Lecture 1: Neuropsychology of music
Projectiontothecortex
Sounds & ARAS Everything you hear first
goes through the brain stem
and thus also affects your ⑤ ÷÷-
Aled ,
arousal through your ARAS.
Music can make you feel ④ geniculate
more aroused and awake
or more relaxed and calm. ③
oui-
inferior
①
② -
÷:-
Complex
Music & depression & Because music enters the brain stem, it can increase vital functions and lead to
anxiety an anxious feeling. But, similarly, putting on music with a slow rhythm will
cause your heart rate to synchronize and can thus calm you down.
Furthermore, enjoyable repetition in music makes positive expectations known
to us, which causes dopamine & opiates to be produced in anticipation.
These neurotransmitters cause a wonderful and relaxing feeling + they
activate prefrontal areas, which then give a signal back
The prefrontal areas will now inhibit negative emotions in the amygdala
and you will feel better
(also, the nucleus accumbus will make you desire more of the music)
?⃝
,Music therapy in Prematurely born babies have underdeveloped gyri of the auditory cortex.
premature babies Playing them calm music can make them less stressed (stress from being born
|
prematurely) and can stimulate the gyri development (though one should
prevent overstimulation)
Endothelial When we are sitting, our blood vessels are normal. But when we move around,
vasoreactivity to the blood stream increases, which causes endothelum cells to produce nitric
music oxide, which dilates the blood vessels which is healthy. Happy music can do this
too.
happy music anxious music
dilation no dilation
Music you like vs Because of the earlier discussed effects of expectation, it is better to listen to
dislike vs favorite music you personally like because of the opiates produced etc.
Lps It is also better to listen to your favorite music because it leads to the most
activity in the frontal areas and activates the default network mode (=
network for creativity, mind-wandering and can inhibit (mental) pain)
frontal
,.÷
. .
g.
.
.
1
activation of the
default mode
network
, Inhibition of pain by
music & the default
|
mode network
① sensing ② inhibiting
pain signals back
←
fault network
"" " ④ inhibiting
of pain
the cortex by
the default
mode network
Physical activity & A recent study has shown that the lonely individuals are more likely to be
depression & anxiety inactive during Covid 19, which also raises their risk for depression & anxiety
Projectiontothecortex
Sounds & ARAS Everything you hear first
goes through the brain stem
and thus also affects your ⑤ ÷÷-
Aled ,
arousal through your ARAS.
Music can make you feel ④ geniculate
more aroused and awake
or more relaxed and calm. ③
oui-
inferior
①
② -
÷:-
Complex
Music & depression & Because music enters the brain stem, it can increase vital functions and lead to
anxiety an anxious feeling. But, similarly, putting on music with a slow rhythm will
cause your heart rate to synchronize and can thus calm you down.
Furthermore, enjoyable repetition in music makes positive expectations known
to us, which causes dopamine & opiates to be produced in anticipation.
These neurotransmitters cause a wonderful and relaxing feeling + they
activate prefrontal areas, which then give a signal back
The prefrontal areas will now inhibit negative emotions in the amygdala
and you will feel better
(also, the nucleus accumbus will make you desire more of the music)
?⃝
,Music therapy in Prematurely born babies have underdeveloped gyri of the auditory cortex.
premature babies Playing them calm music can make them less stressed (stress from being born
|
prematurely) and can stimulate the gyri development (though one should
prevent overstimulation)
Endothelial When we are sitting, our blood vessels are normal. But when we move around,
vasoreactivity to the blood stream increases, which causes endothelum cells to produce nitric
music oxide, which dilates the blood vessels which is healthy. Happy music can do this
too.
happy music anxious music
dilation no dilation
Music you like vs Because of the earlier discussed effects of expectation, it is better to listen to
dislike vs favorite music you personally like because of the opiates produced etc.
Lps It is also better to listen to your favorite music because it leads to the most
activity in the frontal areas and activates the default network mode (=
network for creativity, mind-wandering and can inhibit (mental) pain)
frontal
,.÷
. .
g.
.
.
1
activation of the
default mode
network
, Inhibition of pain by
music & the default
|
mode network
① sensing ② inhibiting
pain signals back
←
fault network
"" " ④ inhibiting
of pain
the cortex by
the default
mode network
Physical activity & A recent study has shown that the lonely individuals are more likely to be
depression & anxiety inactive during Covid 19, which also raises their risk for depression & anxiety
