ESS 101 EXAM ONE STUDY GUIDE
plate=tectonics=-=ans-
✔✔outer=portion=of=the=earth=which=consists=of=slabs=of=lithosphere=(upper=most=mant
le=and=crust)=that=are=in=constant=relative=motion
three=kinds=of=plate=boundaries=-=ans-✔✔divergent,=convergent,=transform=fault
divergent=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=away=from=each=other
convergent=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=towards=each=other
transform=fault=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=past=each=other
layers=of=earth=from=inner=to=outer=/=composition=at=each=layer=-=ans-
✔✔1.=inner=core:=solid=nickel=and=iron
2.=outer=core:=molten=nickel=and=iron
3.=lower=mantle:=solid=dense=rock=
4.=upper=mantle:=mostly=solid=rock
5.=crust:=solid=less-dense=rock
mineral=-=ans-
✔✔a=naturally=occurring,=inorganic,=crystalline=solid=with=a=definite=chemical=compositi
on;=defined=by=5=characteristics=-
=crystalline(1),=solid(2),=definite=chemical=composition(3),=naturally=occurring(4),=inorga
nic(5)
rock=-=ans-
✔✔naturally=formed,=solid=material=composed=of=grains=of=one=or=more=minerals
crystalline=-=ans-
✔✔atoms=are=arranged=in=a=regularly=repeating,=orderly=structure,=called=the=crystal=l
attice
cleavage=-=ans-✔✔tendency=for=mineral=grains=to=break=on=distinct=planes=--
=cleavage=planes=are=the=manifestation=of=uniform=planes=of=relatively=weaker=bonds=i
n=the=crystal=lattice=of=the=mineral
plate=tectonics=-=ans-
✔✔outer=portion=of=the=earth=which=consists=of=slabs=of=lithosphere=(upper=most=mant
le=and=crust)=that=are=in=constant=relative=motion
three=kinds=of=plate=boundaries=-=ans-✔✔divergent,=convergent,=transform=fault
divergent=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=away=from=each=other
convergent=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=towards=each=other
transform=fault=boundary=-=ans-✔✔moving=past=each=other
layers=of=earth=from=inner=to=outer=/=composition=at=each=layer=-=ans-
✔✔1.=inner=core:=solid=nickel=and=iron
2.=outer=core:=molten=nickel=and=iron
3.=lower=mantle:=solid=dense=rock=
4.=upper=mantle:=mostly=solid=rock
5.=crust:=solid=less-dense=rock
mineral=-=ans-
✔✔a=naturally=occurring,=inorganic,=crystalline=solid=with=a=definite=chemical=compositi
on;=defined=by=5=characteristics=-
=crystalline(1),=solid(2),=definite=chemical=composition(3),=naturally=occurring(4),=inorga
nic(5)
rock=-=ans-
✔✔naturally=formed,=solid=material=composed=of=grains=of=one=or=more=minerals
crystalline=-=ans-
✔✔atoms=are=arranged=in=a=regularly=repeating,=orderly=structure,=called=the=crystal=l
attice
cleavage=-=ans-✔✔tendency=for=mineral=grains=to=break=on=distinct=planes=--
=cleavage=planes=are=the=manifestation=of=uniform=planes=of=relatively=weaker=bonds=i
n=the=crystal=lattice=of=the=mineral
