BIOL 235 final Exam QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
SOLVED.
4 sets of reactions in cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅glycolysis,
formation of acetyl coenzyme A, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
5 types of blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅arteries, arterioles, capillaries,
venules, veins
60% of amino acids in the body - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅can be used for
glyconeogenesis
Aber 8 days after fertilization the embryoblast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅develops into
a hypoblast and epiblast
ABO blood typing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood is mixed with anti-A and anti-B
serum
About 8 days after fertilization the trophoblast: develops into a synctiotophoblast and a
cytotrophoblast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
Abrupt increase in breathing at the start of exercise is due to - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅neural changes that send excitatory impulses to the dorsal group of the
medullary respiratory center of the medulla
Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passage of digested products from GI tract into
blood and lymph
Absorptive cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅release enzymes that digest food and
contain microvilli that absorb nutrients in small intestinal chyme
Accessory digestive organs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅teeth, tongue, salivary glands,
liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Accessory sex glands secrete - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most of the liquid portion of
semen
Acidity and O2 affinity for Hb - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅as pH decreases or partial
pressure of CO2 increases, the affinity of Hb of O2 declines so less O2 combines with
hemoglobin and more is available to tissues
,Active helper T cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅secrete cytokines
Adventitia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superficial layer of the esophagus
After ovulation a secondary oocyte and its corona radiate - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅move from the pelvic cavity into the infundibulum of the uterine tube
agglutinins - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅genetically-determined glycoprotein and
glycolipid antigens found on the surface of an erythrocyte
Air moves into the lungs when - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alveolar pressure is less than
atmospheric pressure
Air moves out of the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅when alveolar pressure is greater
than atmospheric pressure
All lymph returns to the bloodstream - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅through thoracic duct
and the right lymphatic duct
All systemic arteries branch - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅from the aorta
All veins of systemic circulation drain into - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superior vena
cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Although the neurons of the ENS can function independently, - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅they are subject to regulation by neurons of the autonomic nervous
system.
Alveolar sacs consist of: two or more alveoli that share a common opening - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅
alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅actual sites of gas exchange
An antibody combines only - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅with the epitope on the antigen
that triggered its production
Anabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅combine simple molecules and monomers to
form body's complex structural and functions components
Anergy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prolonged state of inactivity caused by binding of the
antigen to a receptor, without costimulation
Antibodies in your plasma don't react with - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅antigens on your
red blood cells
,Antimicrobial substances - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interfereons, diffuse to uninfected
neighboring cells, complement system, iron-binding proteins, antimicrobial proteins
(AMPs)
Aortic reflex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅baroreceptors in the wall of the ascending aorta
which regulates systemic blood pressure
Arteries - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅carry blood from the heart to tissues
Arythnoid cartilages - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅triangular, form synovial joints with
cricoid cartilage and have a wide range of motiblity
As air passes through the nose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅it is warmed, filtered,
moistened, and olfaction occurs
As cardiac output rises - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood flow to the lungs (pulmonary
perfusion) increases
As partial pressure of CO2 increases - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅shifts the curve to the
right, more dissociation of O2
As protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix through the H+ channel in ATP
synthase - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ATP is synthesized
As temperature increases - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the affinity of hemoglobin for O2
decreases
As the cuff deflates - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅first sound usually systolic pressure, the
sounds suddenly become faint at the diastolic blood pressure
As the ovarian follicle enlarges - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅follicular fluid accumulates in
a cavity called the antrum
As the three proton pumps pass electrons form one carrier to the next - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅they also move protons from the matrix into the space between the inner
and outer mitochondrial membranes
At midcycle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a surge in LH triggers ovulation
Auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅listening to sounds within the body, usually
done with a stethoscope
, Authorhythmic fibers pace - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅100 times a minute, natural
pacemaker
Autorhythmic fibers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pacemaker, form the cardiac conduction
system
AV valves - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅between an atrium and a ventricle
Average lifespan of an erythrocyte - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅120 days
Baroreceptor location - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅located in aorta, internal carotid
arteries, and other large arteries in the neck and chest
Baroreceptors are - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pressure sensitive neurons that monitor
stretching
Basic structure of a blood vessel - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tunica interna, tunica
media, tunica externa
Before amino acids can be catabolized - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅they must be first
converted to various substances that can enter the Krebs cycle
Bicuspid valve - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅left atrium and left ventricle
Blood cell production - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hemopoesis, mainly occurs in red
bone marrow after birth
Blood clot - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅gel that contains formed elements of the blood
entangled in fibrin threads
Blood colloid osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pushes fluid into capillaries
(reabsorption)
Blood draining from the head - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passes into the internal
jugular, external jugular, and vertebral veins
Blood flows into the left atrium through - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅four pulmonary veins
Blood flows into the right atrium through - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superior vena cava,
inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Blood hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pushes fluid out of capillaries
(filtration)
SOLVED.
4 sets of reactions in cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅glycolysis,
formation of acetyl coenzyme A, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
5 types of blood vessels - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅arteries, arterioles, capillaries,
venules, veins
60% of amino acids in the body - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅can be used for
glyconeogenesis
Aber 8 days after fertilization the embryoblast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅develops into
a hypoblast and epiblast
ABO blood typing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood is mixed with anti-A and anti-B
serum
About 8 days after fertilization the trophoblast: develops into a synctiotophoblast and a
cytotrophoblast - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
Abrupt increase in breathing at the start of exercise is due to - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅neural changes that send excitatory impulses to the dorsal group of the
medullary respiratory center of the medulla
Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passage of digested products from GI tract into
blood and lymph
Absorptive cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅release enzymes that digest food and
contain microvilli that absorb nutrients in small intestinal chyme
Accessory digestive organs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅teeth, tongue, salivary glands,
liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Accessory sex glands secrete - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅most of the liquid portion of
semen
Acidity and O2 affinity for Hb - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅as pH decreases or partial
pressure of CO2 increases, the affinity of Hb of O2 declines so less O2 combines with
hemoglobin and more is available to tissues
,Active helper T cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅secrete cytokines
Adventitia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superficial layer of the esophagus
After ovulation a secondary oocyte and its corona radiate - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅move from the pelvic cavity into the infundibulum of the uterine tube
agglutinins - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅genetically-determined glycoprotein and
glycolipid antigens found on the surface of an erythrocyte
Air moves into the lungs when - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅alveolar pressure is less than
atmospheric pressure
Air moves out of the lungs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅when alveolar pressure is greater
than atmospheric pressure
All lymph returns to the bloodstream - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅through thoracic duct
and the right lymphatic duct
All systemic arteries branch - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅from the aorta
All veins of systemic circulation drain into - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superior vena
cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Although the neurons of the ENS can function independently, - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅they are subject to regulation by neurons of the autonomic nervous
system.
Alveolar sacs consist of: two or more alveoli that share a common opening - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅
alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅actual sites of gas exchange
An antibody combines only - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅with the epitope on the antigen
that triggered its production
Anabolism - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅combine simple molecules and monomers to
form body's complex structural and functions components
Anergy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅prolonged state of inactivity caused by binding of the
antigen to a receptor, without costimulation
Antibodies in your plasma don't react with - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅antigens on your
red blood cells
,Antimicrobial substances - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interfereons, diffuse to uninfected
neighboring cells, complement system, iron-binding proteins, antimicrobial proteins
(AMPs)
Aortic reflex - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅baroreceptors in the wall of the ascending aorta
which regulates systemic blood pressure
Arteries - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅carry blood from the heart to tissues
Arythnoid cartilages - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅triangular, form synovial joints with
cricoid cartilage and have a wide range of motiblity
As air passes through the nose - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅it is warmed, filtered,
moistened, and olfaction occurs
As cardiac output rises - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅blood flow to the lungs (pulmonary
perfusion) increases
As partial pressure of CO2 increases - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅shifts the curve to the
right, more dissociation of O2
As protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix through the H+ channel in ATP
synthase - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ATP is synthesized
As temperature increases - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the affinity of hemoglobin for O2
decreases
As the cuff deflates - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅first sound usually systolic pressure, the
sounds suddenly become faint at the diastolic blood pressure
As the ovarian follicle enlarges - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅follicular fluid accumulates in
a cavity called the antrum
As the three proton pumps pass electrons form one carrier to the next - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅they also move protons from the matrix into the space between the inner
and outer mitochondrial membranes
At midcycle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a surge in LH triggers ovulation
Auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅listening to sounds within the body, usually
done with a stethoscope
, Authorhythmic fibers pace - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅100 times a minute, natural
pacemaker
Autorhythmic fibers - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pacemaker, form the cardiac conduction
system
AV valves - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅between an atrium and a ventricle
Average lifespan of an erythrocyte - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅120 days
Baroreceptor location - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅located in aorta, internal carotid
arteries, and other large arteries in the neck and chest
Baroreceptors are - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pressure sensitive neurons that monitor
stretching
Basic structure of a blood vessel - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tunica interna, tunica
media, tunica externa
Before amino acids can be catabolized - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅they must be first
converted to various substances that can enter the Krebs cycle
Bicuspid valve - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅left atrium and left ventricle
Blood cell production - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hemopoesis, mainly occurs in red
bone marrow after birth
Blood clot - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅gel that contains formed elements of the blood
entangled in fibrin threads
Blood colloid osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pushes fluid into capillaries
(reabsorption)
Blood draining from the head - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passes into the internal
jugular, external jugular, and vertebral veins
Blood flows into the left atrium through - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅four pulmonary veins
Blood flows into the right atrium through - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅superior vena cava,
inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Blood hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pushes fluid out of capillaries
(filtration)
