NSG 223 Mod 1.1 - Trauma Exam Questions
and Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Phases of trauma care -In house/field resuscitation
-Operative
-Critical care (e.g. ED & ICU)
-Intermediate care (e.g. acute care unit,
step-down
unit)
-Rehabilitation phase
Characteristics of trauma centers -Open 24/7
-All resources available (e.g. operating
rooms, CT
scan, physician specialists)
-They know you are coming, the team is
waiting for
you ready to go!
Level 1 trauma center -Highest level of care
-All the resources, specialized services
-Capable of providing total care for every
aspect
of injury, from prevention to rehabilitation
Level 2 trauma center -Comprehensive care, fewer resources
-Certain complex injuries may need to be
transferred to Level 1
,Level 3 trauma center -Initial emergency care and stabilization
-Can't offer comprehensive care for more
serious
injuries
Primary survey (hint: ABCDE) -Airway
-Breathing
-Circulation
-Disability
-Exposure
What to include in primary -Is air moving in and out?
assessment of airway -Presence of foreign bodies in airway
-Chest movements
-Breathing sounds that may indicate
obstruction
Potential immediate interventions -Cervical spine immobilization (e.g.
to cervical collar,
maintain pt airway blocks)
-Oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal airway
-Intubation
-Tracheostomy
-Suction
-Remove foreign bodies
Why is immediate cervical -Always assume the pt has a cervical
immobilization important for a spine injury
patient with multisystem trauma? -Excessive movement could make injury
worse,
damage spinal cord, and impair the airway
, What to include in primary -Rate, rhythm, depth, pattern
assessment of breathing -Breath sounds
-O2 saturation
-Cyanosis
-Use of accessory muscles
-Signs of chest trauma
-ABG
Potential immediate interventions -Positive pressure ventilation (e.g. ambu
to bag,
maintain pt breathing rescue breathing)
-Apply 100% high-flow O2
-Position on side after neck is stabilized
-Thoracostomy (e.g. pneumothorax)
What to include in primary -Pulse
assessment of circulation -Blood pressure
-Capillary refill
-Peripheral pulses
-Skin color (e.g. pallor) and temp
-Look for bleeding
-S/S of shock
Potential immediate interventions -Apply pressure to stop bleeding
to -CPR
maintain pt circulation -Insert 2 large-bore IVs (14 or 16 gauge)
Exsanguination -Extreme hemorrhage
-Over 250 mL per minute
-Leads to hypovolemic shock
and Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Phases of trauma care -In house/field resuscitation
-Operative
-Critical care (e.g. ED & ICU)
-Intermediate care (e.g. acute care unit,
step-down
unit)
-Rehabilitation phase
Characteristics of trauma centers -Open 24/7
-All resources available (e.g. operating
rooms, CT
scan, physician specialists)
-They know you are coming, the team is
waiting for
you ready to go!
Level 1 trauma center -Highest level of care
-All the resources, specialized services
-Capable of providing total care for every
aspect
of injury, from prevention to rehabilitation
Level 2 trauma center -Comprehensive care, fewer resources
-Certain complex injuries may need to be
transferred to Level 1
,Level 3 trauma center -Initial emergency care and stabilization
-Can't offer comprehensive care for more
serious
injuries
Primary survey (hint: ABCDE) -Airway
-Breathing
-Circulation
-Disability
-Exposure
What to include in primary -Is air moving in and out?
assessment of airway -Presence of foreign bodies in airway
-Chest movements
-Breathing sounds that may indicate
obstruction
Potential immediate interventions -Cervical spine immobilization (e.g.
to cervical collar,
maintain pt airway blocks)
-Oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal airway
-Intubation
-Tracheostomy
-Suction
-Remove foreign bodies
Why is immediate cervical -Always assume the pt has a cervical
immobilization important for a spine injury
patient with multisystem trauma? -Excessive movement could make injury
worse,
damage spinal cord, and impair the airway
, What to include in primary -Rate, rhythm, depth, pattern
assessment of breathing -Breath sounds
-O2 saturation
-Cyanosis
-Use of accessory muscles
-Signs of chest trauma
-ABG
Potential immediate interventions -Positive pressure ventilation (e.g. ambu
to bag,
maintain pt breathing rescue breathing)
-Apply 100% high-flow O2
-Position on side after neck is stabilized
-Thoracostomy (e.g. pneumothorax)
What to include in primary -Pulse
assessment of circulation -Blood pressure
-Capillary refill
-Peripheral pulses
-Skin color (e.g. pallor) and temp
-Look for bleeding
-S/S of shock
Potential immediate interventions -Apply pressure to stop bleeding
to -CPR
maintain pt circulation -Insert 2 large-bore IVs (14 or 16 gauge)
Exsanguination -Extreme hemorrhage
-Over 250 mL per minute
-Leads to hypovolemic shock
