BIO 101 NVCC EXAMS 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔This strand continuously builds new DNA - ✔✔Leading
✔✔Semi-Converative replication is - ✔✔the new DNA double helix has one old strand
and one new strand
✔✔Complementary DNA base pairing for DNA Replication - ✔✔A-T, C-G
✔✔Give the complementary sequence of DNA on the opposite strand - and label the 5'
and 3' end:
3' CATTAGAAGCTAAAGCGCTATAT 5' - ✔✔5' GTAATCTTCGATTTCGCGATATA 3'
✔✔Original DNA strand: 5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG
_________________________________ REPLICATION FORK moving to the right
Original DNA strand: 3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC
___________________________________
Fill in the leading and lagging strands and label the 5' and 3' ends: - ✔✔Original DNA
strand: 5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG _________________________________
REPLICATION FORK moving to the right
3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC lagging strand ________________
5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG leading strand ____________
Original DNA strand: 3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC
___________________________________
, ✔✔Sugar preset in DNA - ✔✔Deoxyribose
✔✔Type of sugar in RNA - ✔✔Ribose
✔✔Nitrogenous bases in DNA - ✔✔ACG&T
✔✔Nitrogenous bases in RNA - ✔✔ACG&U
✔✔Number of strands in DNA - ✔✔Two
✔✔Number of strands in RNA - ✔✔One
✔✔What is the promoter DNA sequence? - ✔✔DNA sequence that is bound by
transcription factors
✔✔What is a Transcription factor? - ✔✔A Protein that binds the promoter region of
DNA.
✔✔What is RNA Polymerase? - ✔✔Builds new RNA in a 5' to 3' direction
✔✔What is mRNA processing? - ✔✔It's a necessary function that prepares the pre-
mRNA for translation (occurs before translation).
✔✔What is the Coding DNA strand? - ✔✔The pre-mRNA is the same as this sequence,
just in RNA form.
✔✔What is the template DNA strand? - ✔✔The pre-mRNA is complementary to this
sequence.
✔✔What is a poly-A tail? - ✔✔A tail added to the 3' end of mRNA that prevents it from
being degraded.
✔✔What is a G-Cap? - ✔✔A header added to the 5' end of the mRNA that allows it to
exit from the nucleus.
✔✔What is an Intron? - ✔✔Part of DNA sequence that are removed from the pre-mRNA
✔✔What is an Exon? - ✔✔It's part opf the DNA sequence that are kept in the mRNA.
✔✔transcribe this section of exon DNA on the Coding strand:
5' GCATGTTCAGGCTAAGCTACCTGTGAC 3' - ✔✔5'
GCAUGUUCAGGCUAAGCUACCUGUGAC 3'
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔This strand continuously builds new DNA - ✔✔Leading
✔✔Semi-Converative replication is - ✔✔the new DNA double helix has one old strand
and one new strand
✔✔Complementary DNA base pairing for DNA Replication - ✔✔A-T, C-G
✔✔Give the complementary sequence of DNA on the opposite strand - and label the 5'
and 3' end:
3' CATTAGAAGCTAAAGCGCTATAT 5' - ✔✔5' GTAATCTTCGATTTCGCGATATA 3'
✔✔Original DNA strand: 5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG
_________________________________ REPLICATION FORK moving to the right
Original DNA strand: 3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC
___________________________________
Fill in the leading and lagging strands and label the 5' and 3' ends: - ✔✔Original DNA
strand: 5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG _________________________________
REPLICATION FORK moving to the right
3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC lagging strand ________________
5 ' ATACAGATTAACCGG leading strand ____________
Original DNA strand: 3' TATGTCTAATTGGCC
___________________________________
, ✔✔Sugar preset in DNA - ✔✔Deoxyribose
✔✔Type of sugar in RNA - ✔✔Ribose
✔✔Nitrogenous bases in DNA - ✔✔ACG&T
✔✔Nitrogenous bases in RNA - ✔✔ACG&U
✔✔Number of strands in DNA - ✔✔Two
✔✔Number of strands in RNA - ✔✔One
✔✔What is the promoter DNA sequence? - ✔✔DNA sequence that is bound by
transcription factors
✔✔What is a Transcription factor? - ✔✔A Protein that binds the promoter region of
DNA.
✔✔What is RNA Polymerase? - ✔✔Builds new RNA in a 5' to 3' direction
✔✔What is mRNA processing? - ✔✔It's a necessary function that prepares the pre-
mRNA for translation (occurs before translation).
✔✔What is the Coding DNA strand? - ✔✔The pre-mRNA is the same as this sequence,
just in RNA form.
✔✔What is the template DNA strand? - ✔✔The pre-mRNA is complementary to this
sequence.
✔✔What is a poly-A tail? - ✔✔A tail added to the 3' end of mRNA that prevents it from
being degraded.
✔✔What is a G-Cap? - ✔✔A header added to the 5' end of the mRNA that allows it to
exit from the nucleus.
✔✔What is an Intron? - ✔✔Part of DNA sequence that are removed from the pre-mRNA
✔✔What is an Exon? - ✔✔It's part opf the DNA sequence that are kept in the mRNA.
✔✔transcribe this section of exon DNA on the Coding strand:
5' GCATGTTCAGGCTAAGCTACCTGTGAC 3' - ✔✔5'
GCAUGUUCAGGCUAAGCUACCUGUGAC 3'
