ASA 104 Test 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
Engine Start Up Procedure
1. Locate battery selector switch and turn to the starter battery
2. Verify that the gear shift is in neutral.
3. Locate the shut off lever and be sure that it is pushed in.
4. Turn key and push the start button.
5. Allow the engine to idle and check that coolant water is being discharged astern.
6. Reduce throttle to idle position.
Raw water Coolant System Components
Through-hull value
Water strainer
Water pump / impellor
Heat exchanger
Exhaust mixer
Exhaust through-hull (above the water line)
Closed water Coolant System Components
This system circulates throughout the engine and in most modern sailing vessels also through
the onboard fresh hot water tank.
As the closed water system circulates through the heat exchanger, the raw water system
draws off the heat from the engine block much like a car's radiator and fan do.
The two most important parts of this system are the fresh water pump and the heat exchanger.
The skipper cannot easily service the fresh water coolant pump; this unit will need to be
removed from the engine and parts replaced by a professional or DIY.
,Inside the systems is also a thermostat like the one in a car. You can remove this and run the
engine safely without it, if it is not opening.
However, the usual problem with the closed water coolant system is a broken hose or
connection.
One needs to check the level of the fresh water system. This should be a 50/50 mixer of fresh
water and anti-freeze.
This system becomes pressurized as the engine heats up, so one should not remove the
radiator cap when the engine block is hot.
1. Fuel system - Components
1. Deck fill
2. Fuel tank with vent hose to the outside
3. Fuel pick-up line inside the fuel tank
4. Fuel shut off valve
5. Water separator - not all systems have this This will remove any water from the diesel fuel.
6. Primary fuel filter - removes larger impurities from the fuel and will need to be serviced on
a regular schedule In most modern vessel, these two units are combined into one unit like on
board At Last.
7. Lift pump – also has a primer lever to prime the fuel lines
8. Secondary fuel filter – removes smaller impurities from the fuel before it is sent to the
injector pump
9. Injector pump - high pressure, the fuel lines into and out of this pump change from rubber
to metal
, Injectors
10. Unused fuel return lines
Fuel Planning
One needs to first know the tank capacity.
Our first calculation will be to determine how much fuel the vessel consumes in one hour at
cruising RPM.
Next, we must determine the consumption of fuel per nautical mile per mile NMPG.
Using this number, we can now calculate our range under power.
Naturally, one will need to have a reserve for emergencies.
The textbook recommends 1/3 reserve.
Often larger impurities will accumulate near the bottom of the tank and these can cause major
problems, especially with lots of wave action.
There are a number of issues which can decrease our range. These include
- wind and waves, as well as the
- condition of the vessel’s haul and the weight of the vessel, crew, and gear.
Of course, the wind and waves could also increase our range!
At Last has a 40 gallon fuel tank.
- Using my recommendation, that will give us 26 usable gallons.
- At 2500 rpm, she uses 0.75 gallons per hour at a cruising speed of 6.5 kt per hour.
Answers
Engine Start Up Procedure
1. Locate battery selector switch and turn to the starter battery
2. Verify that the gear shift is in neutral.
3. Locate the shut off lever and be sure that it is pushed in.
4. Turn key and push the start button.
5. Allow the engine to idle and check that coolant water is being discharged astern.
6. Reduce throttle to idle position.
Raw water Coolant System Components
Through-hull value
Water strainer
Water pump / impellor
Heat exchanger
Exhaust mixer
Exhaust through-hull (above the water line)
Closed water Coolant System Components
This system circulates throughout the engine and in most modern sailing vessels also through
the onboard fresh hot water tank.
As the closed water system circulates through the heat exchanger, the raw water system
draws off the heat from the engine block much like a car's radiator and fan do.
The two most important parts of this system are the fresh water pump and the heat exchanger.
The skipper cannot easily service the fresh water coolant pump; this unit will need to be
removed from the engine and parts replaced by a professional or DIY.
,Inside the systems is also a thermostat like the one in a car. You can remove this and run the
engine safely without it, if it is not opening.
However, the usual problem with the closed water coolant system is a broken hose or
connection.
One needs to check the level of the fresh water system. This should be a 50/50 mixer of fresh
water and anti-freeze.
This system becomes pressurized as the engine heats up, so one should not remove the
radiator cap when the engine block is hot.
1. Fuel system - Components
1. Deck fill
2. Fuel tank with vent hose to the outside
3. Fuel pick-up line inside the fuel tank
4. Fuel shut off valve
5. Water separator - not all systems have this This will remove any water from the diesel fuel.
6. Primary fuel filter - removes larger impurities from the fuel and will need to be serviced on
a regular schedule In most modern vessel, these two units are combined into one unit like on
board At Last.
7. Lift pump – also has a primer lever to prime the fuel lines
8. Secondary fuel filter – removes smaller impurities from the fuel before it is sent to the
injector pump
9. Injector pump - high pressure, the fuel lines into and out of this pump change from rubber
to metal
, Injectors
10. Unused fuel return lines
Fuel Planning
One needs to first know the tank capacity.
Our first calculation will be to determine how much fuel the vessel consumes in one hour at
cruising RPM.
Next, we must determine the consumption of fuel per nautical mile per mile NMPG.
Using this number, we can now calculate our range under power.
Naturally, one will need to have a reserve for emergencies.
The textbook recommends 1/3 reserve.
Often larger impurities will accumulate near the bottom of the tank and these can cause major
problems, especially with lots of wave action.
There are a number of issues which can decrease our range. These include
- wind and waves, as well as the
- condition of the vessel’s haul and the weight of the vessel, crew, and gear.
Of course, the wind and waves could also increase our range!
At Last has a 40 gallon fuel tank.
- Using my recommendation, that will give us 26 usable gallons.
- At 2500 rpm, she uses 0.75 gallons per hour at a cruising speed of 6.5 kt per hour.
