,Module 1 Problem Set: ANSWERS IN RED
1. To help yourself, write out the Lewis Dot Diagram for each of the indicated elements
on a piece of scratch paper; determine the following for each and fill in the chart
with your answers:
A. The number of Lone Pairs the atom possesses in its valence shell.
B. The number of Unpaired Electrons the atom possesses in its valence shell.
C. The number of bonds the atom will form.
ANSWER:
1. Oxygen: A) 2 B) 2 C)2
2. Carbon: A) 0 B) 4 C) 4
3. Hydrogen: A) 0 B)1 C) 1
4. Nitrogen: A) 1 B) 3 C) 3
2. Classify the bonding between the given pairs of atoms as ionic, covalent, or polar
covalent. Use the table of electronegativities shown below to help with the classification.
a. Br and Br = covalent
b. K and Cl = Ionic
c. P and Cl = Polar Covalent
d. C and O = Polar Covalent
e. Na and Br = Polar Covalent
,3. Define the term constitutional isomer.
CHANGE WORDING Answer:
Two (or more) different chemical compounds with the same molecular formula but different
connectivity between the atoms in their structural formulae.
4. Explain (using specific evidence) what makes the following two compounds
constitutional isomers of one another:
Both compounds have a MF of C3H6O – same MF.
Compound “a” has a 3-carbon chain with a C=O in the middle. No H atom connected to C
of C=O.
Compound “b” has a 3-carbon chain with a C=O at the end. There is an H attached to the
C of the C=O.
5. What is the relationship between the compounds shown? Are they the same compound,
constitutional isomers, or two different compounds that are not related to one another? Explain.
Different compounds that are not related. They have different MF – (a) C3H8O, (b)
C3H6O.
6. Identify each of the following carbon skeletons as linear (continuous), branched, or
cyclic.
, a) Branched
b) Linear kl(continuous)
c) Cyclic
7. On kla klpiece klof klscratch klpaper, klwrite klout klstructural klformulae klfor klall klof klthe klconstitutional
klisomers klpossible klfor klthe klMF klC3H6F2. klHow klmany klisomers klare klpossible klfor klthis klformula?
Answer:
FOUR kl(shown klbelow)
8. Characterize kleach klof klthe klfollowing klstructural klformula klrepresentations klas kleither kla
kldash, klcondensed, klsuper-condensed, klor klbond-line klformula:
Answer:
a) Super-Condensed
b) Condensed
c) Bond-line
d) Dash
1. To help yourself, write out the Lewis Dot Diagram for each of the indicated elements
on a piece of scratch paper; determine the following for each and fill in the chart
with your answers:
A. The number of Lone Pairs the atom possesses in its valence shell.
B. The number of Unpaired Electrons the atom possesses in its valence shell.
C. The number of bonds the atom will form.
ANSWER:
1. Oxygen: A) 2 B) 2 C)2
2. Carbon: A) 0 B) 4 C) 4
3. Hydrogen: A) 0 B)1 C) 1
4. Nitrogen: A) 1 B) 3 C) 3
2. Classify the bonding between the given pairs of atoms as ionic, covalent, or polar
covalent. Use the table of electronegativities shown below to help with the classification.
a. Br and Br = covalent
b. K and Cl = Ionic
c. P and Cl = Polar Covalent
d. C and O = Polar Covalent
e. Na and Br = Polar Covalent
,3. Define the term constitutional isomer.
CHANGE WORDING Answer:
Two (or more) different chemical compounds with the same molecular formula but different
connectivity between the atoms in their structural formulae.
4. Explain (using specific evidence) what makes the following two compounds
constitutional isomers of one another:
Both compounds have a MF of C3H6O – same MF.
Compound “a” has a 3-carbon chain with a C=O in the middle. No H atom connected to C
of C=O.
Compound “b” has a 3-carbon chain with a C=O at the end. There is an H attached to the
C of the C=O.
5. What is the relationship between the compounds shown? Are they the same compound,
constitutional isomers, or two different compounds that are not related to one another? Explain.
Different compounds that are not related. They have different MF – (a) C3H8O, (b)
C3H6O.
6. Identify each of the following carbon skeletons as linear (continuous), branched, or
cyclic.
, a) Branched
b) Linear kl(continuous)
c) Cyclic
7. On kla klpiece klof klscratch klpaper, klwrite klout klstructural klformulae klfor klall klof klthe klconstitutional
klisomers klpossible klfor klthe klMF klC3H6F2. klHow klmany klisomers klare klpossible klfor klthis klformula?
Answer:
FOUR kl(shown klbelow)
8. Characterize kleach klof klthe klfollowing klstructural klformula klrepresentations klas kleither kla
kldash, klcondensed, klsuper-condensed, klor klbond-line klformula:
Answer:
a) Super-Condensed
b) Condensed
c) Bond-line
d) Dash
