥ Acceleration (TOF).
Answer: positive ions accelerated using electric field so they all have the
same kinetic energy
⩥ Ion drift (TOF).
, Answer: particles with small mass have larger velocity do ions start to
separate with lightest ions reaching detector first
⩥ Detection (TOF).
Answer: positive ions hit negatively charged plate and gain an electron
which forms a current, the larger the current the higher the abundance
⩥ Analysis (TOF).
Answer: -computer uses data to produce mass spectrum which shows
mass m / charge z ratio
-mr or ar is furthest right peak (small peaks larger than mr are due to
isotopes)
-may be large peaks at lower mr due to fragmentation
⩥ Electron spin.
Answer: Property of electron (CW or ACW)
Represented by up and down arrows
⩥ Orbitals.
Answer: Defined regions of space around nucleus where electrons most
likely to be found, each orbital holds 2 electrons
⩥ Hund's Rule.
