BIO 101 NVCC PAPER ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔chemical reaction - ✔✔- the making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to
changes in the composition of matter
- all chemical reactions are reversible; products of the forward reaction become
reactants for the reverse reaction
✔✔Reactants - ✔✔A starting material in a chemical reaction
✔✔Products - ✔✔The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.
✔✔Cohesive behavior - ✔✔the ability for like molecules to "stick" together
✔✔Cohesion - ✔✔Attraction between molecules of the same substance
✔✔Adhesion - ✔✔An attraction between molecules of different substances
✔✔surface tension - ✔✔the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to
minimize the area of the surface
✔✔Ability to moderate temperature - ✔✔The property of water that causes cities near
large bodies of water to be cooler than cities that are inland
✔✔high specific heat - ✔✔A property of water. Water can absorb lots of heat before
changing temperature
✔✔high heat of vaporization - ✔✔many hydrogen bonds must be broken for water to
evaporate
, ✔✔evaporative cooling - ✔✔The process in which the surface of an object becomes
cooler during evaporation, a result of the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy
changing from the liquid to the gaseous state.
✔✔Expansion upon freezing - ✔✔ice floats in water because hydrogen bonds in ice are
more "ordered" making ice less density
✔✔versatility as a solvent - ✔✔The property of water that allows it to dissolve polar
substances
✔✔Solvent - ✔✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
✔✔Solutes - ✔✔substance dissolved in a solution
✔✔aqueous solution - ✔✔a solution in which water is the solvent
✔✔Hydrophilic - ✔✔Attracted to water
✔✔Hydrophobic - ✔✔Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water.
✔✔pH scale - ✔✔- measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen
ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14
- acidic < 7
- basic > 7
- most biological fluids range from 6-8
✔✔Acids - ✔✔compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
✔✔Bases - ✔✔Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution.
✔✔buffer system - ✔✔- the internal pH of most living cells must remain close to pH 7
- minimize changes in concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution
- contain a weak acid and a corresponding base
✔✔organic molecules - ✔✔molecules that contain carbon
✔✔Hydrocarbons - ✔✔Compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen
✔✔carbon skeleton - ✔✔The chain of carbon atoms that forms the structural backbone
of an organic molecule.
✔✔Isomers - ✔✔Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔chemical reaction - ✔✔- the making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to
changes in the composition of matter
- all chemical reactions are reversible; products of the forward reaction become
reactants for the reverse reaction
✔✔Reactants - ✔✔A starting material in a chemical reaction
✔✔Products - ✔✔The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.
✔✔Cohesive behavior - ✔✔the ability for like molecules to "stick" together
✔✔Cohesion - ✔✔Attraction between molecules of the same substance
✔✔Adhesion - ✔✔An attraction between molecules of different substances
✔✔surface tension - ✔✔the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to
minimize the area of the surface
✔✔Ability to moderate temperature - ✔✔The property of water that causes cities near
large bodies of water to be cooler than cities that are inland
✔✔high specific heat - ✔✔A property of water. Water can absorb lots of heat before
changing temperature
✔✔high heat of vaporization - ✔✔many hydrogen bonds must be broken for water to
evaporate
, ✔✔evaporative cooling - ✔✔The process in which the surface of an object becomes
cooler during evaporation, a result of the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy
changing from the liquid to the gaseous state.
✔✔Expansion upon freezing - ✔✔ice floats in water because hydrogen bonds in ice are
more "ordered" making ice less density
✔✔versatility as a solvent - ✔✔The property of water that allows it to dissolve polar
substances
✔✔Solvent - ✔✔A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
✔✔Solutes - ✔✔substance dissolved in a solution
✔✔aqueous solution - ✔✔a solution in which water is the solvent
✔✔Hydrophilic - ✔✔Attracted to water
✔✔Hydrophobic - ✔✔Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water.
✔✔pH scale - ✔✔- measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen
ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14
- acidic < 7
- basic > 7
- most biological fluids range from 6-8
✔✔Acids - ✔✔compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
✔✔Bases - ✔✔Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
solution.
✔✔buffer system - ✔✔- the internal pH of most living cells must remain close to pH 7
- minimize changes in concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution
- contain a weak acid and a corresponding base
✔✔organic molecules - ✔✔molecules that contain carbon
✔✔Hydrocarbons - ✔✔Compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen
✔✔carbon skeleton - ✔✔The chain of carbon atoms that forms the structural backbone
of an organic molecule.
✔✔Isomers - ✔✔Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
